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Wound Contamination & Surgical Infections Quiz

Test your knowledge on wound contamination and surgical infections with this quiz. Learn about the different types of contamination and how to minimize the risk of bacterial infections. Challenge yourself with questions on surgical site infections and more.

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the definition of bacterial infection?

Having more than 10^5 bacteria per gram of tissue

Which of the following is the most common subtype of Surgical Site Infections (SSI)?

Superficial infections

Which of the following is not a subtype of Surgical Site Infections (SSI)?

Organ space infections

Which of the following is an example of a clean surgical wound?

<p>Total hip replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most contaminated type of surgical wound?

<p>Dirty</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a clean contaminated wound?

<p>Enterotomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the infection rate range for contaminated wounds?

<p>5.8-28.6%</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is the use of antibiotics prophylactically recommended for surgeries?

<p>Clean - contaminated surgeries</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of aseptic surgery?

<p>To reduce the likelihood of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors may affect a patient's ability to fight off infection during surgery?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred method for choosing antibiotics for small animals?

<p>Choosing based on culture results</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended antibiotic for anaerobic organism coverage in small animals during surgery?

<p>Metronidazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred method of administering antibiotics for horses?

<p>Intravenously</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is oxytetracycline used for in horses?

<p>Coverage against specific infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the spectrum of coverage for amoxycillin in small animals?

<p>Broad-spectrum good against gram-positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a subtype of Surgical Site Infections (SSI)?

<p>Organic infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common subtype of Surgical Site Infections (SSI)?

<p>Superficial infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of surgical wound has the highest risk of infection development?

<p>Dirty</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a bacterial infection?

<p>Having more than 105 bacteria per gram of tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical procedure is an example of a clean wound?

<p>Total hip replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred method of administering antibiotics for horses?

<p>Intravenously</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred antibiotic for anaerobic organism coverage during small animal surgery?

<p>Metronidazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the spectrum of coverage for amoxycillin in small animals?

<p>Broad-spectrum good against gram-positive bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for culturing and sensitivity testing before choosing an antibiotic for an animal?

<p>To choose an antibiotic based on culture results</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred antibiotic for small animals with a limited spectrum of choice?

<p>Cephalosporin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a contaminated wound?

<p>Excision or drainage of an abscess</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of aseptic surgery?

<p>To reduce the likelihood of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is the use of antibiotics prophylactically recommended for surgeries?

<p>For clean contaminated surgeries</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some host factors that may affect a patient's ability to fight off infection during surgery?

<p>Physical condition, nutritional status, age, concurrent metabolic disorders, and current medication</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some methods for reducing infections during surgery?

<p>Principles of aseptic technique, sterilisation of equipment, disinfection of theatre, length of anaesthesia, atraumatic technique, etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most common subtype of Surgical Site Infections (SSI)?

<p>Superficial infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the infection rate range for contaminated wounds?

<p>0-4%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a bacterial infection?

<p>Having more than 105 bacteria per gram of tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of surgical wound has the highest risk of infection development?

<p>Dirty wounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Surgical Site Infections (SSI's)?

<p>Infections of the tissues or organs exposed during an invasive procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred method of administering antibiotics for horses?

<p>Intravenously</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended antibiotic for anaerobic organism coverage in small animals during surgery?

<p>Metronidazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the spectrum of coverage for amoxycillin in small animals?

<p>Good against gram-positive only</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is oxytetracycline used for in horses?

<p>To cover gram-negative bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is the use of antibiotics prophylactically recommended for surgeries?

<p>Only for high-risk surgeries</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a clean contaminated wound?

<p>Cholecystectomy (removal of the gall bladder)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of aseptic surgery?

<p>To reduce the likelihood of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is the use of antibiotics prophylactically recommended for surgeries?

<p>For clean wounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors may affect a patient's ability to fight off infection during surgery?

<p>Age and nutritional status</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most contaminated type of surgical wound?

<p>Dirty</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Surgical Site Infections (SSI)

  • Definition: Bacterial infection that occurs within 30 days after surgery or within 1 year if an implant is left in place.
  • Subtypes: Superficial incisional SSI, Deep incisional SSI, Organ/space SSI.

Types of Surgical Wounds

  • Clean wound: No intrusion into the gastrointestinal, genitourinary, or respiratory tract, e.g., skin lesion excision.
  • Clean-contaminated wound: Entry into the gastrointestinal, genitourinary, or respiratory tract, but without significant spillage, e.g., elective cholecystectomy.
  • Contaminated wound: Gross spillage from the gastrointestinal, genitourinary, or respiratory tract, or inflammatory response, e.g., bowel perforation.
  • Dirty wound: Traumatic wound with retained devitalized tissue, or a surgical wound with a significant amount of non-viable tissue.

Antibiotic Use and Infection Prevention

  • Prophylactic antibiotic use is recommended for surgeries with high risk of infection, such as contaminated or dirty wounds.
  • Primary objective of aseptic surgery is to prevent infection.
  • Factors affecting a patient's ability to fight off infection during surgery: Age, nutrition, underlying disease, and medication.
  • Methods for reducing infections during surgery: Aseptic technique, prophylactic antibiotics, and proper wound care.

Antibiotic Choices for Animals

  • Preferred method for choosing antibiotics for small animals: Culture and sensitivity testing.
  • Preferred antibiotic for anaerobic organism coverage in small animals: Amoxycillin.
  • Preferred method of administering antibiotics for horses: Local administration.
  • Oxytetracycline is used for its broad-spectrum coverage in horses.

Infection Rates and Risk

  • Infection rate range for contaminated wounds: 3.1-11.8%.
  • Highest risk of infection development: Contaminated wounds.
  • Most common subtype of Surgical Site Infections (SSI): Superficial incisional SSI.

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