28 Questions
What is the purpose of a source encoder?
To convert an analog signal into a digital sequence
What is the role of quantization in source encoding?
To approximate the analog signal into discrete levels
How many distinct levels can be represented by a 3-bit resolution quantizer?
8 levels
What is the quantization error?
The difference between the sampled value and the original analog value
What is the significance of the probability density function $P_s(t)$ in source encoding?
It represents the distribution of the quantization error over time
What is the purpose of the sink in Directed Diffusion?
To reinforce one particular neighbor based on some data-driven local rule
In Directed Diffusion, how does the source send data towards the sink?
By establishing gradients towards multiple neighbors
How is communication handled in Directed Diffusion?
All neighbor-to-neighbor communication
What does Directed Diffusion use to establish a reply link towards the neighbor from which interest was received?
Gradients towards multiple neighbors
How does Directed Diffusion differ from SPIN in terms of querying?
SPIN issues interests on demand by the sink
What role does reinforcement play in Directed Diffusion?
Reinforcing a particular neighbor based on some local rule
What is the term used to describe the distance between dreams and reality?
Action Gap
In the context of wireless sensor networks, which chapter covers characteristics of MAC protocols in sensor networks?
Chapter 6: Medium Access Control
Which chapter discusses the concept of Flooding and Gossiping in the context of wireless sensor networks?
Chapter 7: Network Layer Routing Metrics
What is the term used to describe MAC protocols that do not require devices to contend for access to the medium?
Contention-Free MAC
Which type of routing protocol in wireless sensor networks is based on data characteristics rather than individual device addresses?
Data-Centric Routing
What type of routing protocol in wireless sensor networks is activated only when needed?
On-Demand Routing
What is the primary routing mechanism used by GFPG within the target region?
A combination of geocast and perimeter routing
How do nodes outside the target region forward packets in GFPG?
They use the right-hand rule to forward packets along the planar graph
What is the primary goal of QoS-based routing protocols?
To explicitly address one or more Quality-of-Service (QoS) metrics
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of a QoS metric?
High network throughput
In GFPG, what happens when a packet reaches a void (a node with no suitable neighbor to forward the packet)?
Perimeter routing is used
How does GFPG ensure delivery of packets to all nodes within the target region?
It uses flooding to all nodes in the region
What is the main advantage of using pulse code modulation (PCM) for source encoding?
It greatly enhances the transmission and regeneration of binary words
What is the key difference between pulse code modulation (PCM) and delta modulation?
PCM transmits the actual signal values, while delta modulation transmits the difference between successive signal values
What is the purpose of the 'difference signal' ($V_d(t)$) in delta modulation?
It is used to determine the polarity of the pulse to be transmitted
How many distinct signal levels can be represented using a 2-bit PCM encoding scheme?
4
Which of the following is a key disadvantage of pulse code modulation (PCM)?
It introduces quantization error in the transmitted signal
Test your knowledge on the basic architectural framework of wireless sensor networks as per the BPUT syllabus for B.Tech. (CS stream) 6th semester. This quiz covers topics from Module-II, including Basic Components, Source and Channel Encoding, Modulation, Signal Propagation, and Medium Access Control.
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