Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main purpose of communication in influencing others?
What is the main purpose of communication in influencing others?
Which of the following is NOT a type of communication channel mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT a type of communication channel mentioned in the text?
What is the significant downside of noise in communication according to the text?
What is the significant downside of noise in communication according to the text?
How has communication evolved over time based on the text?
How has communication evolved over time based on the text?
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What do current generations heavily rely on for communication according to the text?
What do current generations heavily rely on for communication according to the text?
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Which term is used in communication to evaluate how well messages were transferred as intended?
Which term is used in communication to evaluate how well messages were transferred as intended?
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What are some positive qualities of telecommuting mentioned in the text?
What are some positive qualities of telecommuting mentioned in the text?
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Which term refers to observable demographic or physiological differences in people, such as race, ethnicity, gender, and age?
Which term refers to observable demographic or physiological differences in people, such as race, ethnicity, gender, and age?
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What is one of the negative aspects associated with telecommuting mentioned in the text?
What is one of the negative aspects associated with telecommuting mentioned in the text?
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According to the MARS Model of Individual Behavior, which factor includes an individual's skills and expertise to perform a specific task?
According to the MARS Model of Individual Behavior, which factor includes an individual's skills and expertise to perform a specific task?
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What does deep-level diversity refer to among employees in an organization?
What does deep-level diversity refer to among employees in an organization?
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In the context of workforce diversity, which example illustrates deep-level diversity according to the text?
In the context of workforce diversity, which example illustrates deep-level diversity according to the text?
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What are the positive consequences of conflict?
What are the positive consequences of conflict?
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In task conflict, how do parties typically interact?
In task conflict, how do parties typically interact?
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What characterizes a dysfunctional external conflict?
What characterizes a dysfunctional external conflict?
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Which of the following is NOT a source of conflict?
Which of the following is NOT a source of conflict?
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What is the conflict handling style that aims for a win-win solution?
What is the conflict handling style that aims for a win-win solution?
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In relationship conflict, what do parties typically focus on?
In relationship conflict, what do parties typically focus on?
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What are the three characteristics that make a team?
What are the three characteristics that make a team?
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Which type of team is organized around a complete work process?
Which type of team is organized around a complete work process?
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What is one of the disadvantages of teams mentioned in the text?
What is one of the disadvantages of teams mentioned in the text?
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How can social loafing be minimized according to the text?
How can social loafing be minimized according to the text?
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What kind of teams exist to benefit members and accomplish goals?
What kind of teams exist to benefit members and accomplish goals?
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In the team effectiveness model, what encourages team members to work better together?
In the team effectiveness model, what encourages team members to work better together?
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What type of stories and legends provide social prescriptions of desired behavior?
What type of stories and legends provide social prescriptions of desired behavior?
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Which type of culture is characterized by values and assumptions shared most consistently and widely within an organization?
Which type of culture is characterized by values and assumptions shared most consistently and widely within an organization?
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What role does organizational culture play in controlling employee behavior?
What role does organizational culture play in controlling employee behavior?
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What process helps strengthen organizational culture by teaching individuals the values and expected behaviors of the organization?
What process helps strengthen organizational culture by teaching individuals the values and expected behaviors of the organization?
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Which type of stories are assumed to be true and describe real people known by employees?
Which type of stories are assumed to be true and describe real people known by employees?
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What does the dominant culture refer to within an organization?
What does the dominant culture refer to within an organization?
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Study Notes
Conflict in Organizations
- Negative consequences of conflict: waste time, energy, and resources; more organizational politics; job dissatisfaction, turnover, and stress; weakens team cohesion.
- Positive consequences of conflict: better decisions; improves responsiveness to external environment; increases team cohesion; new ideas and higher performance.
Types of Conflict
- Internal conflict: a person struggling against themselves.
- External conflict: a person struggling against another person or society.
- External conflict can be:
- Functional: constructive forms of conflict that improve group performance.
