Wildlife Conservation Flashcards

Questions and Answers

List three problems caused by having a surplus of animals in a habitat.

Damage to personal property, Spread disease, Damages to habitat.

Describe the conservation attitude toward wildlife and name at least one type of person who might have this attitude.

People with a conservation attitude do not rely on wildlife for survival but enjoy hunting, fishing, and camping. They want to save habitats and regulate wildlife resources.

Describe the utilitarian attitude toward wildlife and name at least one type of person who might have this attitude.

People with a utilitarian attitude see wildlife as a public resource available for hunting for food, clothing, or profit without regulations.

Describe the extermination attitude toward wildlife and name at least one type of person who might have this attitude.

People with an extermination attitude see wildlife as a problem and want all wildlife killed. Signup and view all the answers

What are three traits of a successful trapper?

Keen power of observation, complete knowledge of furbearers, sharp skills. Signup and view all the answers

Name two renewable resources that you read about and one that you do not read about.

Timber, Furbearers, Fish. Signup and view all the answers

How was trapping important to the exploration of North America?

Trappers were hired to explore deeper into the wilderness, set up fur trading posts, remove dangerous wildlife, and share food with settlers. Signup and view all the answers

Early fur trade led to the growth of major US cities, such as...

New York, Chicago, St. Louis. Signup and view all the answers

List three predators that controlled the furbearer population before the pioneers settled the Americas.

Bear, Cougar, Wolf. Signup and view all the answers

Wildlife management focuses on preserving _ and maintaining __ at a healthy level.

habitat / animal populations. Signup and view all the answers

What are three benefits of trapping fur-bearing animals?

Protects endangered species, helps fund wildlife programs, provides recreation, food, clothing, and supplemental income. Signup and view all the answers

Explain why trapping is a privilege.

Furbearers are a public resource, and harvesting is a privilege that can be taken away through laws and regulations. Signup and view all the answers

Define the word 'ethics.'

The principles of right and wrong; unwritten rules society expects to be followed. Signup and view all the answers

List four rules found in the Code of Ethics for Responsible Trapping.

Obtain permission, do not set traps near farm animals, check traps daily, record trap locations. Signup and view all the answers

Trappers should show respect to five groups. Name them.

The furbearer, landowners, the public, hunters, and other trappers. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to obtain permission before hunting on private land?

Not gaining permission could lead to arrest for trespassing, loss of traps, and loss of any catch. Signup and view all the answers

List two reasons why trapping violators are a threat to legal and ethical trappers.

Illegal trapping gives trapping a bad image, and landowners close their lands to all trapping because of illegal trapping. Signup and view all the answers

List five characteristics of BMP-approved traps.

Humane, efficient, selective, practical, safe. Signup and view all the answers

Opportunities for furbearers to cross a trap are limited.

True Signup and view all the answers

Describe the five major kinds of traps.

Foot-Hold, Enclosed Foot-Hold, Body-Grip, Cage Traps, Cable Devices. Signup and view all the answers

The two most common types of foothold traps are the _ spring and the ____-spring.

long spring and coil spring. Signup and view all the answers

What are four common sizes of body grip traps?

#110, #120, #220, #330. Signup and view all the answers

Several muskrats can be captured in the cage trap.

True Signup and view all the answers

In trapping, what is the purpose of stakes?

To anchor the furbearer and prevent it from leaving. Signup and view all the answers

List five pieces of equipment needed for trapping in or near water and on land.

Pack basket, trap tags, trowel, stakes, and hatchet. Signup and view all the answers

________________________ is a good month to prepare traps for the coming season.

October. Signup and view all the answers

Before trapping season begins, all traps should be and _.

tuned and conditioned. Signup and view all the answers

On foothold traps, use a _ to round off all ____ that will touch the furbearer's leg.

file; edges. Signup and view all the answers

Fill in the blanks to complete the steps for conditioning traps. Boil in . Change the water and add _ hulls, __ boughs, or _ chips of crystals. Simmer traps until they are a _____ color. Add a mixture of and to the hot water, and let it melt on top of the water at a _. The light wax coating protects the traps from ______________.

soapy water; walnut hulls; evergreen boughs; maple bark; dark dull color; 2/3 paraffin and 1/3 bees wax; slowly; rust. Signup and view all the answers

Where should prepared traps be kept until you are ready to use them?

In a shed away from human or pet odors. Signup and view all the answers

The three basic types of lures are...

<ol> <li>Gland lure, 2) Food lure, 3) Urine lure.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

When using gland lures, too much is better than too little.

False Signup and view all the answers

_____________________________ essence mixed with urine makes an excellent human odor eraser.

Skunk. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to cover bait used in sets on land?

