White Blood Cells Granular Leukocytes Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What are leukocytes?

  • Platelets
  • Clotting factors
  • White blood cells (correct)
  • Red blood cells

What are the two classifications of leukocytes?

Granular and agranular

Name the types of granular leukocytes.

Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

What functions do leukocytes serve?

<p>Immune functions or protection from bacteria, viruses, and other harmful matter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of agranular leukocytes?

<p>Lymphocytes and monocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Granulocytes are produced ____

<p>On a regular basis and tend to have multi-lobed nuclei.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do agranular leukocytes differ in structure from granular leukocytes?

<p>Agranular leukocytes have large nuclei.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of neutrophils in all WBCs?

<p>60-70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of neutrophils?

<p>Destruction of bacteria through phagocytosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might a high count of neutrophils indicate?

<p>Bacterial infection (A), Stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might a low count of neutrophils indicate?

<p>Drug toxicity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of eosinophils?

<p>They are active in parasitic infections and allergic reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of WBCs do eosinophils make up?

<p>2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might a high count of eosinophils indicate?

<p>Parasitic infections (C), Allergic reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are basophils also known as?

<p>Mast cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Basophils release heparin, which ____

<p>keeps the blood from clotting in the circulatory system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one function of basophils?

<p>Release histamine during allergic reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of basophils in all WBCs?

<p>0.5-1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do neutrophils do?

<p>Engage in phagocytosis and are the first on the scene during tissue damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the roles of eosinophils?

<p>Combat effects of histamine and destroy certain parasitic worms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What are leukocytes?

White blood cells that play a crucial role in the immune system.

What are the two classifications of leukocytes?

Granular leukocytes have granules in their cytoplasm, while agranular leukocytes lack these granules.

What are the types of granular leukocytes?

These leukocytes are characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm.

What functions do leukocytes serve?

Leukocytes defend the body against bacteria, viruses, and other harmful substances.

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What are the types of agranular leukocytes?

These leukocytes lack granules in their cytoplasm.

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Granulocytes are produced ____

Granulocytes are produced regularly and have multi-lobed nuclei.

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How do agranular leukocytes differ in structure from granular leukocytes?

Agranular leukocytes differ in structure from granular leukocytes by having large nuclei.

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What is the percentage of neutrophils in all WBCs?

Neutrophils make up a significant portion of all white blood cells.

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What is a primary function of neutrophils?

Neutrophils destroy bacteria by engulfing them through a process called phagocytosis.

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What might a high count of neutrophils indicate?

A high neutrophil count might indicate a bacterial infection.

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What might a low count of neutrophils indicate?

A low neutrophil count might be caused by drug toxicity.

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What is the role of eosinophils?

Eosinophils are active in parasitic infections and allergic reactions.

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What percentage of WBCs do eosinophils make up?

Eosinophils make up a small percentage of all white blood cells.

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What might a high count of eosinophils indicate?

A high count of eosinophils might indicate a parasitic infection.

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What are basophils also known as?

Basophils, also known as mast cells, release heparin to prevent blood clotting in the circulatory system.

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What is one function of basophils?

Basophils release histamine during allergic reactions.

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What is the percentage of basophils in all WBCs?

Only a small percentage of all white blood cells are basophils.

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What do neutrophils do?

Neutrophils actively destroy bacteria through phagocytosis and are the first line of defense during tissue damage.

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What are the roles of eosinophils?

Eosinophils combat the effects of histamine and destroy certain parasitic worms.

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Study Notes

White Blood Cell Overview

  • Leukocytes are white blood cells with nuclei and organelles but lack hemoglobin.
  • They are categorized into two groups: granular (containing granules) and agranular (lacking granules).

Granular Leukocytes

  • Comprise neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.
  • Produced regularly with generally multi-lobed nuclei.

Neutrophils

  • Most abundant type of white blood cells (60-70% of all WBCs).
  • Smaller granules, pale lilac color; nucleus has two to five lobes.
  • Function in phagocytosis to destroy bacteria using lysosomes, defensins, and oxidants.
  • Act as first responders during tissue damage; elevated counts indicate bacterial infections, burns, or inflammation.
  • Low counts may signal radiation exposure, drug toxicity, or vitamin B12 deficiency.

Eosinophils

  • Comprise about 2-4% of WBCs, active in combating parasitic infections.
  • Possess large red-orange granules; nucleus typically has two lobes.
  • Elevated levels can indicate allergic reactions or autoimmune diseases, while low levels may indicate drug toxicity or stress.
  • Function to counteract histamine effects, phagocytize antigen-antibody complexes, and destroy specific parasitic worms.

Basophils

  • Comprise 0.5-1% of WBCs, characterized by large blue-purple granules that obscure the nucleus (which has two lobes).
  • Also known as mast cells; they release heparin (prevents blood clotting) and histamine (promotes inflammation).
  • Elevated basophil counts may indicate allergies, leukemia, or hypothyroidism, while low counts may occur during pregnancy or stress.

Summary of Functions

  • Neutrophils: Phagocytosis, elevated during bacterial infections.
  • Eosinophils: Combat parasitic infections and allergies, elevated in allergic responses.
  • Basophils: Release chemicals like histamine and heparin, involved in inflammatory responses, elevated during allergies.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the classification and characteristics of granular leukocytes, a crucial component of the immune system. Learn about leukocytes, their types, and their functions through engaging flashcards. Perfect for biology students and anyone interested in human anatomy.

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