Questions and Answers
What nations formed the Triple Alliance?
Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary
What European nations formed the Triple Entente?
Great Britain, France, Russia
What is 'militarism'?
A policy of aggressive military preparedness; glorification of the military
What caused a rise in tensions between European nations?
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What event triggered the war in Europe?
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Who were the Allies and who were the Central Powers?
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Why did many Americans support the British?
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Which side did American businesses support?
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When and why did Germany announce they would sink any ship found near Britain's coast?
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Why did a German U-boat sink the passenger ship Lusitania?
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Why did Germany promise to stop sinking merchant ships without warning?
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What events caused the United States to declare war?
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What was the War Industries Board?
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What did the Food Administration do?
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What did the Fuel Administration manage?
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What ways did the United States pay for the war?
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What was the Selective Service?
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Were all U.S. soldiers drafted during World War I?
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How did many African American soldiers serve in World War I?
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In what roles did women serve during the war?
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How did Mexican Americans contribute to World War I?
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What was one main idea regarding weapons during World War I?
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In 1914, warfare changed with the use of what?
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To protect themselves from artillery fire, the troops did what?
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What methods did the Germans and the British use to break through enemy lines?
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What new technologies were used in combat during WWI?
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What was a sentiment among many Germans when Americans entered WWI?
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What was the effect of using convoys at sea during WWI?
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Study Notes
Triple Alliance and Triple Entente
- The Triple Alliance consisted of Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary.
- Great Britain, France, and Russia formed the Triple Entente.
Militarism and Tensions
- Militarism emphasizes aggressive military preparedness and glorifies military might.
- Key factors raising tensions in Europe included imperialism, nationalistic sentiments, shifting borders, and pre-existing alliances summarized by the acronym MAIN.
Triggering Events
- The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo in 1914 triggered the onset of World War I.
Allies and Central Powers
- The Allies were comprised of the Triple Entente nations: Great Britain, France, and Russia.
- The Central Powers included the remnants of the Triple Alliance (Germany and Austria-Hungary) alongside the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria.
American Support
- Many Americans supported the British due to shared cultural ties and the influence of British propaganda.
- American businesses had strong connections to the Allies, with many banks investing in an Allied victory.
Germany's Naval Policies
- In 1915, Germany announced a policy to sink any ships found near Britain's coast due to British blockades affecting German ports.
- The German U-boat sank the Lusitania, as it was located in British coastal waters, which were designated as a war zone.
U.S. Entry into the War
- Germany promised to halt the indiscriminate sinking of merchant ships to avoid provoking U.S. entry into the conflict.
- The Zimmermann Telegram prompted the United States to declare war, where Germany suggested Mexico regain lost territories in exchange for their alliance.
War Mobilization Efforts
- The War Industries Board coordinated the production of war materials and was the most significant agency formed by Congress.
- The Food Administration aimed to increase domestic food production, led by Herbert Hoover.
- The Fuel Administration managed coal and oil resources during the war.
Financing the War
- The U.S. funded the war effort through increased income tax rates and the sale of Liberty and Victory Bonds.
Labor during the War
- Industries sought labor from women, African-Americans, and Mexicans to fill workforce gaps.
Limitations on Liberties
- The Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 were laws that restricted citizens' liberties.
Draft and Service Composition
- Selective Service established a system to draft men into military service.
- About two million U.S. soldiers volunteered for service rather than being drafted.
Diversity in the Military
- African American soldiers served in racially segregated units but demonstrated valor.
- Women participated in noncombat roles, including clerical and medical tasks in the armed forces.
- Mexican Americans volunteered for service in greater numbers than any other minority group during the war.
Impact of Warfare Technology
- The war introduced powerful artillery that devastated landscapes and resulted in millions of deaths.
- Troops dug trenches for protection against artillery fire.
- Germans utilized poison gas, while British forces deployed armored tanks to breach enemy lines.
- World War I was notable for the first use of airplanes and zeppelins in combat.
American Influence on War Morale
- Upon U.S. entry into WWI, many Germans believed their chances of winning were diminished.
- The implementation of convoy systems significantly reduced shipping losses and protected lives at sea.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key concepts and nations involved in World War I with these flashcards. Review crucial alliances such as the Triple Alliance and Triple Entente, and understand terms like militarism that escalated tensions in Europe. This quiz is a perfect study aid for history enthusiasts and students alike.