Wildland Chainsaw Safety Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What does JHA stand for?

  • Job Hazard Analysis (correct)
  • Job Hazard Assessment
  • Job Hazard Assignment
  • Job Hazard Arrangement

What does RA stand for?

  • Risk Assignment
  • Risk Arrangement
  • Risk Assessment (correct)
  • Risk Analysis

Who signs off on the JHA?

Job Leader & Supervisor

What does the JHA cover?

<p>Task/Procedure, Hazards, Abatement, Emergency Evacuation Procedures, First Aid, Emergency Evacuation Plan, PPE</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered PPE for chainsaw work? (Select all that apply)

<p>Hardhat (A), Gloves (C), Eye Protection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chaps must stop a chain in how many seconds?

<p>5 sec</p> Signup and view all the answers

What temperature do nylon chaps melt?

<p>500 deg F</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the NFPA standard for chaps?

<p>1977</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the speed rating for chaps?

<p>3200 feet per min</p> Signup and view all the answers

Does complexity trump size?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Go/No Go Checklist?

<p>Tool for helping sawyers evaluate if a cutting situation is within their skill set and/or certification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if you don't feel comfortable with the felling assignment?

<p>Refuse Operation and seek advice from a more experienced faller.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chaps should be treated as a _______ piece of PPE

<p>critical</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you clean chaps?

<p>Hose and Brush, 1:10 Citrosqueeze (soak 1/2hr) Rinse, Heavy Soiled: soak overnight</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the job of the depth gauge (raker)?

<p>Determines depth of cut</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 most common types of saw chains?

<p>Chipper, Chisel, Semi Chisel</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of Chipper chains?

<p>Most versatile, easiest to file</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of Chisel chains?

<p>Most aggressive, fastest with clean wood, dulls fastest</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of Semi-Chisel chains?

<p>Stays sharp longer, tolerates dirt/dust</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Tie Strap in a chainsaw?

<p>Holds saw chain together (special link)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Drive Link do?

<p>Fits in bar &amp; sprocket, draws bar oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Master Link?

<p>Joins both ends of the chain together (yellow), no more than 2 per chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 cutting sequences of chains?

<p>Standard (Full Comp), Semi-Skip, Skip (Full Skip)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the critical factors to know when ordering replacement saw chain?

<p>Pitch, Gauge, Number of Drivers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two most common types of bars?

<p>Sprocket Nose (B), Solid Nose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of carburetor do chainsaws have?

<p>2 Stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 carburetor adjustments?

<p>Idle Speed, Low speed, High speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes blue discoloration on a chainsaw bar?

<p>Excessive Heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Snap Test on Chain Tension?

<p>1/8&quot; of free play</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 4 rules before adjusting tension on a saw chain?

<p>Turn off, Gloves, Cool in Temp, Re-check after every fuel cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is part of Daily Saw Maintenance?

<p>Remove Bar/Chain for inspection, Air Filter, Muffler/Spark Arrester, Inspect Power Head, Replace Bar/Chain if needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the aspects of Weekly Saw Maintenance?

<p>Anti Vibration, Clutch, File Bar prn, Check Spark Plug, Starter Assembly, Clean Carburetor, Check Mesh</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is included in Monthly Saw Maintenance?

<p>Chain Brake, Clutch Spring, Fuel Filter, Flush Fluids, Cables &amp; Switches</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 angles of the saw chain?

<p>Side-Plate angle, Top-plate cutting angle, Depth gauge</p> Signup and view all the answers

Turn the saw off if you're traveling more than ______.

<p>50'</p> Signup and view all the answers

Set the brake if you're traveling more than ______.

<p>2 Steps</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two approved gas canisters?

<p>Sigg (A), MSR (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can you drop start a saw?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When starting a saw, is the brake on/off?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the command when starting your saw?

<p>&quot;Starting Up&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of wedges?

<p>Double Taper (A), Single Taper (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a Cant Hook and a Peavey?

<p>Cant Hook rolls logs, Peaveys pry logs onto blocks and avoid pinching while bucking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common fuel container?

