Work and Occupation in Society

<p>Alienation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intensifying wage pressures from globalization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased focus on flexibility and innovation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Duct Tapers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An illusion of choice for consumers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Work done in exchange for a wage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It generated economic interdependence among many positions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adam Smith (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flexible production and casualization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deskilling of the workforce as a result of hyper-specialization. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Right-wing governments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maximizing output by concentrating production knowledge in management. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The division of occupations into gendered categories (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Production often occurred close to or within homes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Greater numbers of women entering the paid labor force (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It created a reliance on the services and products of others. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It involved close mentorship and skill development. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Construction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gender segregation in the workforce (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>25-40% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Growth of part-time and low-paying positions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cardiologist (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Essential workers are generally underpaid compared to other professions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A source of personal wealth. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nanny (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Accounting Manager (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Activity that exercises abilities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Instructor/Teacher (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$134,178 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The home transformed into the center of consumption and leisure. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Men tend to have more leisure time and prefer easier tasks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Automation has made domestic work invisible while changing its nature. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It may reduce feelings of alienation by eliminating undesirable jobs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A divide between skilled professionals and clerical/service workers with minimal control. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It examines existing trends to envision future possibilities, both positive and negative. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30-50% of jobs may be significantly at risk due to automation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Economic dependency contributes to women's isolation and blurs the line between work and home. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased deskilling of jobs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Education (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Design and technological development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are absorbed or pushed out of the market. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhancing adaptability and skill acquisition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Working exclusively in one field (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A blend of work responsibilities with home tasks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Withdrawal from physical goods production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Performing tasks requiring mental and physical effort, whether paid or unpaid.

Work performed in exchange for a wage.

Breaking down work into smaller, specialized tasks to increase efficiency.

A system of production maximizing output by centralizing knowledge in management.

Industrialization separated home and work, created many jobs through specialization, and increased economic interdependence.

Work in societies before the Industrial Revolution, characterized by diverse crafts and mixed production/household activities.

Adam Smith identified the efficiency of dividing labor, especially in production.

Work underpins the economy; it includes producing and distributing goods and services.

A system of mass production using specialized tools and tasks on an assembly line, typically focusing on standardized products for large markets. It dominated manufacturing in the early 20th to early 1970s.

A manufacturing process where a product is assembled incrementally by a series of workers, each performing a specific task. This approach is a key aspect of Fordism.

A manufacturing approach that moves away from mass production towards flexibility, innovation, and customization to meet demands for diverse products. Started after the 1970s.

The feeling of estrangement or detachment workers may experience from their labor due to a loss of control over the production process, leading to indifference or hostility.

Producing a standardized product but adapting to customer preferences to meet specific needs.

Types of workers in the workplace seen as having 'pointless' or 'psychologically destructive' tasks.

International markets opening provided new competition beyond domestic markets for the Ford Model.

Work environments characterized by close/high surveillance. This is often contrasted with a high-trust system.

A collaborative work style where workers are overseen by colleagues rather than managers.

The worth of work considered in terms of factors beyond just money, like skills, responsibility, and value to society.

Workers in jobs crucial for society's functioning, often paid less than other roles.

Work can provide purpose, learning, friends, and define a person.

An estimate of $70,000/year.

An estimate of $294,000/year.

An estimate of $48,688 per year.

An estimate of $44,767 per year.

Roles contributing to social life, essential for society, sometimes have lower pay.

Work that is not a traditional paid job, but provides benefits for society.

Trade unions are losing members in sectors like manufacturing, construction, and others.

Companies are moving away from permanent employees to part-time or temporary workers.

More women are entering the paid workforce, often in lower-paying jobs.

Women are concentrated in lower-paying, less-challenging jobs, while men often work in higher-paying, more prestigious roles.

Women earn less than men, even for doing the same work.

Housework and caregiving are often not paid or recognized.

Limited opportunities to move up in a company/job-role hierarchy.

Jobs and professions are separated into categories often associated with one gender.

With industrialization, the home became the center of consumption and leisure, while domestic work, primarily done by women, became increasingly invisible and tied to their gender role.

Women's economic reliance on men increased with the separation of work and home, as they were often confined to the domestic sphere.

Despite the introduction of appliances and technologies, domestic work remained largely unchanged, as it was still seen as women's responsibility.

The division of labor within the home often doesn't keep pace with the changing world of work and wages, with women still disproportionately responsible for domestic work.

Men tend to have more leisure time compared to women, demonstrating an unequal distribution of domestic responsibilities.

Automation can lead to a society with a small group of high-skilled professionals who have more control, and a larger group of low-skilled workers with less control.

Automation might result in a return to 'low-trust' and 'low-skill' work, as tasks become more specialized and less human-centered.

While automation might create new jobs, it also has the potential to cause large-scale unemployment, raising concerns about the future of work.

The widespread adoption of AI and automation leading to job displacement in various sectors, including transportation, manufacturing, and service industries.

Automation can lead to a simplification of tasks, reducing the need for skilled workers and causing feelings of detachment and unthinking among employees.

Large companies with more resources can afford advanced automation technologies, leading to greater efficiency and potentially pushing smaller businesses out of the market.

A shift from a focus on manufacturing to knowledge, technology, and information-based services, where the workforce is engaged in design, development, and servicing.

The need for workers to be adaptable and readily acquire new skills to thrive in a rapidly evolving job market.

Individuals who possess multiple skills and credentials, enabling them to easily transition between different roles and occupations.

The rise of remote work options, blurring the boundaries between home and workplace, allowing for greater flexibility but also requiring adjustments to work-life balance.

An economic system driven by knowledge, information, and innovation, with a significant emphasis on education, research, and technological development.