Wound Healing Process
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Wound Healing Process

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Questions and Answers

Which type of wound involves non-traumatic wounds with contaminated entry into a viscus, but with minimal spillage?

  • Contaminated
  • Clean
  • Dirty
  • Clean contaminated (correct)
  • What type of wound includes traumatic wounds or significant spillage from a viscus or acute inflammation?

  • Clean
  • Contaminated (correct)
  • Dirty
  • Clean contaminated
  • Which category of wound involves non-traumatic wounds with no septic focus and no viscus opened?

  • Clean (correct)
  • Dirty
  • Contaminated
  • Clean contaminated
  • What is included in the 'dirty' category of wounds?

    <p>Traumatic wounds from a dirty source or significant bacterial contamination or release of pus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding inflammation is true?

    <p>Recurrent attacks of acute inflammation can lead to chronic inflammatory reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular response is associated with streptococcal tonsillitis?

    <p>Increase in neutrophil count</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature of injury-induced vascular leakage?

    <p>It leads to endothelial retractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition and location of viral endotoxin?

    <p>Lipopolysaccharide present on cell surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component involved in increasing wound strength during wound healing?

    <p>Collagen fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does not affect wound healing?

    <p>Regular exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes scar contractures to be common on the flexor surfaces of joints?

    <p>Wound healing by secondary intention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of abnormal scar extends beyond wound boundaries and does not regress spontaneously?

    <p>Keloid scars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes children's scars take longer to settle and improve?

    <p>Slower tissue maturation in children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are adhesion scars composed of?

    <p>Mainly fibrinogen fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells have no capacity to regenerate?

    <p>Permanent cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of granulation tissue?

    <p>Capillary loops and fibroblasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage does wound contraction occur?

    <p>Proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of myofibroblasts in wound healing?

    <p>Secrete collagen to form scar tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the immediate goal of haemostasis in wound healing?

    <p>Achieving platelet aggregation and degranulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are responsible for reducing infection in the wound?

    <p>Neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates angiogenesis during wound healing?

    <p>Hypoxia and cytokines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage involves the formation of scar tissue?

    <p>Maturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of collagen in wound healing?

    <p>Forming scar tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Tissue healing in organs follows basic principles, including:
      • Cells may be labile (have good capacity to regenerate), stable (have capacity to regenerate slowly), or permanent (no capacity to regenerate).
    • Tissue architecture is important, as complex arrangements cannot be reconstructed if destroyed (e.g. renal glomeruli).
    • Complete restitution occurs when part of a labile population of cells is damaged, such as minor skin abrasions.
    • Granulation tissue is the combination of capillary loops and myofibroblasts.
    • Organization is the process where specialized tissues are repaired by formation of mature connective tissue.
    • Wound contraction is mediated by myofibroblasts, reducing the tissue defect and forming a scar.
    • Four stages of wound healing:
      • Haemostasis (immediate): Platelets aggregate and degranulate, releasing inflammatory mediators and achieving haemostasis.
      • Inflammation (0-3 days): Vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, and inflammatory cells entering the wound, causing swelling, reducing infection, and debriding damaged tissue.
      • Proliferation (3 days-3 weeks): Fibroblasts migrate, synthesize collagen, and cause wound contraction, and angiogenesis is stimulated.
      • Maturation (3 weeks-1 year): Scar tissue is formed, collagen matures, and the wound is strengthened.
    • Myofibroblasts contain actin and cause wound contraction, reducing tissue defects.
    • Collagen is secreted at the same time to form a scar.
    • Haemostasis is achieved through platelet aggregation and the complement cascade.
    • Inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, enter the wound and cause swelling, reduce infection, and orchestrate fibroblast migration and collagen production.
    • Fibroblasts migrate into the wound, synthesize collagen, and cause wound contraction.
    • Angiogenesis is stimulated by hypoxia and cytokines, and granulation tissue forms.
    • Scar tissue is formed, collagen matures, and the wound is strengthened during the maturation stage.

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    Test your knowledge of the wound healing process, including the role of specialized muscle fibroblasts, factors affecting healing, and the remodelling phase. Explore the impact of impaired arterial supply, venous drainage, and patient age on wound healing.

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