Working Capital Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

How is the volume of sales related to working capital?

  • Sales volume does not impact working capital.
  • The volume of sales and working capital are directly related. (correct)
  • Higher sales require a fixed amount of working capital.
  • An increase in sales reduces the need for working capital.

What impact does a longer production cycle have on working capital?

  • It reduces the cash flow of the business.
  • It requires less working capital.
  • It has no effect on working capital.
  • It requires more working capital. (correct)

During which economic condition is the need for working capital typically higher?

  • During recessions.
  • During periods of stable sales.
  • During seasonal fluctuations.
  • During economic booms. (correct)

What effect do favorable purchase terms typically have on a company's working capital needs?

<p>They can reduce the need for working capital. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does effective credit control affect a company's working capital?

<p>It helps to improve cash flow. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of growth and expansion, what does a company typically require?

<p>Increased funding, thus more working capital. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of management ability in working capital needs?

<p>Efficient management reduces working capital needs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can access to funds from financial institutions impact working capital?

<p>It may reduce the need for working capital. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Working Capital and Sales

Higher sales usually mean more working capital is needed. Lower sales mean less is needed.

Production Cycle and Capital

Longer production times require more working capital (raw materials, inventory, and cash flow lag).

Economic Cycles & Working Capital

During booms, sales are higher and more working capital is usually needed. During recessions, less is needed.

Credit Terms and Capital

Liberal credit terms to customers can tie up more capital than if credit terms from suppliers were better.

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Credit Control and Liquidity

Effective credit control (tight credit) improves a company's cash flow, lowering working capital needs.

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Growth and Working Capital

Company growth and expansion usually require more investment in working capital.

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Efficient Management and Capital

Good management efficiently coordinates production and distribution, reducing working capital needs.

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External Finance and Capital

External access to capital (loans) can reduce the need to keep as much working capital.

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Study Notes

Working Capital

  • Volume of sales is a key factor impacting working capital needs. Higher sales volume requires more capital.
  • Production cycles affect working capital. Longer cycles require more capital.
  • Business cycles also influence working capital. Booms increase, recessions decrease working capital needed.
  • Credit terms (purchases/sales) influence capital requirements. Liberal credit policies for sales and tight credit policies for purchases reduce capital needs.
  • Sound credit control policies enhance cash flow and reduce capital requirements. Liberal policies increase bad debt risk affecting capital requirements.
  • Growth and expansion demand more working capital for increased operations.
  • Management ability (coordination between production and distribution) reduces working capital requirements. Poor inventory management increases working capital needs.
  • External financial factors (e.g., access to bank loans) reduce a business's internal working capital requirements.

Capital Structure

  • Companies fund themselves through various sources: equity shares, preferred stock, reserves, surpluses, debt (debentures, loans).
  • The combination of these funding sources is called the capital structure. This also includes the security mix for the business.

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