<p>Dolmar</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the NFPA standard for fuel containers?

<p>NFPA 30</p> Signup and view all the answers

Containers must be filled at what %?

<p>90% capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Always place the fuel container on a grounded surface 10' away from any ignition source?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Outdoor refueling requires you to be 20' away from an open flame?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Allow the saw to cool for how long before re-fueling?

<p>5 min</p> Signup and view all the answers

Do not start the saw closer than 10' from the fueling area?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the responsibilities of a chainsaw operator?

<p>Monitor Fire, Create Disposal Sites for Cut Material</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the responsibilities of a swamper?

<p>Assists with cutting area control and establishing fireline, moves cut material</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four methods of moving cut material? (Select all that apply)

<p>Dragging (A), Throwing (B), Banking (C), Chaining (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are windows in chainsaw operations?

<p>Natural openings in the fuels, used as disposal sites for cut material</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are keyholes in chainsaw operations?

<p>Openings cut into continuous fuels, used to dispose of cut material</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does banking refer to in cuts?

<p>Stacking of cut material on the side of the fireline opposite of the fire edge</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does dragging refer to in chainsaw operations?

<p>Removing cut material by dragging</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does chaining refer to in cut material management?

<p>Removing cut material from one person to the next person</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does throwing refer to in cut material management?

<p>Removing cut material by throwing it (black in the black, green in the green)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does MIST stand for?

<p>Minimal Impact Suppression Tactics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Crown fires require removal of canopy, what's the minimum canopy clearance?

<p>18-20 ft</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Progressive and Leap Frog Line Construction?

<p>Progressive - Each saw team cuts a 'swath' of fireline; Leap Frog - Each saw team bumps up as they complete their chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is kickback?

<p>When the upper quadrant of the bar nose contacts a solid object or pinches, causing the saw to be forced up and back.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can you avoid kickback?

<p>Hold saw with both hands, don't cut with the top half of the nose, the nose never contacts objects, keep the power head below shoulders, don't overreach, use a sharp chain, lock left elbow, and use a low kickback chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Pull In?

<p>Bottom bar is pinched &amp; stops, causing the saw to pull forward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Push Back?

<p>Top bar is pinched, causing the saw to pull toward sawyer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Offside?

<p>Side the log may move to when cut, 1st cut.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum escape path for a chainsaw operation?

<p>8 ft</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is the last cut made to the compression or tension side?

<p>Tension</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps for cutting top binds?

<p>1st Cut offside, 2nd Partial cut to compression side (top), 3rd Cut bottom going up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps for cutting bottom binds?

<p>1st Cut offside, 2nd Partial Cut to compression side (bottom), 3rd Cut top going down.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps for cutting side binds?

<p>1st Pie Cut (compression side), 2nd Release cut (tension side).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Blowdown?

<p>Winds have uprooted a tree.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Spring Poles?

<p>Limbs bent over and under tension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Boring?

<p>Using the bottom half of the guide bar nose to saw into the tree while felling or bucking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Spring Pole Cutting?

<p>Make a series of shallow cuts less than 1/2 diameter of tree/limb, 1/2' apart, compression side.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 5 elements of the tree felling process?

<ol> <li>Size up &amp; create felling plan, 2. Establish cutting area control, 3. Undercut, 4. Backcut w/wedging, 5. Exiting safely.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

How big should the cutting area be?

<p>2 1/2 size of tree being cut</p> Signup and view all the answers

The first 2 cuts are known as the ______ cut.

<p>undercut</p> Signup and view all the answers

The last cut is known as _______.

<p>backcut</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the direction the tree will fall?

<p>Hinge</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two parts of the Undercut?

<p>Gunning Cut (Horizontal Cut) (A), Matching Cut (Sloping Cut) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you typically choose a wedge?

<p>Half the size of tree diameter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some tree felling techniques? (Select all that apply)

<p>Humboldt (A), Conventional (B), Open Face Notch (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do after the undercut and before your back cut?

<p>Make a loud announcement that you are dropping a tree.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you mitigate leaners?

