Wildlife Management questions
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Questions and Answers

What is the most accurate method for estimating quail numbers?

  • Line transect method (correct)
  • Whistle counts
  • Aerial surveys
  • Drive counts

    • What is a desirable buck-doe ratio for a stable mule deer population within carrying capacity?

  • 1:4
  • 1:3 (correct)
  • 1:2
  • 1:1

    • What is the recommended annual harvest rate for bobwhite quail during drought years?

  • 5-10%
  • 30-50%
  • 10-20% (correct)
  • 25-45%

    • Which method of brush management involves using herbicides?

    <p>Herbicide applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended annual harvest rate for turkey gobblers?

    <p>10-20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a benefit of brush management?

    <p>Increase soil erosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best method for collecting data on white-tailed deer density?

    <p>Spotlight surveys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of information is collected during aerial surveys of pronghorn antelope?

    <p>Population size, sex ratios, and fawns per doe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of good habitat and population management?

    <p>Maintain healthy populations and balance within ecosystems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences harvest recommendations?

    <p>Weather patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended sex ratio for a healthy deer population?

    <p>1 buck:2 does</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to collect harvest data?

    <p>To determine if the management plan is achieving its goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a good indicator of turkey population health?

    <p>Ratio of poults per hen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a challenge associated with estimating quail numbers?

    <p>Inaccurate and time-consuming methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of brush management?

    <p>Improve the quality and accessibility of forage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of wildlife damage control?

    <p>Controlling pests that cause damage to target species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors can influence predator-prey relationships?

    <p>Weather conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Management plans in wildlife damage control may focus on which aspect?

    <p>Maintaining a 'Maximum Sustained Yield' for selected species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of removing predators from an ecosystem?

    <p>Greater fluctuations in prey populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does habitat destruction by human activity relate to wildlife management?

    <p>It complicates wildlife management due to introduced pests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In certain ecosystems, what role do coyotes play in deer population management?

    <p>They provide natural control of the deer population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a critical component of effective wildlife damage control activities?

    <p>Utilizing sound economic, ecological, and sociological principles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might cause a pest problem within wildlife management practices?

    <p>Human-introduced land use activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the recommended plot sizes for quail, deer, and turkey?

    <p>1/2 acre to 5 acres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a benefit of using no-till drills in food plot planting?

    <p>Avoiding the use of herbicides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason to avoid planting food plots near a dense stand of trees?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is disking several weeks before planting recommended?

    <p>To allow time for organic matter to decompose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of bacteria in the root systems of legumes?

    <p>To convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a consideration when determining the location and shape of food plots?

    <p>Presence of predators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species require a higher percentage of their habitat in food plots?

    <p>Deer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are 'hard-seeded' crops favored for attracting certain wildlife?

    <p>They provide a longer-lasting food source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of inoculating legume seeds prior to planting?

    <p>To promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is a soil test recommended before planting food plots?

    <p>To determine the optimal fertilizer and lime rates for specific crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is a common legume used in food plots?

    <p>Clover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using commercial drills for planting food plots?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary disadvantage of broadcast seeding?

    <p>It can be more difficult to achieve uniform seed spacing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do mourning doves differ from quail and turkeys in their food plot preferences?

    <p>Doves prefer areas with sparse ground cover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a factor that influences plant selection for food plots?

    <p>Availability of fertilizer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these types of food plots is MOST beneficial for attracting waterfowl?

    <p>Wheat plots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these conditions is NOT a concern when considering the season for a prescribed burn?

    <p>Abundance of foliage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a benefit of prescribed burning for managing bobwhite quail habitat?

    <p>Increased populations of desirable insects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended range for air temperature during a winter burn?

    <p>55°F to 75°F</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key factor in determining the success of a prescribed burn?

    <p>Presence of wildlife</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended frequency for prescribed burning in managing Rio Grande turkey habitat?

    <p>Every 3-5 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does prescribed burning benefit mourning dove habitat?

    <p>Reduces the amount of litter and plant material on the soil surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is a benefit of prescribed burning for deer habitat?

    <p>Increased available browse production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended amount of fine fuel needed for a successful prescribed burn?

    <p>At least 2,000 pounds per acre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended relative humidity range for a prescribed burn?

    <p>20 to 50 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major consideration for conducting a prescribed burn in the summer?

    <p>The presence of fawns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions is most likely to prevent erosion when disking?