To prevent hawks, owls, and other birds from getting caught. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Wildlife Surplus Problems

Surplus animals can cause damage to personal property.
High populations lead to the spread of diseases affecting animals and humans.
Overpopulation damages habitats, affecting overall ecosystem health.

Conservation Attitude

Enjoyment of hunting, fishing, and camping without reliance on wildlife for survival.
Focus on saving habitats and regulating resource use for sustainability.
Conservationists usually engage in responsible practices for long-term resource enjoyment.

Utilitarian Attitude

Wildlife viewed as a public resource for hunting, food, clothing, or profit.
Little to no regulations; emphasizes accessibility and use by the public.

Extermination Attitude

Perception of wildlife as a problem that needs to be eliminated.
Advocates for the eradication of wild animals.

Traits of a Successful Trapper

Keen observational skills to identify animal behavior.
Comprehensive knowledge of furbearers’ habits and habitats.
Sharp skills and proficiency with trapping techniques.
Well-maintained and effective trapping equipment.

Renewable Resources

Timber and furbearers are classified as renewable resources.
Fish is mentioned as a third renewable resource not discussed in prior details.

Importance of Trapping in Exploration

Trappers opened up the wilderness for exploration and fur trade.
They established fur trading posts, aiding economic development.
Contributed to settler safety by managing dangerous wildlife.
Provided food support to settlers during harsh winters.

Fur Trade and Urban Growth

The early fur trade spurred growth in major U.S. cities like New York, Chicago, and St. Louis.

Predators of Furbearers

Historically, bears, cougars, and wolves controlled furbearer populations prior to pioneer settlement.

Wildlife Management Focus

Concentrates on preserving habitats and maintaining healthy animal populations.

Benefits of Trapping

Contributes to the protection of endangered species.
Provides funding for wildlife programs and initiatives.
Offers recreational opportunities, food, clothing, and supplementary income.
Supports cultural traditions linked to trapping practices.

Trapping as a Privilege

Harvesting furbearers is regulated through laws deemed necessary by the public.
Trapping privileges can be revoked if regulations are violated.

Ethics Definition

Encompasses the societal principles of right and wrong behavior.

Code of Ethics for Trapping

Always obtain landowner permission before trapping.
Avoid setting traps near areas with domestic animals.
Check traps daily, ideally early in the morning.
Accurately record trap locations and clearly identify traps.
Utilize as much of the animal as possible and dispose of remains responsibly.
Report diseased animals to authorities and support new trappers’ training.
Follow all regulations and ensure humane dispatching of captured furbearers.

Respect in Trapping

Trappers should respect furbearers, landowners, the public, fellow outdoors users, and other trappers.

Importance of Permission in Hunting

Not obtaining permission can result in trespassing charges, loss of traps, and loss of catch.

Threats from Trapping Violators

Illegal trapping tarnishes the image of the practice.
Can lead to landowners barring all trapping activities due to bad experiences.

BMP-Approved Trap Characteristics

Humane, efficient, selective, practical, and safe.

Trapping Opportunities

Limited opportunities for furbearers to cross traps.

Types of Traps

Foot-Hold: Live restraining devices allowing release of non-target animals; common types include coil-spring and underspring traps.
Enclosed Foot-Hold: Specific to certain species, reducing unwanted catches.
Body-Grip: Kills quickly when animals pass through.
Cage Traps: Box-shaped traps for capturing animals without serious harm.
Cable Devices: Loops used to catch furbearers; can be powered or non-powered.

Common Foothold Trap Types

Long spring and coil spring are the two prevalent types of foothold traps.

Body Grip Trap Sizes

Common sizes include #110, #120, #220, and #330.

Cage Traps Capacity

Can capture multiple muskrats at once.

Purpose of Stakes in Trapping

To anchor furbearers and prevent escape once caught.

Essential Trapping Equipment

Includes items like pack baskets, trap tags, trowels, stakes, and hatchets.

Trap Preparation Month

October is an ideal time for preparing traps for the season.

Trap Conditioning Requirements

All traps should be tuned and conditioned prior to the season.

Foothold Trap Preparation

Edges that touch the animal's leg should be rounded using a file.

Trap Conditioning Process

Boil in soapy water, then add walnut hulls or other natural items.
Simmer until a dark color is achieved and add a mixture of paraffin and beeswax for protection against rust.

Trap Storage

Prepared traps should be stored away from human or pet odors until use.

Basic Types of Lures

Three basic types exist but not detailed in this context.

Gland Lures Usage

Correct application of gland lures is crucial; less is more.

Bait Protection Rationale

Covering bait on land sets prevents accidental capture of non-target birds like hawks or owls.

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Description

Test your knowledge of wildlife conservation issues and attitudes through this engaging set of flashcards. Explore the problems caused by overpopulation of animals and understand different perspectives on wildlife management. Perfect for students of environmental science or nature enthusiasts.