Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which approach to international relations (IR) focuses on the importance of institutions and interdependence?
Which approach to international relations (IR) focuses on the importance of institutions and interdependence?
- Neorealism
- Social constructivism
- Liberalism (correct)
- Realism
What are the key problems addressed by established IR traditions?
What are the key problems addressed by established IR traditions?
- Terrorism and security, economic growth and trade, cultural exchange
- Technological innovation, demographic shifts, regional integration
- Human rights violations, environmental sustainability, global governance
- War and peace, conflict and cooperation, wealth and poverty (correct)
Which approach challenges the established traditions in IR including realism and liberalism?
Which approach challenges the established traditions in IR including realism and liberalism?
- Neoliberalism
- Utopian liberalism
- Neorealism
- Post-positivist approaches (correct)
What is the focus of International Society in the study of IR?
What is the focus of International Society in the study of IR?
Which of the following is a major classical theoretical tradition in IR?
Which of the following is a major classical theoretical tradition in IR?
What are the two major debates that have shaped IR thinking since its inception?
What are the two major debates that have shaped IR thinking since its inception?
Which academic fields have influenced the academic subject of IR?
Which academic fields have influenced the academic subject of IR?
What characterizes contemporary IR?
What characterizes contemporary IR?
What are the newer theoretical approaches that have gained prominence in recent decades?
What are the newer theoretical approaches that have gained prominence in recent decades?
What has influenced the development of IR thinking?
What has influenced the development of IR thinking?
What characterizes the current debate in IR?
What characterizes the current debate in IR?
How is IR theory perceived?
How is IR theory perceived?
What are some topics covered by contemporary IR?
What are some topics covered by contemporary IR?
Which theoretical approach focuses on power politics and national interest?
Which theoretical approach focuses on power politics and national interest?
What are some major historical events that have influenced IR thinking?
What are some major historical events that have influenced IR thinking?
Who played a significant role in the outcome of the First World War?
Who played a significant role in the outcome of the First World War?
Which conference attempted to establish a new international order based on liberal ideas?
Which conference attempted to establish a new international order based on liberal ideas?
What did Wilson's Fourteen Points address include?
What did Wilson's Fourteen Points address include?
Who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1919 for their efforts?
Who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1919 for their efforts?
'Wilson or Lenin' sentiment reflected the appeal of whose vision?
'Wilson or Lenin' sentiment reflected the appeal of whose vision?
'Wilsonian idealism' aimed to achieve permanent peace through what?
'Wilsonian idealism' aimed to achieve permanent peace through what?
What was Wilson's legacy according to liberal thinkers?
What was Wilson's legacy according to liberal thinkers?
What did Wilson emphasize in his vision of making the world safe for democracy?
What did Wilson emphasize in his vision of making the world safe for democracy?
According to liberal thinkers, what do democratic governments not do against each other?
According to liberal thinkers, what do democratic governments not do against each other?
What did Wilson believe about his goals?
What did Wilson believe about his goals?
Where did academic IR develop first and most strongly?
Where did academic IR develop first and most strongly?
Which organ of the League of Nations met three times a year and contained fifteen members including France, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union as permanent members?
Which organ of the League of Nations met three times a year and contained fifteen members including France, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union as permanent members?
What was the underlying philosophy of the League of Nations?
What was the underlying philosophy of the League of Nations?
What empowered the League to institute economic or military sanctions against a recalcitrant state?
What empowered the League to institute economic or military sanctions against a recalcitrant state?
What marked the beginning of a severe economic crisis in Western countries that lasted until the Second World War?
What marked the beginning of a severe economic crisis in Western countries that lasted until the Second World War?
Who ridiculed Wilson’s Fourteen Points by pointing out that even God Almighty could do with ten?
Who ridiculed Wilson’s Fourteen Points by pointing out that even God Almighty could do with ten?
'The Twenty Years’ Crisis' was critiqued by which British IR scholar?
'The Twenty Years’ Crisis' was critiqued by which British IR scholar?
Who argued that liberal IR thinkers profoundly misread the facts of history and misunderstood the nature of international relations?
Who argued that liberal IR thinkers profoundly misread the facts of history and misunderstood the nature of international relations?
According to E. H. Carr, what is the correct starting point for understanding international relations?
According to E. H. Carr, what is the correct starting point for understanding international relations?
Who brought realism to the US with great success through 'Politics among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace'?
Who brought realism to the US with great success through 'Politics among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace'?
Who argued that human nature was at the base of international relations, and humans were self-interested and power-seeking?
