Wildland Chainsaw Safety Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What does JHA stand for?

Job Hazard Analysis (correct)

Job Hazard Assessment

Job Hazard Assignment

Job Hazard Arrangement

What does RA stand for?

Risk Assignment

Risk Arrangement

Risk Assessment (correct)

Risk Analysis

Who signs off on the JHA?

Job Leader & Supervisor

What does the JHA cover?

Task/Procedure, Hazards, Abatement, Emergency Evacuation Procedures, First Aid, Emergency Evacuation Plan, PPE Signup and view all the answers

What is considered PPE for chainsaw work? (Select all that apply)

Hardhat Signup and view all the answers

Chaps must stop a chain in how many seconds?

5 sec Signup and view all the answers

What temperature do nylon chaps melt?

500 deg F Signup and view all the answers

What is the NFPA standard for chaps?

1977 Signup and view all the answers

What is the speed rating for chaps?

3200 feet per min Signup and view all the answers

Does complexity trump size?

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the Go/No Go Checklist?

Tool for helping sawyers evaluate if a cutting situation is within their skill set and/or certification. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if you don't feel comfortable with the felling assignment?

Refuse Operation and seek advice from a more experienced faller. Signup and view all the answers

Chaps should be treated as a _______ piece of PPE

critical Signup and view all the answers

How do you clean chaps?

Hose and Brush, 1:10 Citrosqueeze (soak 1/2hr) Rinse, Heavy Soiled: soak overnight Signup and view all the answers

What is the job of the depth gauge (raker)?

Determines depth of cut Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 most common types of saw chains?

Chipper, Chisel, Semi Chisel Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of Chipper chains?

Most versatile, easiest to file Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of Chisel chains?

Most aggressive, fastest with clean wood, dulls fastest Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of Semi-Chisel chains?

Stays sharp longer, tolerates dirt/dust Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Tie Strap in a chainsaw?

Holds saw chain together (special link) Signup and view all the answers

What does the Drive Link do?

Fits in bar & sprocket, draws bar oil Signup and view all the answers

What is a Master Link?

Joins both ends of the chain together (yellow), no more than 2 per chain Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 cutting sequences of chains?

Standard (Full Comp), Semi-Skip, Skip (Full Skip) Signup and view all the answers

What are the critical factors to know when ordering replacement saw chain?

Pitch, Gauge, Number of Drivers Signup and view all the answers

What are the two most common types of bars?

Sprocket Nose Signup and view all the answers

What type of carburetor do chainsaws have?

2 Stage Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 carburetor adjustments?

Idle Speed, Low speed, High speed Signup and view all the answers

What causes blue discoloration on a chainsaw bar?

Excessive Heat Signup and view all the answers

What is the Snap Test on Chain Tension?

1/8" of free play Signup and view all the answers

What are the 4 rules before adjusting tension on a saw chain?

Turn off, Gloves, Cool in Temp, Re-check after every fuel cycle Signup and view all the answers

What is part of Daily Saw Maintenance?

Remove Bar/Chain for inspection, Air Filter, Muffler/Spark Arrester, Inspect Power Head, Replace Bar/Chain if needed Signup and view all the answers

What are the aspects of Weekly Saw Maintenance?

Anti Vibration, Clutch, File Bar prn, Check Spark Plug, Starter Assembly, Clean Carburetor, Check Mesh Signup and view all the answers

What is included in Monthly Saw Maintenance?

Chain Brake, Clutch Spring, Fuel Filter, Flush Fluids, Cables & Switches Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 angles of the saw chain?

Side-Plate angle, Top-plate cutting angle, Depth gauge Signup and view all the answers

Turn the saw off if you're traveling more than ______.

50' Signup and view all the answers

Set the brake if you're traveling more than ______.

2 Steps Signup and view all the answers

What are the two approved gas canisters?

Sigg Signup and view all the answers

Can you drop start a saw?

False Signup and view all the answers

When starting a saw, is the brake on/off?

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the command when starting your saw?

"Starting Up" Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of wedges?

Double Taper Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a Cant Hook and a Peavey?

Cant Hook rolls logs, Peaveys pry logs onto blocks and avoid pinching while bucking. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common fuel container?

Dolmar Signup and view all the answers

What is the NFPA standard for fuel containers?

NFPA 30 Signup and view all the answers

Containers must be filled at what %?

90% capacity Signup and view all the answers

Always place the fuel container on a grounded surface 10' away from any ignition source?

True Signup and view all the answers

Outdoor refueling requires you to be 20' away from an open flame?

True Signup and view all the answers

Allow the saw to cool for how long before re-fueling?

