Wondershare PDFelement - Protein Synthesis Process Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a required component for eukaryotic protein translation?

  • tRNA
  • Plasma membrane (correct)
  • Ribosomes
  • Amino acids

    • During the initiation of translation in eukaryotes, which of the following steps occurs first?

  • The 40S ribosomal subunit binds to the 5' cap of the mRNA
  • The 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits assemble into a complete 80S ribosome
  • The 60S ribosomal subunit binds to the mRNA
  • The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNA) binds to the P-site of the 40S ribosomal subunit (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT a function of the ribosomal subunits during protein synthesis?

  • The 60S subunit provides a binding site for the mRNA (correct)
  • The 40S subunit scans the mRNA for the start codon
  • The 60S subunit contains the peptidyl transferase center
  • The 40S subunit binds the initiator tRNA

    • During the elongation of translation, which of the following events occurs?

    <p>The ribosome moves from the 5' to the 3' end of the mRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in protein synthesis?

    <p>The ER is responsible for the post-translational modification of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the termination of translation, which of the following events occurs?

    <p>The ribosome recognizes a stop codon on the mRNA and releases the completed polypeptide chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid enters the A site of the ribosome based on the mRNA code next to the AUG start codon?

    <p>The second amino acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What helps form the peptide bond between the first and second amino acid?

    <p>Elongation factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the peptidyl tRNA (tRNA with the first 2 amino acids) during the translocation step?

    <p>It moves to the P site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the newly synthesized protein to be released from the ribosomal complex during termination?

    <p>Releasing factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to many proteins after they are initially synthesized as large, precursor molecules?

    <p>They are cleaved by endoproteases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process is responsible for moving the ribosome to the next codon during translation?

    <p>Translocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the start codon for translation?

    <p>AUG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the genetic code during translation?

    <p>It determines the sequence in which amino acids are added to the growing polypeptide chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mutation can cause an abrupt termination of protein synthesis?

    <p>Nonsense mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of moving the ribosome along the mRNA during translation called?

    <p>Translocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of post-translational modifications?

    <p>To regulate protein function and localization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the elongation step of translation?

    <p>Amino acids are added to the growing polypeptide chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

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