Wound Healing Phases

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the inflammatory phase in wound healing?

To form scar tissue

To restore epithelial cells

To eliminate microbes, foreign material, and dying tissue (correct)

To lay down collagen fibers and glycoproteins

The migratory phase of wound healing occurs before the inflammatory phase.

False

What is the main function of the skin in thermoregulation?

Regulating body temperature by liberating sweat, increasing blood flow in dermis when warm, and reducing blood flow in dermis when cool.

The skin's synthesis of calcitriol (vitamin D) aids in the absorption of _______________________ from foods.

calcium Signup and view all the answers

Match the following phases of wound healing with their descriptions:

Inflammatory Phase = Eliminates microbes, foreign material, and dying tissue Migratory Phase = Fibroblasts lay down collagen fibers and glycoproteins Proliferative Phase = Extensive growth of epithelium and deposition of collagen Maturation Phase = Scab sloughs off and scar tissue forms Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the skin in terms of protection?

Protecting from invasion by microbes, abrasion, heat, and chemicals Signup and view all the answers

The skin plays a major role in eliminating wastes from the body.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Langerhans cells in the skin?

They are active in immunity. Signup and view all the answers

The skin's blood reservoir function accounts for approximately __________ of total blood flow in resting adults.

8 to 10% Signup and view all the answers

What type of scar forms when scar tissue grows beyond the original wound boundaries?

Keloid scar Signup and view all the answers

What are the three layers of the skin?

Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis Signup and view all the answers

Ganglia are found in the Central Nervous System.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of the skin?

temperature regulation, water repellent, barrier to external environment, provide sensory information, excrete wastes, synthesizes vitamin D, protect underlying tissues from UV radiation Signup and view all the answers

Neural crest cells give rise to ______________________________ cells.

Schwann Signup and view all the answers

Match the following glial cells with their location:

Schwann cells = Peripheral Nervous System Satellite cells = Ganglia Oligodendrocytes = Central Nervous System Signup and view all the answers

The hypodermis is the most superficial layer of the skin.

False Signup and view all the answers

The integumentary system includes the ______________________________ and all of its accessory structures.

skin Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the integumentary system?

to protect the body from external environment Signup and view all the answers

What is the most numerous type of papillae on the tongue?

Filiform Signup and view all the answers

Foliate papillae are well-developed in humans.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the von Ebner's glands?

They produce saliva that helps to dissolve food particles. Signup and view all the answers

The respiratory tract can be divided into the upper and lower respiratory tracts, with the ___________ separating the two.

larynx Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavities?

To detect odors Signup and view all the answers

The trachea is a part of the upper respiratory tract.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the glands associated with the circumvallate papillae?

Von Ebner's glands Signup and view all the answers

Match the following respiratory system components with their respective functions:

Nasal cavities = Filters, warms, and humidifies the air Larynx = Produces sound for speech Bronchioles = Conducts air to the lungs Trachea = Protects the lungs from foreign particles Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Wound Healing Phases

Inflammatory phase: blood clot forms, uniting wound edges, eliminating microbes, foreign material, and dying tissue, and increasing local blood vessel diameter to deliver nutrients, immune cells, and fibroblasts.
Migratory phase: clot dries into scab, epithelial cells migrate beneath scab, fibroblasts migrate and lay down collagen fibers and glycoproteins in dermis, and new blood vessels grow, forming granulation tissue destined to become scar tissue.
Proliferative phase: extensive growth of epithelium, deposition of collagen in random patterns by fibroblasts, and continued growth of blood vessels.
Maturation phase: scab sloughs off, granulation tissue develops into scar tissue, fibroblasts decrease in number, and blood vessels return to normal.

Functions of Skin

Thermoregulation: regulates body temperature, liberating sweat for evaporative cooling, increasing blood flow in dermis when hot, and reducing blood flow when cool.
Blood storage: 8-10% of total blood flow in resting adults found in dermal blood vessels.
Protection: from invasion by microbes, abrasion, heat, chemicals, and water evaporation/absorption, with sebum and pH of sweat being antimicrobial, melanin protecting from UV radiation, Langerhans cells active in immunity, and macrophages phagocytizing bacteria and viruses.
Cutaneous sensations: tactile (touch, pressure, vibration, tickling), thermal (warmth and coolness), and pain (usually indicating impending or actual tissue damage).
Excretion and absorption: minor role in eliminating wastes, absorbing materials from external environment, with sweat excreting water, salts, carbon dioxide, ammonia, and urea.
Synthesis of calcitrol (vitamin D): synthesized in response to UV exposure, aiding in calcium absorption from foods.

Digestive System

Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and accessory organs and glands.
Laboratory materials: slide samples of esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestine, recto-anal junction, and appendix.

General Histological Features

Epithelium: different supporting glial cells found in central and peripheral nervous systems, with distinct positions, characteristic features, and roles.
Neural crest cells give rise to sensory neurons, Schwann cells, and satellite cells of ganglia.

Integumentary System

Skin and all of its accessory structures, including hair, nails, nerves, blood vessels, glands, and muscles.
Cutaneous membrane: another name for skin.
Functions: temperature regulation, water repellent, barrier to external environment, providing sensory information, excreting wastes, and synthesizing vitamin D.

Skin Composition

Layers of integument: epidermis (most superficial), dermis (deep to epidermis), and hypodermis (anchors dermis).

Skin Structure

Two principal parts of the skin: epidermis (thin, epithelial tissue) and dermis (deep to epidermis).
Epidermis has three types of papillae: filiform (short bristles), fungiform (more globular than filiform), and circumvallate (contains most taste buds).

Respiratory System

Upper respiratory tract: nasal cavities to nasopharynx.
Lower respiratory tract: larynx to respiratory bronchioles.
Laboratory materials: nasal cavities with olfactory epithelium, trachea, bronchus, larynx, epiglottis, bronchiole, and lungs (bronchi, bronchioles, terminal and respiratory).