Questions and Answers
What are leukocytes?
What are the two classifications of leukocytes?
Granular and agranular
Name the types of granular leukocytes.
Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
What functions do leukocytes serve?
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What are the types of agranular leukocytes?
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Granulocytes are produced ____
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How do agranular leukocytes differ in structure from granular leukocytes?
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What is the percentage of neutrophils in all WBCs?
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What is a primary function of neutrophils?
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What might a high count of neutrophils indicate?
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What might a low count of neutrophils indicate?
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What is the role of eosinophils?
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What percentage of WBCs do eosinophils make up?
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What might a high count of eosinophils indicate?
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What are basophils also known as?
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Basophils release heparin, which ____
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What is one function of basophils?
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What is the percentage of basophils in all WBCs?
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What do neutrophils do?
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What are the roles of eosinophils?
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Study Notes
White Blood Cell Overview
- Leukocytes are white blood cells with nuclei and organelles but lack hemoglobin.
- They are categorized into two groups: granular (containing granules) and agranular (lacking granules).
Granular Leukocytes
- Comprise neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.
- Produced regularly with generally multi-lobed nuclei.
Neutrophils
- Most abundant type of white blood cells (60-70% of all WBCs).
- Smaller granules, pale lilac color; nucleus has two to five lobes.
- Function in phagocytosis to destroy bacteria using lysosomes, defensins, and oxidants.
- Act as first responders during tissue damage; elevated counts indicate bacterial infections, burns, or inflammation.
- Low counts may signal radiation exposure, drug toxicity, or vitamin B12 deficiency.
Eosinophils
- Comprise about 2-4% of WBCs, active in combating parasitic infections.
- Possess large red-orange granules; nucleus typically has two lobes.
- Elevated levels can indicate allergic reactions or autoimmune diseases, while low levels may indicate drug toxicity or stress.
- Function to counteract histamine effects, phagocytize antigen-antibody complexes, and destroy specific parasitic worms.
Basophils
- Comprise 0.5-1% of WBCs, characterized by large blue-purple granules that obscure the nucleus (which has two lobes).
- Also known as mast cells; they release heparin (prevents blood clotting) and histamine (promotes inflammation).
- Elevated basophil counts may indicate allergies, leukemia, or hypothyroidism, while low counts may occur during pregnancy or stress.
Summary of Functions
- Neutrophils: Phagocytosis, elevated during bacterial infections.
- Eosinophils: Combat parasitic infections and allergies, elevated in allergic responses.
- Basophils: Release chemicals like histamine and heparin, involved in inflammatory responses, elevated during allergies.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the classification and characteristics of granular leukocytes, a crucial component of the immune system. Learn about leukocytes, their types, and their functions through engaging flashcards. Perfect for biology students and anyone interested in human anatomy.