World War I: Alliances and Key Events

Study Notes

The Triple Entente consisted of France, Russia, and Britain, while the Triple Alliance was formed by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.
Women served in various roles during WWI, including nurses and support staff.
Rationing was implemented to conserve resources during wartime by limiting the amount of goods people could purchase.
The Battle of the Somme, Battle of Verdun, and Battle of Ypres were significant battles during WWI.
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in Sarajevo by a Serbian nationalist triggered WWI.
The War Time Elections Act in Canada allowed women who were close relatives of men serving overseas to vote.
The War Guilt Clause in the Treaty of Versailles assigned blame for WWI to Germany.
The Convoy System was a protective strategy where merchant ships traveled in groups escorted by warships to defend against submarine attacks.
Conscription was the mandatory enlistment of civilians into military service during wartime.

Prohibition was a period in the US when the production, sale, and transportation of alcohol were banned.
Rebecca Felton became the first female Senator in the US.
The Famous Five were five Canadian women who fought for women's rights, including the right to be recognized as persons under the law.
The discovery of insulin revolutionized the treatment of diabetes.
The Indian Act was legislation in Canada regulating the lives of Indigenous peoples.
Flappers were young women in the 1920s who challenged traditional norms through their dress and behavior.
The Person's Case was a legal case in Canada where women were recognized as "persons" under the law, leading to broader rights for women.

The Great Depression was an economic downturn triggered by the stock market crash of 1929, worsened by factors like overproduction and banking failures.
Buying-on-credit contributed to debt during the Great Depression.
The Canadian Pension Plan was a social security program providing income to retired Canadians.
The On-to-Ottawa Trek was a protest movement by unemployed men during the Great Depression.
Tommy Douglas introduced publicly funded healthcare in Canada.

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) is a military alliance formed to counter Soviet influence.
NORAD (North American Aerospace Defense Command) is a joint US-Canada defense organization.
The Arms Race was a competition between the US and the Soviet Union to build up military weapons and technology.
The Soviet Union and the United States were the two dominant world powers after WWII.
The Iron Curtain referred to the division between Communist and non-Communist countries in Europe.
John Diefenbaker introduced the Canadian Bill of Rights.
Pierre Trudeau's vision of a fair and just society was known as the Just Society.
The United Nations was formed after WWII to promote peace and cooperation.
The Charter of Rights and Freedoms is part of the Canadian Constitution guaranteeing fundamental rights and freedoms.

The Holocaust was a genocide perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II, resulting in the systematic murder of six million Jews and millions of others.
Residential Schools were institutions where Indigenous children in Canada were forcibly sent to assimilate them into Euro-Canadian culture, leading to widespread abuse and cultural loss.
The Suffrage Movement was a political campaign advocating for women's right to vote.
Vimy Ridge was a significant battle during World War I where Canadian forces achieved a major victory over the Germans, often considered a defining moment in Canadian history.
The Treaty of Versailles was the peace treaty that ended World War I.