World War II: Key Events

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Questions and Answers

What was the primary objective of the Lend-Lease Act during World War II?

  • To officially declare war against Germany and Japan.
  • To provide military aid to Allied nations without direct US involvement. (correct)
  • To establish trade agreements with Axis powers to maintain neutrality.
  • To financially compensate US citizens affected by the Great Depression.

How did the Tripartite Pact impact the alignment of powers during World War II?

  • It was a non-aggression pact between Germany and the Soviet Union.
  • It formalized the alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan as the Axis powers. (correct)
  • It established a military alliance between the US, Britain, and France.
  • It created a trade agreement between the Allied and Axis nations.

What was the main goal of the Manhattan Project during World War II?

  • To develop advanced radar technology for detecting enemy aircraft.
  • To decipher enemy codes and communications.
  • To develop atomic weapons before Germany could. (correct)
  • To create a strategic alliance with the Soviet Union against Nazi Germany.

What was the significance of the Munich Conference in the lead-up to World War II?

<p>It demonstrated the policy of appeasement towards Hitler's expansionist demands. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did women primarily play in the United States during World War II?

<p>They entered the workforce in large numbers to fill jobs previously held by men and served in various military roles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a key characteristic of the 'Phony War'?

<p>A period of relative inactivity on the Western Front after the invasion of Poland. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What critical strategic objective did the Battle of Stalingrad achieve for the Allied forces?

<p>It marked the turning point on the Eastern Front, halting Germany's advance into the Soviet Union. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary objective of Doolittle's Raid in 1942?

<p>To launch a retaliatory attack on Tokyo and boost American morale. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the Neutrality Acts passed in the United States during the 1930s?

<p>To keep the United States out of potential European conflicts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the attack on Pearl Harbor significantly change the course of World War II?

<p>It prompted the United States to officially enter the war against the Axis powers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the 'Final Solution' implemented by the Nazis during World War II?

<p>A systematic plan to exterminate Jewish people and other targeted groups. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Blitzkrieg tactic employed by Nazi Germany during World War II?

<p>A 'lightning war' strategy using rapid, coordinated attacks. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor played the most significant role in Truman's decision to use atomic bombs against Japan?

<p>To secure a quick end to the war and minimize potential American casualties. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the non-aggression pact between the USSR and Germany influence the start of World War II?

<p>It allowed Germany to invade Poland without Soviet intervention, initiating the war. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary Allied response to the Battle of Britain?

<p>A strategy of strategic bombing and defensive actions to prevent a German invasion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did rationing impact civilians during World War II?

<p>It ensured equal access to essential goods that were in short supply. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of Japanese internment on the lives of Japanese Americans during World War II?

<p>They were forced to relocate to internment camps, losing property and civil liberties. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of leaders comprised the key figures of the Axis powers during World War II?

<p>Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, and Emperor Hirohito (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the GI Bill following World War II?

<p>To offer educational and housing assistance to returning veterans. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which name is associated with the plane that dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima?

<p>Enola Gay (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Lend-Lease Act

Allowed the U.S. to provide military aid to foreign nations during World War II.

Tripartite Pact

Germany, Italy, and Japan formed this alliance, opposing the Allied powers.

Manhattan Project

A secret project during World War II to develop the first nuclear weapons.

Nazi's Final Solution

A Nazi plan for the genocide of Jews during World War II.

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Appeasement

A policy of giving concessions to aggressive powers to avoid conflict.

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Phony War

Also known as 'The Bore War' and 'Sitzkrieg', the Phony War was a phase in early World War II marked by a lack of major military operations by the Western Allies against Nazi Germany. It was called the 'Phony War' because there was little to no fighting despite the declaration of war.

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Battle of Britain

A military campaign of the Second World War, in which the Royal Air Force (RAF) defended the United Kingdom against large-scale attacks by Nazi Germany's air force, the Luftwaffe.

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Japanese Internment

The confinement of Japanese Americans during World War II.

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Rationing

Controlled distribution of scarce resources.