<p>Boring backcut, Triangle Cut</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you mitigate hangups?

<p>Chunking down, Accordion, Explosives, Rigging, Driving trees over with other trees, Equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is stump/low stumping?

<p>Use wedges to avoid your bar becoming pinched. Twigs also work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the key components of a Falling Plan Outline?

<p>Risk Analysis, Key Locations, Primary Escape Route, Equipment Check, Wedging Plan, Cutting Area Control</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)?

A process to identify potential hazards in a job and outlines policies, controls, and practices to minimize risks.

What is the relationship between JHA and Risk Assessment (RA)?

JHA and RA are essentially the same, focusing on identifying and mitigating hazards in a job.

Who approves a JHA?

The Job Leader and Supervisor are responsible for approving the JHA, ensuring it's adequately addressing the potential risks.

What is typically covered in a JHA?

JHA coverage includes details like tasks involved, potential hazards, safety measures, emergency plans, first aid procedures, and required personal protective equipment (PPE).

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What PPE is essential for chainsaw work?

Essential PPE for chainsaw work includes hardhat, eye protection, boots, gloves, hearing protection, long sleeves, pants, chaps, fire shelter, first aid kit, bar cover, and whistle.

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What is the primary function of chaps in chainsaw work?

Chaps are designed to provide immediate protection from a chainsaw chain, and they must be able to stop it within 5 seconds.

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What NFPA standard governs chaps?

NFPA 1977 is the standard that outlines the specific requirements and performance standards for saw chaps.

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When evaluating cutting situations, what is prioritized over size?

The complexity of a cutting situation is paramount when evaluating it, even more important than the size of the tree involved.

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What is the purpose of a Go/No Go checklist?

A Go/No Go checklist helps sawyers determine whether they have the necessary skills and certifications to safely handle a particular cutting operation.

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What should a sawyer do if they feel uncomfortable with a felling assignment?

If a sawyer feels uncomfortable with a felling assignment, they should refuse the operation and seek guidance from a more experienced faller.

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What are some components of a Go/No Go checklist?

A Go/No Go checklist includes important components like hazards, clearance, hinge, snags, tops, platforms (wedges), and escape routes.

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What are some common types of saw chains?

Common types of saw chains include Chipper, Chisel, and Semi-Chisel, each with specific cutting characteristics.

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What is a key characteristic of Chipper chains?

Chipper chains are versatile, easy to maintain, and suitable for various cutting tasks.

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What are some features of Chisel chains?

Chisel chains are known for their aggressive cutting speed in clean wood but tend to dull quickly.

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What's a key characteristic of Semi-Chisel chains?

Semi-Chisel chains strike a balance between sharpness and durability, offering a good compromise for various cutting conditions.

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What is the function of the Tie Strap in a saw chain?

The Tie Strap connects individual segments of the saw chain, holding it together.

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What is the role of the Drive Link in a saw chain?

The Drive Link in a saw chain is responsible for engaging with the bar and sprocket, powering the chain's movement.

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What is the purpose of the Master Link in a saw chain?

The Master Link is used to join the ends of the saw chain, and it's recommended to use a maximum of two per chain.

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What are some common cutting sequences for saw chains?

Standard (Full Comp), Semi-Skip, and Skip (Full Skip) are common cutting sequences for saw chains, based on the number of teeth engaging the wood.

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What specifications are essential when ordering replacement saw chain?

When ordering replacement saw chain, key specifications like Pitch, Gauge, and Number of Drivers are crucial for proper fit and function.

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What are some common bar types for chainsaws?

Solid Nose and Sprocket Nose (Roller Tip) are common bar types for chainsaws, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.

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What type of carburetor is typically used in chainsaws?

Chainsaws usually employ a 2-stage carburetor, allowing for versatility in operation and adjustments for different cutting conditions.

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What are the key adjustments on a chainsaw carburetor?

The three key adjustments on a chainsaw carburetor are Idle Speed, Low Speed, and High Speed, allowing for precise control over the saw's performance.

