27 Questions
In case of doubt, how should labor legislation and labor contracts be construed?
In favor of the workers
What principle does the text promote to settle disputes between workers and employers?
Preferential use of voluntary modes
According to Article II (Declaration of Principles and State Policies), what is recognized as a right in relations between workers and employers?
Right of labor to its just share in the fruits of production
What does Article 4 of the Labor Code state about resolving doubts or ambiguities?
In favor of labor
Which theme is highlighted by the principle of shared responsibility between workers and employers?
Collaborative approach in dispute settlement
What is the significance of enforcing mutual compliance with the principle of shared responsibility?
Fostering industrial peace
Who primarily directs the management of the organization and exercises wide latitude in decision-making?
Executive
Which role involves possessing knowledge at an advanced level of expertise essential to the establishment/provision of the service?
Specialist
Who are part-owners of the company and have voting rights on the governing board?
President and Treasurer
Which individual primarily directs the organization/department/subdivision and supervises other staff?
Manager
Who does not directly perform tasks related to the actual provision of services of the organization?
Transferee
Which individual does not include first-line supervisors unless they supervise professionals?
Manager
If an employee does not work on a regular holiday, how is the holiday pay computed?
150% of the daily rate
For regular holidays, when an employee works the first 8 hours, what percentage of their regular salary are they entitled to?
200%
If an employee works on a regular holiday in excess of 8 hours, how is the additional compensation calculated?
50% of the hourly rate
When a regular holiday falls on an employee's rest day and they work, what percentage of their daily rate are they entitled to for the first 8 hours?
50%
In case an employee does not work on a regular holiday, but there is a company policy granting payment for special days, what is the effect on holiday pay?
No effect on pay
How does the presence of a collective bargaining agreement (CBA) affect the payment of wages on special days?
It allows payment even if unworked
What factors are involved in the classification of employees?
Responsibility, skills, complexity of the job
How is wage distortion rectified according to the text?
Minimum Wage = Actual Salary - Distortion Adjustment
What does the non-diminution rule in Article 100 of the Labor Code apply to?
Benefits granted before or after the promulgation of the Labor Code
Which establishments are covered by the law on service charges according to the text?
Hotels, restaurants, and similar establishments
What is the main requirement for the distribution of service charges among covered workers?
It should be distributed completely and equally
In case of a minimum wage increase, how should service charges paid to covered employees be treated?
They should not be considered in determining compliance with the increased minimum wage
What action should be taken if a dispute arises over the distribution of service charges between management and employees?
The grievance should be referred to the regional office of the Department of Labor and Employment for conciliation
Who are considered managerial employees for the purpose of this Article?
Employees who have authority over hiring and management decisions
What happens if no grievance mechanism is established in case of a dispute over service charge distribution?
The grievance is referred to the regional office of the Department of Labor and Employment for conciliation
Test your knowledge on the principles regulating the relations between workers and employers, including shared responsibility, dispute settlement methods, and rights of labor and enterprises. Explore the concepts of industrial peace and fair distribution of production benefits.
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