Podcast
Questions and Answers
Before 1970, what was a significant factor limiting the advancement of women in the workplace?
Before 1970, what was a significant factor limiting the advancement of women in the workplace?
- Trade unions strongly advocated for women's rights.
- There was an abundance of affordable childcare services.
- No legislation existed to promote equal opportunities for women. (correct)
- Legislation actively promoted gender equality.
What was the prevailing attitude of trade unions towards women in the workforce during the early 20th century?
What was the prevailing attitude of trade unions towards women in the workforce during the early 20th century?
- Supportive of women taking on permanent roles.
- Hostile to women taking on permanent roles, especially if married. (correct)
- Actively campaigning for equal pay for women.
- Neutral regarding the employment of women.
What societal expectation primarily caused married women to leave the workforce in the early 20th century?
What societal expectation primarily caused married women to leave the workforce in the early 20th century?
- Lack of educational opportunities.
- Legal restrictions preventing married women from working.
- Limited job availability in general.
- The expectation to care for the home and children. (correct)
How did WWII impact women's participation in the workforce?
How did WWII impact women's participation in the workforce?
What was the main purpose of the Equal Pay Act introduced in the 1970s?
What was the main purpose of the Equal Pay Act introduced in the 1970s?
Why was the effectiveness of the Equal Pay Act limited, despite its intention?
Why was the effectiveness of the Equal Pay Act limited, despite its intention?
What core principle did the Sex Discrimination Act in 1975 aim to establish?
What core principle did the Sex Discrimination Act in 1975 aim to establish?
What complicated the enforcement and overall impact of the Sex Discrimination Act?
What complicated the enforcement and overall impact of the Sex Discrimination Act?
What key protection did the Employment Protection Act 1975 provide to pregnant women?
What key protection did the Employment Protection Act 1975 provide to pregnant women?
Before WWII, what type of job was a woman most likely to have?
Before WWII, what type of job was a woman most likely to have?
What was the effect of limited education on women's career prospects?
What was the effect of limited education on women's career prospects?
What was a major reason that women did not study Science or Medicine?
What was a major reason that women did not study Science or Medicine?
What was a major impact that WWII had on women in terms of their jobs?
What was a major impact that WWII had on women in terms of their jobs?
When did women become more assertive in the workplace?
When did women become more assertive in the workplace?
Why did the Ford strikers close the factories?
Why did the Ford strikers close the factories?
In what decade did the 3 Acts to stop discrimination in the workplace get introduced?
In what decade did the 3 Acts to stop discrimination in the workplace get introduced?
What was the main aim of the Equal Pay Act?
What was the main aim of the Equal Pay Act?
What action was made illegal under the Employment Protection Act of 1975?
What action was made illegal under the Employment Protection Act of 1975?
What was a common occurance in early marriages?
What was a common occurance in early marriages?
What caused the situation to begin to change for job opportunities for women?
What caused the situation to begin to change for job opportunities for women?
Flashcards
Legislation for Women Pre-1970
Legislation for Women Pre-1970
Before 1970, no laws promoted equal opportunities for women. Married women in the workplace increased.
Women's Role in WWI
Women's Role in WWI
Women's role in the workplace began during World War I, with many returning to traditional roles after 1918.
Trade Union Views
Trade Union Views
Trade unions initially opposed permanent change, expecting men to return to jobs. Most married women stopped working to care for their homes and children.
WWII and Job Opportunities
WWII and Job Opportunities
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Type of Jobs for Women
Type of Jobs for Women
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Education Limited
Education Limited
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WWII and Women's Desire
WWII and Women's Desire
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Rise of White-Collar Jobs
Rise of White-Collar Jobs
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Ford Strike 1968
Ford Strike 1968
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Equal Pay Act (1970s)
Equal Pay Act (1970s)
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Sex Discrimination Act (1975)
Sex Discrimination Act (1975)
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Employment Protection Act (1975)
Employment Protection Act (1975)
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Study Notes
- Most women gave birth to their first child within the first 3 years of marriage.
- Employers were not prepared to hire mothers.
- No legislation to promote equal opportunities for women was passed until 1970.
- The number of women, including married ones, increased in the workplace.
- Women's role in the workplace first began during World War I while men were fighting, but women returned to traditional work after 1918.
- Trade unions were hostile to permanent change, and as men returned expecting employment, most married women stopped working to care for the house and children.
- The situation for job opportunities for women only began to change due to World War II.
- Most jobs available were in blue-collar areas of industry and manufacturing.
- Limited education hindered career progression, and most women who stayed in secondary school studied science or medicine due to gender divisions in education from 1904-1918.
- World War II fulfilled women's desire to work, with many women finding a new sense of fulfillment outside the home, even if some jobs were tedious.
- White-collar jobs were considered more suitable for women and started to increase.
- Women became more assertive in the workplace, leading to a Ford strike in 1968, which closed Ford factories for 3 weeks and gained support.
- This led to 3 Acts in the 1970s to stop discrimination of women at work.
- Equal Pay Act of the 1970s aimed to provide equal pay for equal work but could be avoided if men and women did different work; 80% of cases claimed men and women did different work.
- Sex Discrimination Act in 1975 made it illegal to treat workers of one gender less favorably, although it was expensive for women to go to court, so it rarely happened.
- Employment Protection Act in 1975 made it illegal to sack women because they were pregnant and gave women the right to return to their jobs if they wanted to.
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