Writing Chemical Equations
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Questions and Answers

What is the first step in balancing a chemical equation?

  • Examine the equation and identify the first unbalanced element (correct)
  • Add coefficients to all elements
  • Include the physical states of the reactants and products
  • Count the number of atoms on each side

    • Which element was first identified as unbalanced in the example equation 3Fe + 4H₂O → Fe₂O₃ + 4H₂?

  • Hydrogen (H)
  • Oxygen (O)
  • Water (H₂O)
  • Iron (Fe) (correct)

    • What should be checked after adjusting the coefficients in a balanced equation?

  • The balance of atoms for each element on both sides (correct)
  • The type of reaction that occurs
  • The total mass of reactants vs products
  • The accuracy of physical states

    • In the balanced equation 3Fe(s) + 4H₂O(g) → Fe₂O₃(s) + 4H₂(g), what does the symbol (s) represent?

    <p>Solid state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional information can be included in a chemical equation to clarify the reaction conditions?

    <p>Physical states, temperature, and catalysts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the process of balancing, why is it important to add coefficients rather than changing the subscripts of compounds?

    <p>It alters the identity of the compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using coefficients in a balanced equation?

    <p>To show the amount of each substance involved in the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a step in the balancing chemical equations procedure?

    <p>Replicate all elements until balanced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates the physical state of water in the reaction CO(g) + 2H₂(g) → CH₃OH(l)?

    <p>(l) for liquid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When balancing the equation, what is the correct final form of the equation after all steps are complete?

    <p>A balanced equation with coefficients and physical states included</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chemical Reactions and Equations

    • A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances are converted into new substances.
    • Chemical reactions involve changes in the chemical composition of substances.
    • Chemical equations are a concise way to represent chemical reactions.

    Writing a Chemical Equation

    • Chemical equations can be written using chemical formulae instead of words.
    • A chemical equation represents the reactants, products, and direction of a chemical reaction.
    • Counting and comparing the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the arrow is essential to ensure the equation is balanced.

    Balanced Chemical Equations

    • A balanced chemical equation has the same number of atoms of each element on both sides of the arrow.
    • The law of conservation of mass states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
    • Balancing a chemical equation involves making sure the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation.

    Activity 1.1

    • Burning magnesium ribbon in air produces magnesium oxide.
    • The reaction involves a change in state, color, evolution of gas, and change in temperature.

    Activity 1.2 and 1.3

    • Lead nitrate solution and potassium iodide solution react to form a precipitate.
    • Zinc granules react with dilute hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid to produce zinc sulphate and hydrogen gas.

    Observations of Chemical Reactions

    • Changes in state, color, evolution of gas, and change in temperature indicate a chemical reaction has taken place.
    • Chemical reactions occur in daily life, such as milk spoiling, iron rusting, and food digestion.

    Balancing Chemical Equations

    Step I

    • Draw boxes around each formula in the equation.
    • Do not change anything inside the boxes while balancing the equation.

    Step II

    • List the number of atoms of different elements present in the unbalanced equation.

    Step III

    • Start balancing with the compound that contains the maximum number of atoms.
    • Select the element which has the maximum number of atoms in that compound.
    • Balance the atoms of the selected element.

    Step IV

    • Balance the atoms of other elements in the equation.
    • Use coefficients to balance the equation, not altering the formulae of compounds or elements.

    Step V

    • Examine the result and ensure the equation is balanced.
    • Count the atoms of each element on both sides of the equation.

    Step VI

    • Verify the balanced equation by counting atoms of each element on both sides.
    • Write the balanced equation with the physical state of each element or compound.

    Step VII

    • Write the balanced equation with reaction conditions, such as temperature, catalyst, and physical states of reactants and products.

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    Description

    Learn how to represent chemical reactions using concise chemical formulae, comparing the number of atoms on the left and right side of the equation.

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