24 Questions
What is a physical change?
When matter transforms and new substances are not created.
What is an example of a chemical change?
Burning of wood
What is oxidation?
A type of chemical change
What is the purpose of the 'five Rs'?
To reduce waste and protect the environment
What is the difference between a natural material and a man-made material?
Natural materials are obtained directly from nature, while man-made materials are processed from natural materials
What is the main consideration when choosing a material for a specific purpose?
Its properties
What is combustion?
A type of chemical change
What is a reversible change?
A change where matter returns to its original state
What is the definition of matter?
Anything that has weight and occupies a space
What is the amount of matter a body has?
Mass
What allows heat or electricity to pass through a substance?
Conductivity
What is the property of matter that is measured with a thermometer?
Temperature
What is the energy that can transfer from one matter to another?
Heat
What is the space occupied by a body?
Volume
What is the ability of a substance to dissolve into another matter?
Solubility
What is the property of a substance that allows it to return to its original shape?
Elasticity
What is a characteristic of a heterogeneous mixture?
You can see the individual substances
Which method is used to separate a heterogeneous mixture of a liquid and a solid?
Filtration
What is a characteristic of a pure substance?
Composed of a single substance
What is an example of an irreversible change in matter?
Burning of wood
What is the purpose of distillation?
To separate a homogeneous mixture into two liquids and a solid
What is a characteristic of a homogeneous mixture?
You can't see the individual substances
Which method is used to separate a homogeneous mixture of a liquid and a solid?
Evaporation
What is a characteristic of a reversible change in matter?
Matter can return to its original state
Study Notes
What is Matter?
- Matter is anything that has weight and occupies a space.
- Principal properties of matter: mass and volume.
- Mass: the amount of matter a body has.
- Volume: the space occupied by a body.
Properties of Matter
- Conductivity: allows heat or electricity to pass through it.
- Smell and taste.
- Colour and brightness.
- Magnetism: attracts other things.
- Solubility: dissolves into other matter.
- Strength: some are easy to break, some are difficult.
- Hardness: some are hard, some are soft and weak.
- Transparency: some are transparent and you can see through them, others are opaque and you can't.
- Elasticity: things stretch and then return to their original shape.
Heat and Temperature
- Heat: energy that can transfer from one matter to another.
- Temperature: a property of matter that is measured with a thermometer.
- Physical change: when no new substances are created.
- Chemical change: when matter is transformed by a process, like burning some paper, and new substances are created.
- Oxidation: some materials combine with oxygen in the air to form rust, a new substance.
- Combustion: some materials burn when there is oxygen and we heat them.
Matter and Materials
- We use materials for different purposes.
- To choose a material, we consider the properties that are most suitable for its use.
- We obtain natural materials directly from nature, like wood from a tree.
- We can apply processes to make man-made materials from natural materials.
- We must reduce, refuse, reuse, repair, and recycle materials to protect the environment.
Five ‘R’
- Reduce: think about if you really need something before buying to avoid waste.
Mixtures and Substances
- Pure substances: composed of a single substance.
- Mixtures: composed of various substances.
- Heterogenous mixture: you can see the individual substances.
- Homogenous mixture: you can NOT see the individual substances.
Methods to Separate Mixtures
- Filtration: separates heterogenous mixtures of a liquid and a solid.
- Evaporation: separates homogenous mixtures of a liquid and a solid.
- Distillation: separates homogenous mixtures into two liquids and a solid.
- Decantation: separates heterogenous mixtures into two liquids.
Changes in Matter
- A change is reversible if matter can return to its original state.
- A change is irreversible when matter can NOT return to its original state.
Learn about the definition and properties of matter, including mass and volume.
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