80 Questions
What is the primary purpose of a Wi-Fi network in Indian Railways?
To connect IP enabled devices like mobiles, Smart TV, etc.
What is the frequency band used by Wi-Fi networks in public band?
2.4 GHz and 5GHz
What is the function of an access point (AP) in a Wi-Fi network?
To combine the functions of a Router, switch, and Wireless Radio
Who provides Wi-Fi at Railway stations in Indian Railways?
Railtel and private agencies
What is the purpose of wireless controllers in a LAN?
To manage access points in the LAN
What is the benefit of using Wi-Fi in connecting devices to a network?
It eliminates the need for cables
What is the name of the general purpose Enterprise Wide Area network of Indian Railways?
Railnet
Under what condition can Wi-Fi access be established for other networks like FOIS?
If permitted by the Railway Board
What is the recommended number of users per access point in a typical office environment?
20-25 users
What type of encryption standard is recommended for Wi-Fi usage?
WPA-2
What is the primary function of wireless controllers in Wi-Fi networks?
To manage and control all access points centrally
What is the purpose of configuring access points as extended service sets?
To reduce interference and increase throughput
What is the recommended security measure for Wi-Fi access points in office areas?
Use of WPA-2 security and handing over the security key to the user
What is the advantage of using wireless controllers in Wi-Fi networks?
They automatically adjust the RF band/power of access points
What is the benefit of upgrading the Wi-Fi system in office areas?
It ensures each user gets sufficient bandwidth for satisfactory use
What is the purpose of using strong passwords for both the device admin and Wi-Fi access?
To prevent unauthorized access
What is the primary function of wireless controllers in a WLAN?
To manage access points and reduce interference
What is the main limitation of wireless networks?
The number of devices connected to the access point
What factor affects the strength and consistency of a wireless network's signal?
The environment in which the access point is operating
What is the benefit of using access points with special antennas in a wireless network?
To enhance the capacity of radio link using MIMO
What is the primary reason for using wireless controllers in a WLAN?
To manage access points and reduce interference
What is the result of relocating wireless networking hardware in a WLAN?
Minimized potential for interference
What is a characteristic of wireless networks in offices/residences?
It is a necessary access technology
What is the relationship between the distance from an access point and the signal strength in a WLAN?
The closer to the access point, the stronger the signal
What is the recommended power source for access points to ensure uninterrupted working?
Power over Ethernet (PoE)
What is the primary purpose of using the same SSID on all access points within a campus or building?
To enable smooth roaming
What type of authentication is used to authenticate users through a radius server?
IEEE 802.1x
Why is MAC binding configured in addition to WPA-2 security in temporary access points?
To provide an additional layer of security
What is the recommended configuration for wireless controllers in a Wi-Fi network?
Redundant wireless controllers for managing all access points
What is the primary purpose of using WPA-2 access keys in a Wi-Fi network?
To provide secure authentication for authorized users
What type of devices are used to extend Railnet connectivity to residences using fibre?
DSL modems
What is the recommended configuration for devices working as Wi-Fi access points in residences?
WPA-2 security with MAC binding
What is the primary method to diagnose faults in Wi-Fi equipment hardware?
Testing the equipment with standard instructions given by the manufacturer
What is the purpose of maintaining a dust-free environment for Wi-Fi equipment?
To increase the life of the equipment
Why is it essential to ensure the availability of electrical earth having a value within the limits as per standards?
To ensure uninterrupted power supply
What is the primary purpose of upgrading the software part like firmware of access point or managed equipment?
To fix the faults encountered depending on the type of fault
What is the purpose of taking printouts of the configuration and documenting them?
To maintain a record of the Wi-Fi equipment configuration
What is the primary function of media or channel in Wi-Fi networks?
To connect to an access point
What is the purpose of scheduling regular maintenance for Wi-Fi equipment?
To ensure the equipment is kept clean and tidy without dust
What is the primary consideration when selecting a UPS for Wi-Fi equipment?
The availability of local power supply
What is the recommended power source for access points to ensure uninterrupted working?
UPS
What type of authentication is used to authenticate users through a radius server?
