15 Questions
What are SMART objectives?
Specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time-bound
How are objectives different from goals?
Objectives are specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time-bound, while goals are broad with a longer time horizon
What should indicators be based on?
Funding agency requirements and program theory elements
Which health domains are included in the chapter?
Physical, mental, cognitive, behavior, social, and resources
What do effect objectives focus on?
Causal factors of health problems
How should SMART objectives be based?
On current value of the indicator in the target audience
What should be considered when selecting data sources for objectives?
Availability and consistency
How can target values be calculated?
Based on default (no change)
What is a potential drawback of using the overall rate from the best 50% across geographic areas to calculate target values?
Requires data from each area; harder to understand
What is a potential advantage of using the mean rate across geographic areas to calculate target values?
Easy to understand
Why is the rate for the best sociodemographic stratum considered harder to understand as a method for calculating target values?
Requires data from each group
What characteristic makes the overall rate based on different targets for strata require a more intense intervention for the worst-off group?
Program must show improvement
Why is the overall rate from best 75% across geographic areas considered harder to understand as a method for calculating target values?
Requires data from each area; harder to understand
What makes the median rate across geographic areas easy to understand as a method for calculating target values?
May result in unreasonable target 3% change based on current trend, literature, or guess
What type of program is considered ideal for using existing benchmarks to project for several years?
Stable program and target population
Study Notes
- The chapter aims to help readers write clear and measurable process and effect objectives.
- Objectives and goals are different: objectives are specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time-bound (SMART), goals are broad, encompassing statements with a longer time horizon.
- Objectives should be based on program theory elements.
- Health domains include physical, mental, cognitive, behavior, social, and resources.
- Indicators are used to measure objectives, and their selection should be based on funding agency requirements, data collection feasibility, and scientific validity.
- Effect objectives focus on the proportion of recipients with a desired effect from program interventions on causal factors that lead to health problems.
- SMART objectives should be based on the current value of the indicator in the target audience, with options for setting targets to maintain, surpass, or sustain the trend.
- Data sources should be considered for availability, consistency, and relevance to program objectives.
- Target values can be calculated based on default (no change), statistical test results, or ideal program type.
- Caveats for setting goals and objectives include considering the complexity of the program, the potential for unintended consequences, and the need for flexibility and adaptability.
Test your understanding of writing clear, measurable process and effect objectives, distinguishing between different types of objectives, and developing realistic and achievable target values for objectives.
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