World Wars Overview Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following was a key component of radio kits in the 1920s-1930s?

  • A wire and a crystal quartz (correct)
  • A battery and a speaker
  • A microphone and an antenna
  • A vacuum tube

The Supreme Court of Canada initially ruled that women were included in the definition of 'person' under the BNA Act.

False (B)

What was the name of the women's basketball team that won 95% of their games?

Edmonton Grads

The ______ Crisis of 1922 was a key event highlighting Canada's growing autonomy.

<p>Chanak</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following events with their significance in Canada's growing autonomy:

<p>The Chanak Crisis = Canada's refusal to automatically support Britain in conflict The Halibut Treaty = Canada's first treaty signed independently from Britain The King-Byng Affair = Highlighted the Governor General's role in Canadian politics The Balfour Declaration = Recognized Canada as an autonomous community within the British Empire</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a major battle of World War II?

<p>Battle of Gettysburg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Statute of Westminster (1931) increased Canadian autonomy.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one of the main Axis powers during World War II.

<p>Germany, Italy, or Japan</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ___________ was a period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology and agriculture of the American and Canadian prairies during the 1930s.

<p>Dust Bowl</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organizations with their primary function:

<p>NORAD = System to detect incoming aerial attacks NATO = Defense alliance to protect Europe DEW = Joined American and Canadian radar units Bill of Rights = Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Canadian Prime Minister introduced the Bill of Rights?

<p>John Diefenbaker (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Great Depression had no impact on Canada.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a result of WWII?

<p>The increase in the price of gold (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these was NOT a member of the Triple Entente?

<p>Germany (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The conditions in the trenches during WWI were generally comfortable and safe.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the strategy called where one side aims to wear down the enemy by inflicting continuous losses?

<p>attrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

Canadian soldiers used the strategy of '____________' to successfully capture Vimy Ridge.

<p>leapfrogging</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of aircraft during WWI?

<p>Reconnaissance and bombing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following descriptions to their corresponding WWI concepts:

<p>Military Service Act = Drafted men into military service War Measures Act = Gave the government extensive powers to ensure national security Internment Camps = Response to fear of enemy allies and held individuals of German and Austro-Hungarian descent One Big Union = Labour movement aimed to unite all workers</p> Signup and view all the answers

The War Measures Act was only used during World War I and never again in Canadian history.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What challenges did veterans face after returning from WWI?

<p>finding employment, adjusting to life after combat, and dealing with physical and mental scars</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Chanak Crisis (1922)

The Chanak Crisis of 1922 involved a dispute between Turkey and Greece over the control of the Chanak region, a strategically crucial area in the Straits of the Dardanelles. Canada's independent stance during this crisis, refusing to automatically join Britain in a military response, marked a significant shift towards greater autonomy.

Halibut Treaty (1923)

In 1923, Canada signed the Halibut Treaty with the United States without British involvement. This move symbolized a crucial step in Canada's pursuit of independent diplomacy.

King-Byng Affair (1926)

The King-Byng Affair of 1926 witnessed a constitutional crisis when Canada's Governor General, Lord Byng, refused to grant Prime Minister Mackenzie King's request to dissolve parliament and call an election. This heightened tensions between Canada and Britain, ultimately leading to the Balfour Declaration.

Balfour Declaration (1926)

The Balfour Declaration of 1926 formally recognized Canada's status as a 'autonomous community within the British Empire', granting it its own dominion status. This declaration signified a major step in Canada's journey toward full independence.

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Triple Entente

A military alliance formed before WWI, comprised of France, Russia, and Great Britain. They stood united against the Triple Alliance.

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Triple Alliance

A military alliance formed before WWI, comprised of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. They aimed to counter the Triple Entente and maintain power in Europe.

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Attrition Warfare

A military strategy that involves continuous attacks and attrition, aiming to wear down the enemy by inflicting heavy losses in personnel and equipment.

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Battle of Vimy Ridge

A battle during WWI where Canadian troops successfully captured a crucial ridge by using a tactical maneuver called 'leapfrogging'.

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Battle of Passchendaele

A brutal battle during WWI where Canadian soldiers faced harsh conditions and fought to capture the village of Passchendaele, resulting in heavy casualties.

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War Measures Act

A Canadian law passed during WWI, granting the government extensive powers to ensure national security, including censorship, internment, and economic regulation. It was controversial due to civil rights concerns.

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One Big Union

A labor movement in Canada and the United States that aimed to unite all workers, regardless of trade, into a single union. They sought greater bargaining power with employers.

