Wood Engraving by R. John Beedham

Process reproduction gained popularity due to its ability to produce fast and cheap copies, leading to a focus on quantity over quality.

The pursuit of commercial success in artistic production, often prioritizing quantity over quality.

The modern world's denial of absolute values, religion, and God has led to a focus on material gain and pleasure, causing a shift from quality to quantity.

Absolute values refer to principles that hold intrinsic worth and are not dependent on subjective opinions, unlike relative values.

To find and love what is good in itself, regardless of external factors such as commercial success or popularity.

The idea that the quality and goodness of something are independent of its commercial value.

A technique in wood engraving where lines are cut close together, creating a smooth, detailed image.

A style of wood engraving where lines are cut apart, creating a stippled or textured effect.

The current state of affairs is unnatural and diseased because it prioritizes personal gain and pleasure over intrinsic values.

The ability to create a portrait quickly and with high quality.

The solution for restoring art to its rightful place involves finding and loving what is truly good in itself, regardless of commercial value.

A technique where the engraver focuses on the technical skill of the craft, potentially at the expense of artistic expression.

The period in which wood engraving reached its peak in terms of quality for book illustration.

The process of making copies of originals using technology, eventually replacing traditional wood engraving.

A style of wood engraving that emerged after World War I, distinct from previous styles.

The belief that in the future, wood engraving will return with artists taking on both the design and engraving.

The process of carving away wood around an engraving to leave the design raised, essential for printing directly from the block.

A sturdy, sand-filled cushion used to support a woodblock during engraving. It allows for easy rotation and manipulation of the block.

A tool with a curved blade used to carve away large areas of wood surrounding the engraving. Often used with a mallet.

A tool used to cut away wood in a straight line, useful for edges, plugs, and trimming.

A tool used to refine lines in wood engravings.

A magnifying glass used for close-up viewing during engraving, particularly helpful for those with impaired vision.

A stand that allows the magnifying glass to be adjusted in height and direction.

A lens used for close-up viewing, typically worn over one eye. Useful for engraving when a magnifying glass is needed.

A piece of wood used to support the hand while engraving.

The process of using a tool to carve lines and shapes into wood.

Holding the engraving tool in a way that allows for precise control and stability.

The part of the hand, specifically the fingers, that touches the engraving tool.

The part of the hand, typically the left hand, that holds the wood block during engraving.

A method of engraving where lines are placed one below the other.

A method of engraving where lines are cut in a circular motion.

The angle at which the engraving tool is held while cutting, determined by the shape being carved.

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A print showing the engraving and surrounding wood before unnecessary wood is removed.

A technique to cut away unnecessary wood from the block, using a gouge and mallet.

A process where paper cutouts from the overlay print are placed on the wood block to block out sections before printing.

Pressing chalk onto the engraved surface to see the progress of the work, as ink would obscure the un-engraved parts.

The exact replication of an original artwork using a process, often in a more affordable and efficient way.

A belief that wood engraving will regain its former glory with artists focusing on both design and execution.