    <p>Disking across the slope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of prescribed burning for managing Rio Grande turkey habitat?

    <p>Increased cover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition should the soil surface be in for a successful prescribed burn?

    <p>Moist with good subsoil moisture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is TRUE about the frequency of disking?

    <p>Disking is only necessary once every few years to maintain food plant diversity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the provided information, which of these is NOT a benefit of disking?

    <p>Creating nesting areas for tall bunchgrasses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to control livestock grazing prior to and after a prescribed burn?

    <p>Livestock grazing can reduce the amount of fine fuel available for the fire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a recommended practice for disking to promote wildlife habitat?

    <p>Disking in long strips.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended wind velocity range for a prescribed burn?

    <p>5 to 15 miles per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following species would NOT benefit from prescribed burning?

    <p>Oaks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a primary concern when considering disking practices?

    <p>The potential for erosion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in wildlife damage control programs?

    <p>Problem definition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is commonly used to control blackbirds and starlings?

    <p>Propane cannons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are hawks, owls, and eagles protected by law?

    <p>They contribute to the ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about coyotes is true?

    <p>They are common predators of livestock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of increasing coyote populations?

    <p>Higher competition for resources among predators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Feral swine are considered an invasive species because they are:

    <p>Increasing in number and causing habitat damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do skunks play in wildlife management?

    <p>They are primarily egg eaters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Population management is crucial for understanding:

    <p>The interactions between animals and their environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can help reduce loss of game animals due to predators?

    <p>Maintaining adequate grass and brush cover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal focus of wildlife habitat management?

    <p>Providing quality habitats for healthy wildlife populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary diet of feral swine?

    <p>Grasses, forbs, roots, fruits, and invertebrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does control methods application in wildlife damage control programs involve?

    <p>Implementing measures based on information from previous steps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species are mentioned as pests that commonly affect crop yields?

    <p>Blackbirds and starlings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanical treatment method is specifically mentioned as using a crawler type tractor?

    <p>Rolling chop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary factor determines the specific type of treatment method used in brush management?

    <p>Landowner objectives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment involves the use of goats for defoliation?

    <p>Biological treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of defoliation is targeted when using goats in biological treatment?

    <p>85 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential negative impact can result from using goats in brush management?

    <p>Habitat degradation for certain wildlife</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important benefit of carefully planned brush management?

    <p>Creates and maintains diverse habitat types</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which practice is NOT typically considered a nonselective brush management method?

    <p>Selective logging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do herbicides play in brush management?

    <p>Selective treatment of specific plant species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one consequence of mechanical treatments in brush management?

    <p>Major ground disturbances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should herbicide labels be strictly followed?

    <p>They provide important safety and application instructions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant drawback of managing brush through root plowing?

    <p>It decreases plant diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which practice may be necessary in conjunction with brush management to maintain habitats?

    <p>Range seeding with native species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is cropland management significant for wildlife?

    <p>It provides essential food sources when managed well</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What two basic categories of food do crops provide for wildlife?

    <p>Green leafy forage and seed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary reason for range planting failures?

    <p>Poor rainfall in the year following seeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered when selecting plant species for range planting?

    <p>Using plants that can survive local climatic extremes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended seeding rate for range plantings?

    <p>20 seeds per square foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should a rancher avoid grazing sheep in areas aimed at improving quail habitat?

    <p>Sheep reduce the availability of forbs, which are important for quail.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one benefit of rotating livestock among pastures?

    <p>It helps to prevent overgrazing of preferred plant species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to exclude livestock from seeded areas after planting?

    <p>To prevent overgrazing and allow root systems to grow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal timing for planting in relation to seasonal rains?

    <p>Before spring rains or mid-winter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of livestock exclusion?

    <p>To prevent soil erosion and protect sensitive areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal duration for resting a pasture after grazing?

    <p>4-6 months.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is preferred for planting seeds in range projects?

    <p>Using a drill to create furrows</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is a good seedbed important for planting success?

    <p>It ensures seeds are in contact with soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a benefit of prescribed burning?

    <p>Increasing soil compaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does disking play in wildlife habitat management?

    <p>Stimulates the growth of native plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a negative effect of prescribed burning if not done correctly?

    <p>Injury to important mast-producing trees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is resting pastures crucial for maintaining wildlife habitats?