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What are some daily maintenance practices for chainsaws?

Regular chainsaw maintenance includes daily checks of the bar/chain, air filter, muffler, power head, and safety features.

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What are some key angles to consider when maintaining a saw chain?

Chain angles include Side-plate angle, Top-plate cutting angle, and Depth gauge, which all contribute to the saw's cutting performance and efficiency.

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What safety protocols should be followed when adjusting chainsaw tension?

Always turn off the saw before adjusting tension, wear gloves, ensure the saw is cool, and re-check tension after each fuel cycle.

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What are best practices for handling fuel containers for chainsaws?

Fuel containers should be approved (MSR, Sigg), filled to 90% capacity, and kept away from ignition sources.

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What are proper chainsaw start procedures?

Always start the chainsaw with the chain brake engaged and announce "Starting Up" to alert others.

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What are the different types of wedges used in chainsaw felling?

Single Taper wedges are used for lifting, while Double Taper wedges help reduce binding when cutting.

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What tools are used for moving and cutting logs?

Cant Hooks are used for rolling logs, while Peaveys help avoid pinching logs while bucking.

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What are some responsibilities of a chainsaw operator regarding fire safety?

Chain saw operators are responsible for monitoring for fire hazards and managing disposal sites for cut materials.

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What are some methods for moving cut materials?

Common techniques for moving cut material include throwing, banking, chaining, and dragging, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.

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What is the required clearance for controlling crown fires?

Crown fires require a significant clearance from the canopy, typically 18-20 feet, to prevent the fire from spreading.

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What are different techniques for constructing fire lines?

Progressive line construction involves cutting swaths for heavy fuels, while leap frog is used for light fuels, both aiming to create firebreaks.

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What are some ways to prevent kickback when using a chainsaw?

Avoid kickback by maneuvering the saw appropriately, using both hands, and ensuring the chain is sharp.

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How do you handle binds when using a chainsaw?

Specific cutting techniques are employed for handling top, bottom, side, and end binds, preventing the saw from getting stuck.

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What is stump/low stumping, and how is it done?

Stump/low stumping involves using wedges to prevent logs from pinching, and specific cutting techniques are applied.

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What are the essential elements of the tree felling process?

Key steps in tree felling include size-up, cutting area control, undercut, backcut, and safe exit routes, each contributing to a safe operation.

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What is the purpose of the undercut in tree felling?

The undercut is the initial cut made in the felling process, determining the direction in which the tree will fall.

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What is the general size of wedges used in tree felling?

Wedges are generally chosen to be half the size of the tree diameter for effective use in felling.

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What are some techniques to mitigate the risks associated with leaning trees?

Methods for dealing with leaning trees include boring backcuts or triangle cuts, ensuring safe and controlled felling.

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How are hangups (trees stuck halfway) addressed during felling?

Hangups can be mitigated by carefully chunking down the suspended portion, using rigging techniques, or employing specialized equipment.

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What is Minimal Impact Suppression Tactics (MIST)?

Minimal Impact Suppression Tactics (MIST) focus on efficient and minimally invasive methods for fire suppression, minimizing environmental impacts.

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Study Notes

Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)

  • JHA stands for Job Hazard Analysis.
  • Identifies job site hazards and outlines policies, controls, and practices to minimize risks.

Risk Assessment (RA)

  • RA is synonymous with JHA, serving the same purpose in hazard identification and mitigation.

JHA Approval

  • The Job Leader and Supervisor are responsible for signing off on the JHA.

JHA Coverage

  • Includes tasks to be completed, potential hazards, hazard abatement measures, emergency evacuation procedures, first aid, and personal protective equipment (PPE) required.

PPE for Chainsaw Work

  • Essential PPE items: Hardhat, ANSI approved eye protection, foot protection, gloves, hearing protection (85 dB minimum), long sleeves, pants, chaps, fire shelter, first aid kit, bar cover, and whistle.

Chaps Specifications

  • Chaps must stop a chainsaw chain in 5 seconds to provide adequate protection.
  • Nylon chaps melt at 500°F.
  • NFPA standard for chaps is 1977.
  • Chaps are rated for a chain speed of 3200 feet per minute.