5 min Signup and view all the answers

Do not start the saw closer than 10' from the fueling area?

True Signup and view all the answers

What are the responsibilities of a chainsaw operator?

Monitor Fire, Create Disposal Sites for Cut Material Signup and view all the answers

What are the responsibilities of a swamper?

Assists with cutting area control and establishing fireline, moves cut material Signup and view all the answers

What are the four methods of moving cut material? (Select all that apply)

Dragging Signup and view all the answers

What are windows in chainsaw operations?

Natural openings in the fuels, used as disposal sites for cut material Signup and view all the answers

What are keyholes in chainsaw operations?

Openings cut into continuous fuels, used to dispose of cut material Signup and view all the answers

What does banking refer to in cuts?

Stacking of cut material on the side of the fireline opposite of the fire edge Signup and view all the answers

What does dragging refer to in chainsaw operations?

Removing cut material by dragging Signup and view all the answers

What does chaining refer to in cut material management?

Removing cut material from one person to the next person Signup and view all the answers

What does throwing refer to in cut material management?

Removing cut material by throwing it (black in the black, green in the green) Signup and view all the answers

What does MIST stand for?

Minimal Impact Suppression Tactics Signup and view all the answers

Crown fires require removal of canopy, what's the minimum canopy clearance?

18-20 ft Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Progressive and Leap Frog Line Construction?

Progressive - Each saw team cuts a 'swath' of fireline; Leap Frog - Each saw team bumps up as they complete their chain. Signup and view all the answers

What is kickback?

When the upper quadrant of the bar nose contacts a solid object or pinches, causing the saw to be forced up and back. Signup and view all the answers

How can you avoid kickback?

Hold saw with both hands, don't cut with the top half of the nose, the nose never contacts objects, keep the power head below shoulders, don't overreach, use a sharp chain, lock left elbow, and use a low kickback chain. Signup and view all the answers

What is Pull In?

Bottom bar is pinched & stops, causing the saw to pull forward. Signup and view all the answers

What is Push Back?

Top bar is pinched, causing the saw to pull toward sawyer. Signup and view all the answers

What is Offside?

Side the log may move to when cut, 1st cut. Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum escape path for a chainsaw operation?

8 ft Signup and view all the answers

Is the last cut made to the compression or tension side?

Tension Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps for cutting top binds?

1st Cut offside, 2nd Partial cut to compression side (top), 3rd Cut bottom going up. Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps for cutting bottom binds?

1st Cut offside, 2nd Partial Cut to compression side (bottom), 3rd Cut top going down. Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps for cutting side binds?

1st Pie Cut (compression side), 2nd Release cut (tension side). Signup and view all the answers

What is Blowdown?

Winds have uprooted a tree. Signup and view all the answers

What are Spring Poles?

Limbs bent over and under tension. Signup and view all the answers

What is Boring?

Using the bottom half of the guide bar nose to saw into the tree while felling or bucking. Signup and view all the answers

What is Spring Pole Cutting?

Make a series of shallow cuts less than 1/2 diameter of tree/limb, 1/2' apart, compression side. Signup and view all the answers

What are the 5 elements of the tree felling process?

<ol> <li>Size up & create felling plan, 2. Establish cutting area control, 3. Undercut, 4. Backcut w/wedging, 5. Exiting safely.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

How big should the cutting area be?

2 1/2 size of tree being cut Signup and view all the answers

The first 2 cuts are known as the ______ cut.

undercut Signup and view all the answers

The last cut is known as _______.

backcut Signup and view all the answers

What determines the direction the tree will fall?

Hinge Signup and view all the answers

What are the two parts of the Undercut?

Gunning Cut (Horizontal Cut) Signup and view all the answers

How do you typically choose a wedge?

Half the size of tree diameter. Signup and view all the answers

What are some tree felling techniques? (Select all that apply)

Humboldt Signup and view all the answers

What should you do after the undercut and before your back cut?

Make a loud announcement that you are dropping a tree. Signup and view all the answers

How do you mitigate leaners?

Boring backcut, Triangle Cut Signup and view all the answers

How do you mitigate hangups?

Chunking down, Accordion, Explosives, Rigging, Driving trees over with other trees, Equipment Signup and view all the answers

What is stump/low stumping?

Use wedges to avoid your bar becoming pinched. Twigs also work. Signup and view all the answers

What are the key components of a Falling Plan Outline?

Risk Analysis, Key Locations, Primary Escape Route, Equipment Check, Wedging Plan, Cutting Area Control Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)

JHA stands for Job Hazard Analysis.
Identifies job site hazards and outlines policies, controls, and practices to minimize risks.