IEEE 802.1x MAC authentication
Why is MAC binding configured in addition to WPA-2 security in temporary access points?
To restrict access to authorized devices
What is the recommended configuration for devices working as Wi-Fi access points in residences?
WPA-2 encryption and MAC binding
What is the primary purpose of using wireless controllers in a Wi-Fi network?
To manage access points centrally using NMS
What is the benefit of using access points with redundancy in a Wi-Fi network?
Enhanced reliability in case of failure
What is the recommended configuration for wireless controllers in a Wi-Fi network?
Active-passive mode
Why is it essential to ensure the availability of electrical earth having a value within the limits as per standards?
To ensure safe operation of Wi-Fi equipment
What is the recommended security measure for Wi-Fi access points in personnel equipment?
Configuring WPA-2 security and handing over the security key to the user
What is the function of an access point in a Wi-Fi network, in addition to providing wireless connectivity?
It acts as a combination of Router, switch and Wireless Radio
What is the benefit of configuring access points as extended service sets?
To reduce interference and increase throughput
What is the recommended number of users per access point in a typical office environment?
20-25 users
What is the primary benefit of using wireless controllers in a Wi-Fi network?
Simplified network management
What is the purpose of wireless controllers in a Wi-Fi network?
To manage and control all access points centrally using NMS
What is the main purpose of configuring access points with strong passwords?
To prevent unauthorized access
What is the primary method of diagnosing faults in Wi-Fi equipment hardware?
Visual inspection
What is the recommended strategy for Wi-Fi access points in office areas?
Providing Wi-Fi as a service
What is the purpose of maintaining a dust-free environment for Wi-Fi equipment?
To prevent equipment failure
What is the purpose of using strong end-to-end encryption standards like WPA in Wi-Fi networks?
To increase security and prevent unauthorized access
What is the benefit of upgrading the Wi-Fi system in office areas?
To ensure each user gets sufficient bandwidth for satisfactory use of the facility
What is the primary consideration when selecting a UPS for Wi-Fi equipment?
Power capacity
What is the primary purpose of scheduling regular maintenance for Wi-Fi equipment?
To prevent equipment failure
What is the purpose of changing the default IP address and password of the access point?
To increase security and prevent unauthorized access
What is the primary purpose of taking printouts of the Wi-Fi equipment configuration and documenting them?
To simplify future troubleshooting
What happens to the data transfer speed of a wireless network when more devices are connected to an access point?
The data transfer speed decreases
What can affect the strength and consistency of a wireless network's signal?
Environment in which the access point is operating
What is a common issue with wireless networks?
Interference
What is the benefit of using access points with special antennas?
Enhanced capacity of radio link
What happens to the signal strength and connection speed as you move closer to an access point?
The signal strength increases and connection speed increases
What is a possible solution to minimize interference in wireless networks?
Relocating wireless networking hardware
What is a characteristic of wireless networks in offices and residences?
Shared network with variable speed
Why do wireless networks have varying speeds?
Due to the environment in which the access point is operating
What is the importance of storing a softcopy of the configuration files?
To reduce downtime in case of a failure
What is a recommended practice to ensure the security of the access point?
Protecting the cables from rodents
What is a recommended measure to maintain the network more efficiently?
Training the staff and updating their knowledge
What should be done periodically to maintain network security?
Change the password
What is a recommended document to keep handy?
Operation and maintenance manual
Why should the IP addressing scheme not be changed without permission?
It may require permission from the Network Administrator
What should be done to ensure the proper functioning of the network?
Do proper lacing of internal wiring
What should not be done to clean the equipment?
Use water
Study Notes
Wi-Fi Introduction
- A wireless network (WLAN) connects a group of computers/IP-enabled devices, augmenting Railnet to connect many devices supporting Wi-Fi wireless connectivity.
- Wi-Fi network can be established as a part of Railnet, and is also provided by Railways at Railway stations through Railtel and other private agencies to extend internet to passengers.
Technology
- Wi-Fi networks operate using radio frequency (RF) technology, mostly at 2.4 GHz and 5GHz in public band.
- An access point (AP) is used to provide a wireless network, connected to a wired network (Railnet) to provide Railnet/Internet services to its clients.
