Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the significance of reading and writing in formal education?
What is the significance of reading and writing in formal education?
- They are less important than other subjects like mathematics and science.
- They are the least complex skills to acquire in school.
- They are primarily useful for artistic expression, rather than academic success.
- They are foundational, with most school-based learning depending on them. (correct)
The text mentions that difficulties in learning are considered a specific learning disorder if:
The text mentions that difficulties in learning are considered a specific learning disorder if:
- They are resolved quickly with standard educational interventions.
- They are only apparent during testing and examination periods.
- They persist for at least six months despite interventions. (correct)
- They arise suddenly due to temporary stress or anxiety.
Which of the following is an example of a difficulty in written expression, as described in the text?
Which of the following is an example of a difficulty in written expression, as described in the text?
- Reading quickly but struggling to understand complex vocabulary.
- Speaking fluently but struggling to organize thoughts on paper. (correct)
- Excelling in grammar but struggling with mathematical equations.
- Having excellent handwriting but poor reading comprehension.
What factors should NOT be the primary explanation for learning difficulties?
What factors should NOT be the primary explanation for learning difficulties?
If a student demonstrates difficulty with the accuracy and speed of word recognition, which area of reading is primarily affected?
If a student demonstrates difficulty with the accuracy and speed of word recognition, which area of reading is primarily affected?
What is a key characteristic of dyslexia, according to the text?
What is a key characteristic of dyslexia, according to the text?
A student can read a text aloud accurately but struggles to understand the meaning behind the words and sentences. Which diagnostic criteria does this align with?
A student can read a text aloud accurately but struggles to understand the meaning behind the words and sentences. Which diagnostic criteria does this align with?
A student consistently makes grammatical errors and struggles with punctuation in their writing. Which aspect of written expression is most affected?
A student consistently makes grammatical errors and struggles with punctuation in their writing. Which aspect of written expression is most affected?
If a student is diagnosed with dyslexia, what additional information is important to specify?
If a student is diagnosed with dyslexia, what additional information is important to specify?
A student spells words incorrectly, including additions, omissions, and substitutions of vowels and consonants. Which diagnostic criteria does this align with?
A student spells words incorrectly, including additions, omissions, and substitutions of vowels and consonants. Which diagnostic criteria does this align with?
Flashcards
¿Qué es un Trastorno especÃfico del aprendizaje?
¿Qué es un Trastorno especÃfico del aprendizaje?
A specific learning disorder that affects the acquisition of written language.
Reading difficulties
Reading difficulties
Errors in word reading, slow or effortful reading, and difficulty pronouncing words.
Comprehension difficulties
Comprehension difficulties
Difficulty understanding the meaning of what is read, including sentences and inferences.
Spelling difficulties
Spelling difficulties
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Written expression difficulties
Written expression difficulties
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Precisión en la lectura
Precisión en la lectura
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Velocidad de la lectura
Velocidad de la lectura
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Comprensión de la lectura
Comprensión de la lectura
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Corrección ortográfica
Corrección ortográfica
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Corrección gramatical
Corrección gramatical
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Study Notes
- The alterations of written language concept, genesis, and general characteristics are important to highlight due to the functional importance and complexity of learning the 2 techniques of reading and writing in formal education.
- Difficulties in learning written language represent a considerable percentage of general learning difficulties.
- Many students finish primary education without having acquired a functional use of reading and writing.
- According to the DSM 5 TR classification, alterations in the acquisition of written language can be considered a specific learning disorder.
Diagnostic Criteria
- Difficulties in learning and academic skills exist when at least 1 of the following symptoms persists for at least 6 months, despite interventions.
- Errors in word reading, slow and labored reading, difficulty pronouncing words.
- Difficulties in understanding the meaning of what is read.
- Difficulties in spelling
- Difficulties in written expression, such as grammatical or punctuation errors, poor paragraph organization, and lack of clarity.
- Learning difficulties should not be better explained by intellectual disabilities.
- Uncorrected visual or auditory disorders, other mental or neurological disorders, psychosocial adversity, lack of command of the language of academic instruction, or inadequate educational guidelines should not be the primary cause.
Difficulties in reading
- Precision in word reading
- Reading speed or fluency
- Reading comprehension
Difficulties in written expression
- Spelling correction
- Grammatical correction and punctuation
- Clarity or organization of written expression
- Dyslexia is an alternative term used to refer to a pattern of learning difficulties characterized by problems with accurate or fluent word recognition, poor spelling, and poor spelling ability.
- If dyslexia is used to specify this particular pattern of difficulties, it is also important to specify any additional difficulties present, such as difficulties in reading comprehension or mathematical reasoning.
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