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Pearl Harbor

The surprise attack by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service upon the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941.

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Blitzkrieg

A tactic combining rapid advances with air power.

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Battle of Stalingrad

A major battle on the Eastern Front of World War II in which Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad in Southern Russia.

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Munich Conference

A conference in Munich where European powers allowed Nazi Germany to annex portions of Czechoslovakia.

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Neutrality Acts of 1930's

Laws enacted in the United States in the 1930s to limit its involvement in future wars.

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GI Bill

A United States federal law that established benefits for military personnel returning from World War II.

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Doolittle's Raid

A short yet significant offensive strike against Japan by the United States during World War II.

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Benito Mussolini

An Italian politician and journalist who founded and led the National Fascist Party.

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Franklin D. Roosevelt

The 32nd president of the United States, who led the country during a time of worldwide depression and war.

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Axis Powers

This was the name of the group of countries that opposed the Allied powers in World War II.

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Allies

This refers to the twenty-fifth amendment which details what happens in the event that the president resigns or is removed from power.

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Study Notes

  • Lend-Lease Act: A program by which the US supplied Allied nations with materiel between 1941 and 1945.
  • US view during early years of the war: Isolationist, aiming to stay neutral.
  • GI Bill: Provided benefits to returning WWII veterans, such as home loans, education, and unemployment compensation.
  • Tripartite Pact: An agreement between Germany, Italy, and Japan, establishing the Axis powers.

Pearl Harbor

  • Pearl Harbor: US Naval base attacked by Japan on December 7, 1941, leading to US entry into WWII.
  • Names of ships at Pearl Harbor: USS Arizona, USS Oklahoma, USS West Virginia, USS California, USS Nevada, USS Tennessee, USS Maryland, USS Pennsylvania.
  • Manhattan Project: The research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons.
  • USSR and non-aggression pact: The Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, was a neutrality pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed in Moscow on 23 August 1939.
  • Nazi’s Final Solution: The Nazi plan to exterminate the Jewish people.
  • Appeasement: A diplomatic policy aimed at avoiding war by making concessions to an aggressor.

Atomic Bombs

  • Atomic Bombs: Nuclear weapons dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki by the US during WWII.
  • Phony War: A phase in early WWII marked by a lack of major military operations on the Western Front.
  • Groups Hitler Targeted: Jews, Romani, disabled people, homosexuals, political and religious opponents
  • Battle of Britain: An air campaign waged by the German Luftwaffe against Britain in 1940.
  • Japanese Internment: The forced relocation and incarceration of Japanese Americans during WWII.
  • Rationing: Controlled distribution of scarce resources during wartime.
  • Doolittle’s Raid: An air raid by the US on Tokyo in 1942.
  • Role of Women: Women took on jobs and roles previously held by men, contributing to the war effort.
  • Munich Conference: A meeting in 1938 where Britain and France allowed Hitler to annex parts of Czechoslovakia.

Neutrality Acts of 1930’s

  • Neutrality Acts of 1930’s: Laws enacted in the United States in the 1930s to limit U.S. involvement in future wars.
  • Blitzkrieg: An intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory.
  • Battle of Stalingrad: A major battle on the Eastern Front where Soviet forces defeated Nazi Germany.
  • Truman and use of Atomic Bombs: President Truman made the decision to use atomic bombs on Japan.
  • Adolf Hitler: The dictator of Nazi Germany.
  • Benito Mussolini: The dictator of Fascist Italy.
  • Winston Churchill: The Prime Minister of Britain during WWII.
  • Joseph Stalin: The leader of the Soviet Union during WWII.
  • Enola Gay: The name of the B-29 bomber that dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima.
  • Nazism: The political ideology and practices associated with the Nazi Party in Nazi Germany.
  • Fascism: A political ideology that exalts nation and race above the individual.
  • Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, and Japan.
  • Allies: Britain, France, the Soviet Union, the United States, and China.
  • Robert Oppenheimer: The lead scientist on the Manhattan Project.

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