World Religions: Universalizing and Ethnic Faiths
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes a universalizing religion?

  • Associated with a specific group or culture.
  • Aim to appeal to all people. (correct)
  • Practiced only in one geographic location.
  • Focused on ancestral worship.

Which of the following best describes an ethnic religion?

  • Associated with a specific group or culture. (correct)
  • Aim to appeal to all people.
  • Focused on converting new members.
  • Practiced all over the world.

Which of the following is a branch of Christianity?

  • Catholicism (correct)
  • Shia
  • Sunni
  • Theravada

Which of the following is a branch of Islam?

<p>Sunni (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a branch of Buddhism?

<p>Theravada (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is syncretism in the context of religious beliefs and practices?

<p>The blending of different religions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name three key religions of China.

<p>Daoism, Confucianism, Buddhism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where did Buddhism originate?

<p>India (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where did Christianity originate?

<p>Judea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where did Islam originate?

<p>Mecca (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is relocation diffusion in the context of religion?

<p>The spread of religious practices and beliefs due to migration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify three types of barriers that can hinder the spread of religion.

<p>Cultural, political, and geographical.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of a practice related to the disposal of the dead.

<p>Burial, cremation, exposure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name three types of calendars used in different religions.

<p>Lunar, solar, and lunisolar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the caste system in Hinduism?

<p>A system of social stratification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Conflicts involving religion only occur between communist governments and religious groups.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Universalizing Religions

Religions that attempt to appeal to all people, regardless of culture or location.

Ethnic Religions

Religions associated with a particular ethnic group or region.

Christianity Branches

The three major branches of Christianity.

Islam Branches

The two major branches of Islam.

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Buddhism Branches

The three major branches of Buddhism.

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Syncretism

The blending of different religions or belief systems.

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Ethnic Religions of China

Religions native to China including Daoism, Confucianism and Buddhism.

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Hinduism's Location

India is most strongly affiliated with which religion

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Origin of Islam

The city in Saudi Arabia where Islam originated.

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Relocation Diffusion & Religion

When migrants transplant their religion to a new location.

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Barriers to Religious Spread

Cultural attitudes or government policies that prevent a religion from spreading.

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Religious Architecture

Buildings such as churches, mosques, synagogues, and temples.

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Holy Sites

Sites recognized as having exceptional religious or spiritual significance.

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Pilgrimages

Journeys to sacred places for religious reasons.

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Patterns of Worship

Worship style, either in group or alone

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Religious Toponyms

Place names with religious origins or meanings.

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Hierarchical Religion

A religion with a well-defined structure and central authority.

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Autonomous Religion

A religion without a central authority; local communities are self-governing.

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Disposal of the Dead

Practices such as burial, cremation or exposure.

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Religious Calendars

Calendars are used for religious observances and festivals.

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Caste System

A hierarchical social structure in Hinduism.

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Communism vs. Religion

Governments suppressing religious practices.

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Judaism

Connected to the diaspora, this religion is considered the oldest monotheistic religion.

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Acculturation

The act of one cultural trait influencing or changing another.

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Cultural Imperialism

The dominance of one culture over another

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Religion Definition

The system of beliefs and practices pertaining to the supernatural or sacred

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Secular

The concept of not being connected to a religion or religious organization.

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Religious Geography

The geographic study of the distribution and interaction of religion

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Religious Fundamentalism

Adherence to traditional religious principles in all aspects of life.

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Cultural Syncretism

The merging of different cultural values, forming a new, distinct culture.

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Study Notes

  • Study guide for a chapter test on religion

Universalizing vs. Ethnic Religions

  • Universalizing religions aim to appeal to all people
  • Examples of universalizing religions include Christianity and Islam
  • Ethnic religions are associated with a specific group or culture
  • Examples of ethnic religions include Hinduism and Judaism

Branches of Major Religions

  • Christianity includes Catholicism, Protestantism, and Orthodoxy
  • Islam includes Sunni and Shia
  • Buddhism includes Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana
  • Map out regional distributions and identify key countries for each branch

Syncretism of Religious Beliefs/Practices

  • Syncretism is a blending of different religions

Denominations of Protestant Christianity in the U.S.

  • Identify major denominations and their regional distributions in the U.S.

Ethnic Religions of China

  • Key religions include Daoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism
  • Understand their cultural significance in China

Global Distribution of Religions

  • Map the major world religions, including Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Judaism
  • Understand regional concentrations of each religion

Relationships Among Judaism, Christianity, and Islam

  • Consider historical connections and shared beliefs

Origins & Diffusion

  • Buddhism originated in India and spread to East Asia
  • Christianity originated in Judea and spread throughout the Roman Empire
  • Islam originated in Mecca and spread through conquests and trade
  • Hinduism has ancient roots, with cultural diffusion

Relocation Diffusion & Religion

  • Consider the impact of migration on religious practices and spread

Barriers to Spread of Religion

  • Identify cultural, political, and geographical barriers

Religious Architecture

  • Study the types of places of worship and their significance in cultural landscapes

Holy Sites & Pilgrimages

  • Identify major holy sites for different religions and the importance of pilgrimages

Patterns of Worship

  • Note the differences between congregational and individual worship and regular versus sporadic practices

Religious Toponyms

  • Look at the influence of religion on place names and cultural landscapes

Hierarchical vs. Autonomous Religions

  • Define both types and provide examples

Disposal of the Dead

  • Understand practices like burial, cremation, and exposure in various religions

Calendars and Holy Days

  • Summarize the overview of lunar, solar, and lunisolar calendars used in different religions

Caste System

  • Understand the caste system in Hinduism and its societal implications

Conflicts Involving Religion

  • Note conflicts between communist governments and religious groups
  • Note historical examples of conflicts between different religious groups
  • Note the overview of the Israel-Palestine conflict

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Description

Explore universalizing religions like Christianity and Islam, which seek to appeal to all. Contrast these with ethnic religions such as Hinduism and Judaism, tied to specific cultures. Examine branches, syncretism, and the distribution of faiths.

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