Questions and Answers
What is the greatest risk of exposure to tuberculosis?
Which numbered portion of the illustration below depicts the bacterial class bacilli?
A person can spread a bacterial infection by which actions? (Select all that apply.)
What are some characteristics of microorganisms? (Select all that apply.)
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Some bacteria are capable of defending against antibiotics by the formation of a?
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What type of asepsis destroys all microorganisms and their spores?
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What is true regarding surgical asepsis?
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What action exemplifies a nurse practicing medical asepsis in performing daily care?
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What bacteria can lie dormant when conditions for growth are not favorable?
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What does a culture and sensitivity test determine?
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What bacterium is responsible for more diseases than any other organism?
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What additional complication does a disease caused by a virus have compared to a disease caused by bacteria?
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What causes ringworm?
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What should the nurse be diligent in to provide a safe environment for the patient?
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What does the nurse describe when giving an example of a fomite vehicle?
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What action indicates the need for further instruction in wound cleaning?
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What type of infection is a urinary tract infection (UTI) considered when a patient admitted with pneumonia develops it?
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Which patient has a systemic infection?
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What assessment is recognized as an inflammatory response in a surgical wound?
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What should the focus of an in-service on the control of health care-associated infections be?
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What is the indicated treatment when a health care worker is stuck by a needle left on the patient's bedside table?
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What technique should the nurse use when disposing of linens contaminated with feces?
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What preventive technique for breaking the chain of infection is most important?
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How long should the nurse perform hand hygiene before beginning care of a patient?
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How often should the nurse change masks while performing complex patient care?
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What should the nurse use to discard a used syringe?
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What intervention should the nurse implement when transporting a patient in respiratory isolation?
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What should the nurse do to help minimize feelings of psychological or emotional deprivation in an isolated patient?
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What observation demonstrates the need for more instruction on surgical asepsis?
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What direction should the label on a sterile solution bottle be in for appropriate technique?
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What method is used to kill all microorganisms, including spores?
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What should the nurse spray blood spilled from a specimen container with after donning gloves?
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Which laboratory result is indicative of an infection?
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What can result from the nurse consistently performing hand hygiene and using sterile supplies?
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What is the nonspecific to specific symptom stage of an infection?
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What is the most dependable method for sterilizing instruments for the operating room?
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What contribution did Joseph Lister make to medical practice?
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How is Rocky Mountain spotted fever contracted?
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What is the most likely type of infection in a puncture wound of the foot?
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How can anthrax be transmitted?
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What example will the nurse provide as an example of a vector?
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What type of organism causes malaria?
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What assessment finding is consistent with tuberculosis?
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Study Notes
Surgical Asepsis and Medical Asepsis
- Surgical asepsis, also known as sterile technique, is vital for preventing infections during procedures.
- Medical asepsis focuses on cleanliness and preventing the spread of pathogens; keeping bed linens off the floor exemplifies this.
Bacterial Forms and Infections
- Bacteria can form spores, which are dormant states occurring under unfavorable conditions; spores allow for survival in harsh environments.
- Sensitivity tests help determine which antibiotics effectively stop bacterial growth, crucial for targeted treatments.
Common Bacteria and Their Impact
- Streptococcus is the leading bacterium responsible for a wide array of diseases compared to other organisms.
Viral vs. Bacterial Infections
- Viral infections, unlike bacterial ones, are not treatable with antibiotics; they require different management strategies.
- Ringworm, often a concern for patients, is caused by fungi, not worms or other pathogens.
Infection Prevention Practices
- Hand hygiene is the most important measure in breaking the chain of infection, essential for nurses between patient interactions.
- A fomite, such as a contaminated stethoscope, can serve as a vehicle for transmitting infections.
Recognizing Inflammatory Responses
- Signs of inflammation in surgical wounds include rubor (redness) and edema (swelling); these indicate potential infections.
Infection Control Education
- Staff education on aseptic practices is fundamental for controlling health care-associated infections in practice settings.
Needlestick Injuries and Response
- Needlestick injuries require prompt reporting and treatment, specifically for managing potential exposure to hepatitis B.
Proper Handling of Contaminated Materials
- When disposing of linens contaminated with feces, standard precautions require only the use of gloves, not more extensive protective measures.
Psychological Considerations in Isolation
- Patients in isolation may experience psychological distress; spending extra time with these patients helps alleviate feelings of deprivation.
Aseptic Technique Observations
- It is crucial not to touch the edges of a sterile field as they are considered non-sterile, emphasizing the need for strict adherence to surgical asepsis.
Sterilization Methods
- Sterilization effectively eliminates all microorganisms, including spores, with steam under pressure being the most dependable method.
Transmission of Diseases
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever is contracted through tick bites; it is not contagious among humans.
- Malaria results from protozoa transmitted by mosquito bites; understanding vectors is essential for disease prevention.
Identifying Infections in Patients
- Tuberculosis symptoms include hemoptysis (coughing up blood), with greatest exposure risk occurring before a diagnosis is made.
Infection Control Standards
- Correct disposal of sharp instruments requires designated puncture-proof containers to avoid injury and contamination.
General Microorganism Characteristics
- Microorganisms can be infectious and may enter the body through various routes such as skin, air, or blood; pathogens specifically lead to diseases.
Bacterial Transmission Methods
- Bacterial infections can spread through actions like kissing, sneezing, or improper disposal of tissues, highlighting the importance of hygiene practices.### Characteristics of Microorganisms
- Antibiotic resistance is a concern; some bacteria can defend against antibiotics.
- Bacteria may form a capsule, a sticky protein layer that blocks antibiotic entry into the cell.
Bacterial Capsules
- Capsules enhance bacterial survival by preventing antibiotic penetration.
- Understanding bacterial structures is crucial for effective treatment strategies.
Asepsis
- Surgical asepsis entails the complete destruction of all microorganisms and their spores.
- Essential for maintaining sterile conditions in surgical settings to prevent infections.
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Test your knowledge on asepsis and infection control with these flashcards from Nursing Chapter 7. Understand the principles of surgical and medical asepsis, as well as their applications in practice. Perfect for nursing students preparing for exams.