What is Diabetes?
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Questions and Answers

What is an important aspect of a healthy lifestyle for diabetes management?

  • Ignoring blood glucose monitoring
  • Consuming high amounts of added sugars
  • Decreasing physical activity
  • Choosing complex carbohydrates (correct)

    • What is a risk factor for unstable blood glucose levels?

  • Regular exercise and healthy eating
  • Frequent blood glucose monitoring
  • Inadequate insulin use and irregular diet (correct)
  • Proper use of insulin and balanced nutrition

    • What is an important aspect of comprehensive education for diabetes management?

  • Focusing solely on medication adherence
  • Ignoring blood glucose monitoring and dietary guidelines
  • Avoiding exercise and stress
  • Proper use of insulin and health teaching about diabetes (correct)

    • What is a potential consequence of high blood sugar levels and frequent injections?

    <p>Risk for infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is evidenced by patient questions and misunderstanding of diabetes care?

    <p>Deficient Knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is diabetes according to the World Health Organization (WHO)?

    <p>A chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characterized by deficient insulin production and requires daily administration of insulin?

    <p>Type 1 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is gestational diabetes?

    <p>A type of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes?

    <p>Having a close family member with type 2 diabetes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a normal blood sugar level?

    <p>Less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a sign of diabetes?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can type 1 diabetes be prevented or delayed?

    <p>By making lifestyle changes such as reaching and keeping a healthy body weight, staying physically active, and eating a healthy diet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of diet is recommended for people with diabetes?

    <p>A diet focused on nutrient-dense foods like fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and heart-healthy fats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    What is Diabetes?

    • Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces.
    • There are three main types of diabetes: type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes.

    Type 1 Diabetes

    • Characterized by deficient insulin production, requiring daily administration of insulin.

    Type 2 Diabetes

    • Affects how the body uses sugar (glucose) for energy, stopping the body from using insulin properly, leading to high levels of blood sugar if not treated.

    Gestational Diabetes

    • A type of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy, characterized by hyperglycaemia with blood glucose values above normal but below those diagnostic of diabetes.

    Risk Factors for Diabetes

    • Being overweight or obese
    • Being physically inactive
    • Being age 45 or older
    • Having high blood pressure or high cholesterol levels
    • Having a close family member with type 2 diabetes
    • Having a history of heart disease, stroke, gestational diabetes, or polycystic ovary syndrome

    Blood Sugar Levels

    • Normal blood sugar level: less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L)
    • Blood sugar level above 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) after two hours: diagnosed with diabetes
    • Blood sugar level between 140 and 199 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L and 11.0 mmol/L): prediabetes

    Signs and Symptoms of Diabetes

    • Polyuria (increased urination)
    • Polydipsia (increased thirst)
    • Polyphagia (increased hunger)
    • Fatigue
    • Blurred vision
    • Numbness or tingling in the feet or hands
    • Sores that do not heal
    • Unexplained weight loss

    Prevention of Diabetes

    • Lifestyle changes are the best way to prevent or delay the onset of type 1 diabetes
    • Maintain a healthy body weight
    • Stay physically active (at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise daily)
    • Eat a healthy diet (avoid sugar and saturated fat)
    • Avoid smoking

    Dietary Recommendations for Diabetes

    • Focus on nutrient-dense foods like fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and heart-healthy fats
    • Choose complex carbohydrates for grains
    • Limit intake of added sugars (in processed baked goods or sugar-sweetened beverages)

    Management of Diabetes

    • Use of insulin
    • Encourage a healthy lifestyle
    • Carbohydrate counting
    • Balanced nutrition
    • Avoiding hypoglycemia
    • Exercise recommendations
    • Blood glucose management
    • Comprehensive education
    • Proper use of insulin
    • Health teaching about diabetes
    • Psychosocial support

    Nursing Diagnosis

    • Ineffective Health Maintenance
    • Risk for Unstable Blood Glucose Level
    • Risk for Infection
    • Deficient Knowledge
    • Risk for Ineffective Therapeutic Regimen Management

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    Description

    Learn about the definition and types of diabetes, including Type 1, Type 2, and Gestational Diabetes, and how it affects the body's use of insulin and glucose.

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