    <p>It allows forbs and other plants to recover and reproduce.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which plant species is valuable for enhancing quail habitat?

    <p>Western ragweed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if weeds begin to overtake a seeded area?

    <p>Mow the weeds when they surpass the planted species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does fencing play in pasture management?

    <p>It allows for selective grazing practices and rotation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major ecological benefit of prescribed burning?

    <p>Improves the palatability and nutrient content of forage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential modification needed for soil lacking nutrients?

    <p>Using fertilizers to enhance plant growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is livestock exclusion particularly useful?

    <p>In the establishment of young plants and sensitive habitats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the biggest challenges in range plantings?

    <p>Finding affordable native plant seeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended grazing level for livestock after plants have established?

    <p>Grazing half of the plant growth volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can grazing rotation positively impact wildlife habitat?

    <p>By maintaining a balance of plant species and preventing overgrazing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of shading by other vegetation on certain weed seeds?

    <p>Causes them to remain dormant for long periods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about the effects of grazing?

    <p>Grazing always improves wildlife habitats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long should pastures typically be rested after being grazed continuously for long periods?

    <p>At least 2-4 years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of prescribed burning in pasture management?

    <p>To enhance and maintain wildlife habitats effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of leaving unharvested rows of seed crops for wildlife?

    <p>It increases the amount of food available for game birds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is plowing crop stubble with a disk or moldboard not beneficial for birds?

    <p>It buries most of the waste grain, making it inaccessible to birds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences how livestock grazing can impact wildlife?

    <p>Type of pasture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of allowing a band of brush or weeds to grow along field edges?

    <p>It provides nesting cover and escape cover for birds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following livestock species poses the greatest competition for food with deer?

    <p>Sheep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should farmers tolerate some weeds in their crops, according to the passage?

    <p>Weeds can provide a source of food for wildlife.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of "Moist Soil" management for waterfowl?

    <p>To grow native food plants for waterfowl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common native plant that can be introduced for food plots?

    <p>Soybeans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between baiting and supplemental feeding, according to the passage?

    <p>Baiting is done to attract animals to an area for harvest, while supplemental feeding is done to improve overall nutrition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why food plots can be ineffective in areas with less than 25 inches of rainfall?

    <p>The plants will not be able to produce enough seeds to support wildlife.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason deer prefer to feed in hay fields and pastures?

    <p>They prefer to eat forbs over other plant types.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommended method for managing food plots for deer?

    <p>Chemical application of herbicides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal size of a food plot relative to the surrounding rangeland?

    <p>One acre of food plot per 20 to 40 acres of rangeland.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a benefit of food plots for quail?

    <p>Increasing quail populations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a heavier stocking rate of livestock impact wildlife habitat?

    <p>It decreases the amount of food and cover available for wildlife</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an animal unit equivalent to?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of seed is especially beneficial for quail?

    <p>Seeds with hard seed coats that last for months or years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of grazing management in relation to wildlife?

    <p>To create and maintain optimal habitat for wildlife</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why antler production requires protein?

    <p>Protein is essential for the growth of the velvet antler before it mineralizes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key difference between cattle and sheep in terms of their grazing habits?

    <p>Sheep are more selective grazers than cattle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do deer require a higher protein diet during lactation?

    <p>To produce more milk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common food source for deer in hay fields and pastures?

    <p>Grasses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of long and narrow food plots for quail?

    <p>They create more edge, maximizing the interspersion of habitat types.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can farmers help to increase the amount of food available for birds after harvesting crops?

    <p>By plowing the crop stubble with a chisel plow instead of a disk or moldboard.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does overstocking a pasture impact quail populations?

    <p>It can result in a lack of nesting cover for quail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of disking and prescribed burning fields for deer?

    <p>To increase the abundance of forbs that deer consume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a good food source for wildlife?

    <p>Crabgrass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why food plots are not a replacement for poor habitat management?

    <p>Food plots cannot provide all the necessary nutrients for wildlife.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following crops is considered a warm-season food source for deer?

    <p>Corn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of vegetation is primarily consumed by cattle?

    <p>Grasses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended grazing management strategy for maximizing deer food availability?

    <p>Using cattle as the primary livestock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of providing water for wildlife?

    <p>To attract and sustain a variety of wildlife species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key factor considered when designing a permanent water impoundment?

    <p>Presence of natural predators in the area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For wildlife water facilities, what is the recommended maximum distance between impoundments?