- A wireless controller manages access points, controls RF power, and reduces interference in WLAN, providing advanced user management features.
- Most devices come with built-in Wi-Fi feature, but an add-on adapter can be used if needed.
Wi-Fi Characteristics
- Wireless network is a shared network, and more computers connected to a wireless access point reduce data sent and received per device.
- Signal strength and connection speed decrease with distance from the access point.
- Range and speed of wireless networks depend on the environment in which the access point operates.
- Interference is a major issue, especially indoors, and can be minimized by relocating wireless networking hardware or using access points with special antennas.
Wi-Fi in Offices/Residences
- Wi-Fi has become a necessary access technology in Enterprise LAN.
- Security measures used for improved security include SSID hiding, Mac filtering, static IP addressing, strong passwords, and strong end-to-end encryption standards like WPA.
- In offices, Wi-Fi access points can be provided as personnel equipment or as a service, with WPA-2 security configured and security key handed over to users.
- Wi-Fi as a service in office areas should be provided through access points configured as extended service sets, with wireless controllers, and 20-25 users per access point.
Fault Diagnosis
- Hardware faults can be diagnosed through visual indications, login into the equipment, and standard instructions given by the manufacturer.
- Software faults can be diagnosed by checking or upgrading firmware of access point/managed equipment.
- Media/Channel faults can be diagnosed with testing facility given on the interface device or through measuring instruments.
Installation/Environment
- Equipment should be installed in a dust-free environment, with temperature within the room maintained as per the equipment manufacturer's data sheet.
- Uninterrupted Power supply should be provided, with UPS capacity decided based on local power supply availability.
- Electrical earth value should be within the limits as per standards.
Maintenance Schedule
- Equipment should be kept clean and tidy without dust.
- Manufacturers' recommended checks should be done.
Do’s and Don’ts
- Take printouts of configuration and document them.
- Follow manufacturers' recommended checks and maintenance schedules.
Wi-Fi in Offices and Residences
- Wi-Fi access points should be powered through UPS to ensure uninterrupted working.
- It is recommended to power access points using PoE from the switch port.
- The same SSID should be used on all access points within the same campus/building to ensure smooth roaming.
- Access points should be configured to authenticate users using IEEE 802.1x MAC authentication through a radius server.
- WPA-2 access keys should be configured and kept the same for all access points.
- Wireless controllers should be planned in redundancy to ensure centralized management of access points in case of failure.
Security Measures
- Measures for improved security of networks using Wi-Fi include:
- SSID hiding
- Mac filtering
- Static IP addressing
- Strong passwords for device admin and WiFi access
- Strong end-to-end encryption standards like WPA
- Changing default IP address and password of the access point
- In residences, devices working as Wi-Fi access points should be configured with WPA-2 security and the key should be made available to users.
- MAC binding should also be configured, considering possible devices that may connect to the Wi-Fi access point in a residence.
Wi-Fi Access in Offices
- Wi-Fi access points can be provided as personnel equipment or as a service.
- As a personnel access point, WPA-2 security shall be configured and the security key shall be handed over to the user.
- For Wi-Fi as a service in office areas, access points should be configured as extended service sets whenever possible.
- Wireless controllers should be provided in the network to manage and control all access points centrally using NMS.
- The system should be upgraded to ensure each user gets sufficient bandwidth for satisfactory use of the facility provided.
Technology
- Wi-Fi networks operate using radio frequency (RF) technology in the free band mostly at 2.4 GHz and 5GHz in public band.
- An access point is used for providing a wireless network, connected to the wired network (Railnet) to provide Railnet/Internet services to its clients.
- Wireless controllers are used in the LAN to manage access points.
Best Practices
- Softcopy of configuration files should be stored each time the configuration is changed.
- Cables connecting access points should be protected and secured from rodents.
- Staff should be trained and updated to maintain the network more efficiently.
- Passwords should be changed periodically.
- Operation and maintenance manual should be kept handy.
- Proper lacing of internal wiring should be done.
This quiz covers the introduction to Wi-Fi and wireless networks, their purpose, and their connection to Railnet.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