Who argued that human nature was at the base of international relations, and humans were self-interested and power-seeking?
Who pursued blatantly aggressive foreign policies aimed at conflict, not cooperation, in the late 1930s?
Who pursued blatantly aggressive foreign policies aimed at conflict, not cooperation, in the late 1930s?
According to the text, what did Woodrow Wilson's view international relations as?
According to the text, what did Woodrow Wilson's view international relations as?
Which idea is reminiscent of Woodrow Wilson's belief in a permanent peace through international organization?
Which idea is reminiscent of Woodrow Wilson's belief in a permanent peace through international organization?
What did Norman Angell argue in 'The Great Illusion'?
What did Norman Angell argue in 'The Great Illusion'?
According to the text, what makes war increasingly obsolete?
According to the text, what makes war increasingly obsolete?
What dominated in the first phase of academic International Relations?
What dominated in the first phase of academic International Relations?
What served as precursors to liberal ideas in International Relations?
What served as precursors to liberal ideas in International Relations?
What shattered Woodrow Wilson's hopes for peace through democratic civilization?
What shattered Woodrow Wilson's hopes for peace through democratic civilization?
Why did the League of Nations fail to meet expectations?
Why did the League of Nations fail to meet expectations?
Why did the United States refuse to join the League of Nations?
Why did the United States refuse to join the League of Nations?
What was a significant factor contributing to Wilson's hopes for peace being shattered?
What was a significant factor contributing to Wilson's hopes for peace being shattered?
'Wilsonian idealism' aimed to achieve permanent peace through what?
'Wilsonian idealism' aimed to achieve permanent peace through what?
Study Notes
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The First World War was influenced by liberal ideas, with academics attributing the conflict to the egoistic and short-sighted calculations of autocratic leaders in heavily militarized countries, particularly Germany and Austria.
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Woodrow Wilson, a liberal democratic US president, played a significant role in the war's outcome, bringing liberal democratic values to Europe and the world to prevent future conflicts.
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Academic IR developed first and most strongly in the liberal democratic states of the US and Great Britain.
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The Paris Peace Conference in 1919 attempted to establish a new international order based on liberal ideas, with Wilson's vision of promoting democracy and self-determination and creating an international organization, the League of Nations.
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Wilson's ideas, known as Wilsonian idealism, aimed to put an end to war and achieve permanent peace through rational international organizations, institutions, and laws.
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The popular sentiment after the war was 'Wilson or Lenin,' reflecting the appeal of Wilson's vision of making the world 'safe for democracy.'
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Wilson's Fourteen Points address to Congress in January 1918 outlined his vision, including the promotion of democracy and self-determination, and the establishment of a League of Nations.
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Wilson received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1919 for his efforts.
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Liberal thinkers believed that democratic governments do not go to war against each other, making the growth of liberal democracy in Europe crucial for peace.
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Wilson's legacy was the belief that international institutions can promote peaceful cooperation among states and that liberal democracy is related to peace.
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Wilson's vision of making the world safe for democracy emphasized the importance of securing the rights and freedoms of nations and their peoples.
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Wilson's goals were not selfish, seeking no material compensation or conquest, but rather a commitment to making the world a better place for all.
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Woodrow Wilson's view of international relations: a 'jungle' where strong and cunning rule versus a 'zoo' with international organization under the League of Nations
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Wilson's belief in a permanent peace through international organization is reminiscent of Immanuel Kant and Norman Angell's liberal ideas
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Angell's argument in "The Great Illusion" that war is no longer profitable due to high costs and international commerce disruption, leading to a need for international law to regulate interdependence
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Modernization and interdependence make war increasingly obsolete, according to Wilson and Angell
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Liberal ideas dominated in the first phase of academic International Relations
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The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 served as precursors to these liberal ideas, dealing with rules for warfare and peaceful dispute resolution
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Political and economic developments in the 1920s and 1930s, including the rise of fascist dictatorships and authoritarianism, shattered Wilson's hopes for peace through democratic civilization
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The League of Nations, intended to be a strong international organization, failed to meet these expectations due to non-participation by major powers and internal strife
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The United States, the strongest state in the system, refused to join the League due to isolationist sentiments.
Note: The above bullet points are based on the provided text and aim to convey the essential ideas and facts, providing context when necessary.
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Description
Explore the influence of liberal ideas on the understanding of World War I and international relations. Learn about the factors that led to the continuation of the war and the perspectives of liberal thinkers on the conflict.