Risk Assessment (RA)

RA is synonymous with JHA, serving the same purpose in hazard identification and mitigation.

JHA Approval

The Job Leader and Supervisor are responsible for signing off on the JHA.

JHA Coverage

Includes tasks to be completed, potential hazards, hazard abatement measures, emergency evacuation procedures, first aid, and personal protective equipment (PPE) required.

PPE for Chainsaw Work

Essential PPE items: Hardhat, ANSI approved eye protection, foot protection, gloves, hearing protection (85 dB minimum), long sleeves, pants, chaps, fire shelter, first aid kit, bar cover, and whistle.

Chaps Specifications

Chaps must stop a chainsaw chain in 5 seconds to provide adequate protection.
Nylon chaps melt at 500°F.
NFPA standard for chaps is 1977.
Chaps are rated for a chain speed of 3200 feet per minute.

Complexity vs. Size

Complexity is prioritized over size when evaluating cutting situations.

Go/No Go Checklist

Assists sawyers in determining whether a cutting situation matches their skills or certifications.

Handling Discomfort

If uncomfortable with a felling assignment, refuse the operation and consult a more experienced faller for guidance.

Go/No Go Components

Components include hazards, clearance, hinge, snags, tops, platforms (wedges), and escape routes.

Saw Chain Types

Common types of saw chains: Chipper, Chisel, Semi-Chisel.
Chipper chains are versatile and easy to file.
Chisel chains are aggressive and cut fastest in clean wood but dull quickly.
Semi-Chisel chains maintain sharpness longer and resist dirt.

Chain Components

Tie Strap: Connects saw chain segments.
Drive Link: Engages with the bar and sprocket to drive the chain.
Master Link: Joins the ends of the chain; use a maximum of two per chain.

Cutting Sequence of Chains

Standard (Full Comp), Semi-Skip, and Skip (Full Skip).

Ordering Replacement Saw Chain

Key specifications needed: Pitch, Gauge, Number of Drivers.

Common Bar Types

Solid Nose and Sprocket Nose (Roller Tip).

Chainsaw Carburetors

Chainsaws feature a 2-stage carburetor for versatility in operation.

Carburetor Adjustments

Three key adjustments: Idle Speed, Low Speed, High Speed.

Maintenance Practices

Daily: Inspect bar/chain, air filter, muffler, power head, and safety features.
Weekly: Check anti-vibration components, spark plugs, and clean muffler screen.
Monthly: Inspect chain brake, clutch spring, fuel filter, and flush fluids.

Chain Angles

Three angles to consider: Side-plate angle, Top-plate cutting angle, Depth gauge.

Safety Protocols

Turn off the saw before adjusting tension, wear gloves, ensure the saw is cool, and re-check tension after each fuel cycle.

Fuel Container Practices

Use approved canisters (MSR, Sigg), fill to 90% capacity, and maintain safety distances from ignition sources.

Saw Start Procedures

Always start with the chain brake engaged; announce "Starting Up" when beginning.

Wedge Types

Single Taper for lifting and Double Taper for reducing binding.

Cutting Techniques and Responsibilities

Cant Hook is used for rolling logs, while Peaveys assist in avoiding pinching logs while bucking.
Chain saw operators are responsible for fire monitoring and managing disposal sites for cut materials.

Material Movement Methods

Techniques for moving cut material include throwing, banking, chaining, and dragging.

Crowning and Line Construction

Crown fires necessitate an 18-20 foot clearance from the canopy.
Progressive line construction involves cutting swaths for heavy fuels, while leap frog is for light fuels.

Kickback Prevention

Avoid kickback by maneuvering the saw appropriately, using both hands, and ensuring the chain is sharp.

Handling Binds and Low Stumping

Use specific cutting techniques for top, bottom, side, and end binds.
Stump/low stumping involves using wedges to prevent pinching.

Felling Process Elements

Key steps in tree felling include size-up, cutting area control, undercut, backcut, and safe exit routes.
The undercut is the initial cut that establishes the direction of the fall.

Wedge Selection

Wedges should generally be half the size of the tree diameter for effective use.

Mitigating Techniques

Methods for dealing with leaners include boring backcuts or triangle cuts.
Hangups can be mitigated through chunking down, rigging, or using equipment for assistance.

Minimal Impact Suppression Tactics (MIST)

MIST focuses on efficient and minimally invasive fire suppression methods.

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Description

Test your knowledge on Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) and Risk Assessment (RA) relevant to wildland chainsaw operations. These flashcards cover key concepts, responsibilities, and practices to maintain safety in hazardous work environments.