Complexity vs. Size

  • Complexity is prioritized over size when evaluating cutting situations.

Go/No Go Checklist

  • Assists sawyers in determining whether a cutting situation matches their skills or certifications.

Handling Discomfort

  • If uncomfortable with a felling assignment, refuse the operation and consult a more experienced faller for guidance.

Go/No Go Components

  • Components include hazards, clearance, hinge, snags, tops, platforms (wedges), and escape routes.

Saw Chain Types

  • Common types of saw chains: Chipper, Chisel, Semi-Chisel.
  • Chipper chains are versatile and easy to file.
  • Chisel chains are aggressive and cut fastest in clean wood but dull quickly.
  • Semi-Chisel chains maintain sharpness longer and resist dirt.

Chain Components

  • Tie Strap: Connects saw chain segments.
  • Drive Link: Engages with the bar and sprocket to drive the chain.
  • Master Link: Joins the ends of the chain; use a maximum of two per chain.

Cutting Sequence of Chains

  • Standard (Full Comp), Semi-Skip, and Skip (Full Skip).

Ordering Replacement Saw Chain

  • Key specifications needed: Pitch, Gauge, Number of Drivers.

Common Bar Types

  • Solid Nose and Sprocket Nose (Roller Tip).

Chainsaw Carburetors

  • Chainsaws feature a 2-stage carburetor for versatility in operation.

Carburetor Adjustments

  • Three key adjustments: Idle Speed, Low Speed, High Speed.

Maintenance Practices

  • Daily: Inspect bar/chain, air filter, muffler, power head, and safety features.
  • Weekly: Check anti-vibration components, spark plugs, and clean muffler screen.
  • Monthly: Inspect chain brake, clutch spring, fuel filter, and flush fluids.

Chain Angles

  • Three angles to consider: Side-plate angle, Top-plate cutting angle, Depth gauge.

Safety Protocols

  • Turn off the saw before adjusting tension, wear gloves, ensure the saw is cool, and re-check tension after each fuel cycle.

Fuel Container Practices

  • Use approved canisters (MSR, Sigg), fill to 90% capacity, and maintain safety distances from ignition sources.

Saw Start Procedures

  • Always start with the chain brake engaged; announce "Starting Up" when beginning.

Wedge Types

  • Single Taper for lifting and Double Taper for reducing binding.

Cutting Techniques and Responsibilities

  • Cant Hook is used for rolling logs, while Peaveys assist in avoiding pinching logs while bucking.
  • Chain saw operators are responsible for fire monitoring and managing disposal sites for cut materials.

Material Movement Methods

  • Techniques for moving cut material include throwing, banking, chaining, and dragging.

Crowning and Line Construction

  • Crown fires necessitate an 18-20 foot clearance from the canopy.
  • Progressive line construction involves cutting swaths for heavy fuels, while leap frog is for light fuels.

Kickback Prevention

  • Avoid kickback by maneuvering the saw appropriately, using both hands, and ensuring the chain is sharp.

Handling Binds and Low Stumping

  • Use specific cutting techniques for top, bottom, side, and end binds.
  • Stump/low stumping involves using wedges to prevent pinching.

Felling Process Elements

  • Key steps in tree felling include size-up, cutting area control, undercut, backcut, and safe exit routes.
  • The undercut is the initial cut that establishes the direction of the fall.

Wedge Selection

  • Wedges should generally be half the size of the tree diameter for effective use.

Mitigating Techniques

  • Methods for dealing with leaners include boring backcuts or triangle cuts.
  • Hangups can be mitigated through chunking down, rigging, or using equipment for assistance.

Minimal Impact Suppression Tactics (MIST)

  • MIST focuses on efficient and minimally invasive fire suppression methods.

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Test your knowledge on Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) and Risk Assessment (RA) relevant to wildland chainsaw operations. These flashcards cover key concepts, responsibilities, and practices to maintain safety in hazardous work environments.

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