Wondershare PDFelement - Protein Synthesis Process Quiz

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Which of the following is NOT a required component for eukaryotic protein translation?

tRNA

Plasma membrane (correct)

Ribosomes

Amino acids

During the initiation of translation in eukaryotes, which of the following steps occurs first?

The 40S ribosomal subunit binds to the 5' cap of the mRNA

The 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits assemble into a complete 80S ribosome

The 60S ribosomal subunit binds to the mRNA

The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNA) binds to the P-site of the 40S ribosomal subunit (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a function of the ribosomal subunits during protein synthesis?

The 60S subunit provides a binding site for the mRNA (correct)

The 40S subunit scans the mRNA for the start codon

The 60S subunit contains the peptidyl transferase center

The 40S subunit binds the initiator tRNA

During the elongation of translation, which of the following events occurs?

The ribosome moves from the 5' to the 3' end of the mRNA Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in protein synthesis?

The ER is responsible for the post-translational modification of proteins Signup and view all the answers

During the termination of translation, which of the following events occurs?

The ribosome recognizes a stop codon on the mRNA and releases the completed polypeptide chain Signup and view all the answers

Which amino acid enters the A site of the ribosome based on the mRNA code next to the AUG start codon?

The second amino acid Signup and view all the answers

What helps form the peptide bond between the first and second amino acid?

Elongation factors Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the peptidyl tRNA (tRNA with the first 2 amino acids) during the translocation step?

It moves to the P site Signup and view all the answers

What causes the newly synthesized protein to be released from the ribosomal complex during termination?

Releasing factors Signup and view all the answers

What happens to many proteins after they are initially synthesized as large, precursor molecules?

They are cleaved by endoproteases Signup and view all the answers

What process is responsible for moving the ribosome to the next codon during translation?

Translocation Signup and view all the answers

What is the start codon for translation?

AUG Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the genetic code during translation?

It determines the sequence in which amino acids are added to the growing polypeptide chain Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mutation can cause an abrupt termination of protein synthesis?

Nonsense mutation Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of moving the ribosome along the mRNA during translation called?

Translocation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of post-translational modifications?

To regulate protein function and localization Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the elongation step of translation?

Amino acids are added to the growing polypeptide chain Signup and view all the answers