    <p>Half a mile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using shallow water impoundments for wildlife?

    <p>Providing suitable habitat for waterfowl and other water-dependent species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is range planting beneficial for wildlife?

    <p>To restore and enhance degraded habitats with preferred plant species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the decline of native vegetation in some areas?

    <p>Conversion of land for agricultural purposes and overgrazing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of range planting?

    <p>To restore and improve the quality of wildlife habitat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most significant difference between the application of fire management and water management in wildlife habitat?

    <p>Fire management typically involves restoring natural processes, while water management primarily involves creating artificial sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a KEY difference between the application of fire management and water management in wildlife habitat?

    <p>Water management has less immediate impact on wildlife populations than fire management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to manage livestock grazing in areas with natural water supplies?

    <p>To minimize soil erosion and sedimentation, preserving water quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these options is NOT a major benefit of providing water for wildlife?

    <p>It generally results in a decrease in predator populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of providing permanent water impoundments for wildlife?

    <p>To facilitate the breeding and raising of specific wildlife species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the slow recovery of vegetation in areas affected by severe overgrazing?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most effective way to accelerate the recovery of native vegetation in a degraded area?

    <p>Plant preferred species of native vegetation to establish a healthy ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to manage watering facilities to drain during the growing season?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should windmills and solar pumps be directed into small pit-type ponds for wildlife?

    <p>To create more accessible water sources for wildlife</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Wildlife Management Applications

    • Animal Damage Control: Aims to control, not eliminate, pest species causing damage, focusing on economic, ecological, and sociological principles. Predator-prey relationships fluctuate based on population changes due to weather, habitat, land use, and hunting. Removing or controlling predators may necessitate alternative control methods.
    • Population Management: Involves monitoring birth/death rates and sex ratio; data collected using surveys (helicopter, spotlight), and harvest recommendations are adjusted for each hunting season, focusing on maintaining maximum sustained yield.
    • Brush Management: Involves removing, reducing, or manipulating woody plants to restore ecosystem balance, enhance wildlife habitat, and prevent wildfire hazards. Both mechanical (tractors) and chemical (herbicides) methods are used. Goating (goats as a control method) can affect other animal habitats.
    • Cropland Management: Optimizes agricultural practices to provide food, cover, and shelter, using diverse cropping techniques to favor wildlife. Leave a strip, rows of unharvested plants, as food plot or avoid thorough tillage.
    • Food Plots: Provide supplemental food sources in areas with poor habitat or during stress periods. Important for species like quail, deer, turkey, and dove. Food plots ideally complement, not replace, good habitat.
    • Grazing Management: Manipulates grazing animals to achieve desired results on rangelands. Stocking rates, livestock type, and pasture rest periods are critical factors influencing wildlife habitat. Pastures should be rested periodically.
    • Providing and Managing Water: Provides water for drinking and habitat. Impoundments are strategically designed considering factors like clay content and slope. Windmills and solar pumps may be used when impoundments are not feasible.
    • Range Planting: Introduces or re-establishes preferred plant species in altered environments to enhance wildlife habitat. Selecting the right species for the soil and climate is essential. Proper planting techniques involving seeding rate, methodology, and subsequent maintenance are critical.

    Specific Pest Species

    • Blackbirds/Starlings: Common pest species impacting crop plots for target wildlife. Controlled with propane cannons due to noise.
    • Hawks, Owls, and Eagles: Protected; considered predators, but contribute naturally to rodent control. Appropriate cover management can minimize loss of game animals.
    • Coyote, Fox, Bobcat, Domestic/Feral Dogs, Mountain Lion, Feral Swine: Predators of varying degrees, impacting livestock and wildlife. Management strategies include hunting and predator control based on specific land needs and objectives.
    • Skunk, Raccoon: Omnivores impacting food plots, wildlife feeds, and eggs.

    Additional Considerations

    • Disking: Soil disturbance (disking, plowing) for creating appropriate habitat. Timing, depth, and pattern influence weed growth, food production, and cover.
    • Prescribed Burning: A tool for habitat manipulation. Suitable for grassland maintenance, creating openings, and impacting nutrient content of forage. Needs careful planning & execution considering weather and seasonal factors.

    Studying That Suits You

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on wildlife population management including quail, deer, and turkey. This quiz covers estimation methods, harvest rates, and habitat management strategies. Prepare to explore various aspects related to wildlife conservation and sustainable practices.

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