- Dysfunctional: destructive forms of conflict that hinder group performance.
Task vs Relationship Conflict
- Task conflict: functional, parties focus on the issue while maintaining respect.
- Relationship conflict: dysfunctional, parties focus on personal characteristics, try to undermine each other's worth, and threaten self-concept and reduce trust.
Sources of Conflict
- Incompatible goals: one party's goal perceived to interfere with other's goals.
- Differentiation: different values, beliefs, and experiences.
- Interdependence: parties more likely to interfere with each other.
- Scarce resources: motivates competition for the resource.
- Ambiguous rules: creates uncertainty, threatens goals.
- Poor communication: lack of communication skills.
Conflict Handling Styles
- Collaborating: win-win solution, problem-solving approach.
Importance of Communication
- Coordinates work activities.
- Helps organizational learning and sharing knowledge.
- Important for decision making.
- Influences other people by changing behavior, feelings, or beliefs.
- Essential for employee well-being, fulfillment, and support.
Communication Terms
- Noise: communication barriers that distort the clarity of the message.
- Feedback: checks how successful we have been in transferring our messages as originally intended.
Communication Channels
- Two main types: verbal and non-verbal.
- Verbal: uses words (spoken or written).
- Non-verbal: any part of communication that doesn't use words.
Work-Life Balance
- Degree of conflict between work and non-work demands.
- Remote work, working at client sites, and telecommuting are examples of flexible work arrangements.
Workforce Diversity
- Surface-level diversity: observable demographic or physiological differences in people (e.g., race, ethnicity, gender, age, physical capabilities).
- Deep-level diversity: differences in the psychological characteristics of employees (e.g., personalities, beliefs, values, and attitudes).
Telecommuting Benefits and Problems
- Positive qualities: allows employees to work anywhere, anytime; better work-life balance; fewer distractions; better employee retention; lower cost for organizations.
- Negative qualities: requires employees to be self-motivated; harder to manage employees; reduced daily interactions between employees; non-telecommuters may resent employees who can do so.
MARS Model of Individual Behavior
- Motivation: desire to achieve a goal or objective.
- Ability: individual skills and knowledge.
- Role perception: understanding of one's role and responsibilities.
- Situational factors: environmental and contextual factors that influence behavior.
Principles of Organizational Behavior
- Multidisciplinary: many OB concepts are adopted from other disciplines.
- Three characteristics of a team: permanence, skill diversity, and authority dispersion.
Types of Teams
- Departmental teams: employees from the same work unit with similar or complementary skills.
- Self-directed teams: employees from various departments organized around a complete work process.
- Task force (project) teams: created to solve a specific problem or design a product/service.
- Informal teams: teams that exist to benefit members or employees and support them.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Teams
- Advantages: better decisions, higher motivation.
- Disadvantages: social loafing, takes time to form and develop mutual understanding of goals.
Team Effectiveness Model
- Organizational/team environment: influences team behavior and performance.
- Rewards: team members work better together when rewarded for team performance.
Organizational Culture
- Importance of organizational culture: an organization's success strongly depends on its culture; provides employees with a sense of identity and increases their commitment; provides employees with a way to interpret what's going on; controls employee behavior by reinforcing good behavior and discouraging bad behavior.
- Artifacts, stories, and legends: provide social prescriptions of desired (or dysfunctional) behavior; more effective when they describe real people, known by employees, and are assumed to be true.
- Dominant culture and subcultures: dominant culture is the values, assumptions shared most consistently and widely; subcultures are a subset of the dominant culture held within some areas of the organization.
- Countercultures: subcultures that oppose aspects of the dominant culture.
- Culture strength increases through organizational socialization: the process by which individuals learn the values, expected behaviors, and social knowledge of the organization.
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Description
Test your knowledge on work–life balance, remote work, workforce diversity, and surface-level and deep-level diversity. Explore topics such as working at client sites, telecommuting, and demographic differences in the workplace.
