Workplace Health, Safety, and Hygiene

• Occupational health aims to promote physical, mental, and social well-being, prevent health departures from working conditions, protect workers from risks, and adapt work to individuals
• Occupational health focuses on maintaining worker health, improving the work environment, and fostering a supportive work culture, enhancing productivity and social climate
• Safety procedures in the workplace reduce accidents, improve morale and satisfaction, lower insurance and operating costs, and reduce losses from disabling accidents

Personal Hygiene Practices

• Maintain clean hands with short nails
• Wear clean, comfortable clothing
• Use PPE (personal protective equipment) when needed
• Remove jewelry, especially when handling food
• Thoroughly wash hands

Good Housekeeping in Hotels

• Keep the area clean, with a regular cleaning program for equipment and areas
• Eliminate fly breeding by screening and using insecticides when necessary
• Exterminate rodents by preventing food access and using rodent-proof containers

Safety Precautions

• Observing safety precautions promotes work efficiency and prevents accidents
• Accidents result from people, unsafe environments, or defective equipment
• Actions like being in haste or distraction can lead to slips, falls, burns, and damage
• OSH manages workplace risks, essential for effective management beyond just a priority
• OSH risks exist across workplaces, not just in dangerous environments like factories

OSH Responsibilities

• First aid requirements depend on the workplace size
• Workplaces with 25+ people need a trained first-aid provider
• First-aid kits, injury registers, and contact notices are essential
• A first-aid room is needed for workplaces with 200+ office employees
• Ergonomics is vital in offices, often overlooked
• Good workstation ergonomics involves aligning the computer screen, keyboard, person, and chair
• Screen height, keyboard position, and chair height are important
• Footrests and document holders may be required
• Fire control requires separating sources of ignition and combustible materials
• Fire equipment must be available and unobstructed, with trained employees
• Evacuation systems vary based on business size, floors, and people involved
• Ignition sources include heat sources (photocopiers, heaters) and electrical sources (damaged cables)
• Cleaning cloths in cabinets can be a heat source, depending on chemicals used
• Documented evacuation procedures should be communicated, practiced in drills annually
• Evacuation plans differentiate between bomb threats and other emergencies
• Record people's names at the assembly point
• Trained personnel should give first aid
• Inspect electrical cables regularly, and damaged ones must be replaced
• Avoid double adaptors due to fire risk; use power boards or install more outlets
• Ensure electrical switchboards have no combustible/flammable materials nearby
• Untidy offices create hazards like tripping risks and reflect poor management or storage

Chemical Safety

• Follow legal rules even with small quantities of hazardous chemicals
• Compliance with OSH Regulation 2001, including registers, safety sheets, and control measures
• Label containers with product names and hazards
• Maintain comfortable temperatures (22-26 degrees)
• Adjust temperature based on feedback and ensure proper air conditioning and manage sunlight
• Use manual handling procedures when lifting, shifting, or moving heavy items

Hazard Identification

• Work is a key factor affecting health, positively or negatively
• Hazards are potential sources of harm to people, organizations, or equipment
• Workplace hazards include substances, materials, processes, or practices

Types of Workplace Hazards

• Safety hazards involve inadequate machine guards and unsafe conditions/practices
• Biological hazards are organisms like viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites
• Chemical hazards are solids, liquids, vapors, gases, dust, fumes, or mist
• Ergonomic hazards involve anatomical, physiological, and psychological stresses from repetitive movements and bad equipment design
• Physical hazards include noise, vibration, energy, weather, electricity, radiation, and pressure
• Psychological hazards cause stress affecting well-being