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Internment Camps

Camps established by the Canadian government during WWI to detain people considered threats to national security, primarily those of German or Austro-Hungarian descent. Conditions were harsh and included forced labor.

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The Great Depression

A period of economic downturn marked by widespread unemployment, business failures, and poverty, triggered by the Wall Street Crash of 1929.

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Totalitarianism

A political system characterized by a centralized, authoritarian government with suppression of dissent and control over all aspects of society.

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NORAD (North American Aerospace Defense Command)

A system of defense cooperation between Canada and the United States, established in 1958 in response to the growing threat of Soviet nuclear attack during the Cold War.

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DEW Line (Distant Early Warning Line)

A line of radar stations located in northern Canada and Greenland, built during the Cold War to detect incoming Soviet bombers.

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NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

A military alliance formed in 1949 by Western countries to counter Soviet expansionism after World War II.

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The Statute of Westminster

A landmark event in 1931 granting Canada and other dominions of the British Empire greater autonomy and self-government.

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Canadian Bill of Rights

A system designed to protect individual civil rights and freedoms from government infringement, implemented in Canada in 1960.

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The 1960s in Canada

A period of significant social and cultural change in Canada during the 1960s, marked by increased youth activism, feminism, and civil rights advancements.

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Study Notes

World War One (WW1)

  • Triple Entente: Great Britain, France, Russia
  • Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
  • Trench warfare: Soldiers fought from trenches, creating stalemates. Harsh conditions (mud, rats, disease)
  • Attrition: Strategy to wear down the enemy by inflicting continuous losses in personnel and material.
  • Battles:
    • Battle of Vimy Ridge (1917): Canadians captured the ridge using "leapfrogging"
    • Battle of Passchendaele (1917): Known for horrific conditions, Canadians fought for the village.
    • Battle of Somme (1916): A major battle.
    • Battle of Ypres (1915): Early poison gas attacks, Canadians were among the first to face them

Innovations

  • Tanks: Designed to break through enemy lines, provide infantry support.
  • Aircraft: Used for reconnaissance, targeting strategic locations and later for bombing enemy positions.

World War Two (WW2)

Allies

  • Great Britain, United States, France, The Soviet Union

Axis Powers

  • Germany, Italy, Japan

War Measures Act of 1914

  • Gave the government extraordinary powers for national security.

Internment Camps

  • During both World Wars, internment camps were set up due to concerns about enemy nationals.

Canadian Contributions (WW2)

  • Camp X
  • Hawker Hurricane fighter jets
  • Other significant contributions to the war effort.

Major Battles (Land, Sea, Air) (WW2)

  • Battle of Britain
  • Attack on Pearl Harbor

Land Battles (WW2)

  • Battle of Normandy (D-Day)

Sea Battles (WW2)

  • Battle of the Atlantic: U-boats (submarines)

1920s Canada

  • Growing Autonomy: Canada asserted its sovereignty, moving away from British control in foreign affairs.
    • The Chanak Crisis (1922): Canada refused to send troops without Parliament's approval, showing a shift from automatic British control.
    • The Halibut Treaty (1923): Canada signed a treaty with the U.S. regarding fishing rights without British approval.
    • The King-Byng Affair (1926): A constitutional crisis between Prime Minister Mackenzie King and Governor General Byng.
  • Economic Development: Technological advances in transportation and communication
  • Fashion, and changing social norms: Fashion underwent significant change reflecting broader cultural shifts.

Statute of Westminster (1931)

  • Officially granted Canada full legislative independence from Britain.

1930s

  • Great Depression: Economic hardship across Canada.
  • Stock Market Crash: Triggered the Great Depression, causing significant economic hardship to many Canadians.
  • Dust Bowl: Extreme drought and dust storms affected Canadian farming communities

1950s Post War Canada

  • Increased Economic Activity: Saw a boom as Canada transitioned to peacetime.
  • Currency Changes, Inflation: Canadian dollar's value relative to the US dollar.
  • Diefenbaker: Known for making Canada a middle power and for peacekeeping efforts, with the cancellation of the AVRO Arrow project.
  • Minorities: Faced discrimination and prejudice.

1960s

  • Social and political upheaval: Rebellion, questioning existing social and economic norms.
  • Crises/Conflicts: The Cold War, the October Crisis.
  • Economic, Social and Political events: Unity crisis in Quebec, the establishment of multiculturalism

Specific Events

  • Bill of Rights: Defenbaker introduced this
  • NORAD: North American Air Defense System, joint effort with the US.

1980s

  • Charter of Rights and Freedoms: Created by Trudeau, an important document protecting the rights and freedoms of Canadians

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