2.1 – Ports and Protocols: Common Network Ports
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of FTP?

  • Encrypt data for secure communication
  • Establish a remote desktop connection
  • Manage network traffic through firewalls
  • Transfer files between devices (correct)

Which port number is used by FTP for controlling data transfers?

  • TCP port 22
  • TCP port 21 (correct)
  • TCP port 20
  • TCP port 80

What is the purpose of using well-known port numbers in communication?

  • To ensure encryption of the data being sent
  • To facilitate memory recall of port numbers
  • To manage device authentication protocols
  • To enable both server and client to communicate effectively (correct)

What type of authentication might FTP require?

<p>Username and password credentials (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is typically used for terminal or command line access to a remote device?

<p>SSH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for firewalls to recognize port numbers?

<p>To decide whether to allow or disallow traffic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common port number used by SSH?

<p>TCP port 22 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of data does SSH send over the network?

<p>Encrypted data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of NetBIOS used over TCP/IP?

<p>To find devices by name (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which version of SNMP introduced encryption for message integrity and authentication?

<p>SNMPv3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What TCP port does the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) commonly use?

<p>389 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of SNMP traps?

<p>To send alerts to the management station (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is typically used for remote desktop sharing in Windows?

<p>RDP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which transport mechanism does SMB use for direct communication between devices?

<p>TCP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of SNMP version 1?

<p>Non-encrypted data transmission (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What UDP port is used by SNMP for performing queries?

<p>161 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a characteristic of Active Directory in relation to LDAP?

<p>Is a common implementation of LDAP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scenarios would you likely use NetBIOS instead of direct TCP/IP communication?

<p>With older Windows network configurations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason to avoid using Telnet for connections over a network?

<p>Telnet communications are not encrypted. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What TCP port is commonly associated with Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)?

<p>25 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What protocol is commonly used for receiving emails?

<p>POP3 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Domain Name System (DNS)?

<p>To resolve IP addresses from domain names. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following protocols uses UDP for communication?

<p>DNS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)?

<p>To assign IP addresses automatically. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ports is used by the HTTP protocol?

<p>80 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What protocol is designed for multiple email clients to access the same mailbox?

<p>IMAP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'S' in HTTPS stand for?

<p>Secure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is commonly used by Microsoft Windows for file transfers?

<p>SMB (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3)?

<p>To retrieve emails from a server. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does DHCP use to assign IP addresses to devices?

<p>Dynamic leasing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common application of SMTP?

<p>Receiving emails (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol uses TCP port 443?

<p>HTTPS (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Port Number

A numerical identifier assigned to a network service, allowing devices to communicate and access specific services.

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

A protocol used to transfer files between computers. It uses two port numbers: Port 20 for data transfer and Port 21 for control.

Protocol

A standard set of rules for exchanging information between computers over a network. It specifies how data is formatted, transmitted, and received.

FTP Port 20

Port 20 is used by FTP to transfer data between computers.

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FTP Port 21

Port 21 is used by FTP to control the data transfer process. This includes establishing connections, managing file transfers, and sending commands.

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Secure Shell (SSH)

A protocol used to securely connect to a remote computer and access a terminal or command line interface. It typically communicates over TCP on port 22.

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SSH Port 22

Port 22 is used by SSH to establish secure connections for remote access to a computer.

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Firewall

A network security device that controls incoming and outgoing network traffic, often based on port numbers and other criteria.

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Telnet

A protocol that allows text-based communication with remote devices, but all communication is sent unencrypted.

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SSH (Secure Shell)

A secure protocol for text-based communication with remote devices. It uses encryption to protect data.

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SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

Protocol used for sending email messages between email servers and email clients.

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POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3)

Protocol used for receiving email messages from email servers to email clients.

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IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)

Protocol used for synchronizing email across multiple devices and accessing email messages on an email server.

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DNS (Domain Name System)

Protocol used to resolve a website's domain name to its corresponding IP address.

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DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

Protocol used for assigning automatic IP addresses to devices on a network.

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SMB (Server Message Block)

Protocol used for exchanging files and information between devices on a network.

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HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

Protocol used for transferring data between web browsers and web servers.

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HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure)

Secure version of HTTP that uses encryption to protect data.

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Network Mask

Part of the IP address that identifies a specific network.

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IP address (Internet Protocol address)

A unique identifier assigned to a device on a network.

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Static IP Address

A unique identifier assigned to a device on a network that is statically assigned.

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Dynamic IP Address

A unique identifier assigned to a device on a network that is assigned automatically.

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NetBIOS (NetBIOS over TCP/IP)

A networking protocol used in older Windows versions to connect over a local network.

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UDP Port 137

UDP port used by NetBIOS to find devices on a network.

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TCP Port 139

UDP port used by NetBIOS to transfer data between devices.

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SMB over TCP/IP (Server Message Block)

A file sharing protocol used in modern Windows systems.

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TCP Port 445

TCP port used by SMB to connect to files and devices.

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SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)

A protocol used to manage network devices.

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UDP Port 161

UDP port used by SNMP to query network devices.

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UDP Port 162

UDP port used by SNMP to send alerts about network issues.

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LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)

A protocol used to query directories on a network, like Active Directory.

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TCP Port 389

TCP port used by LDAP to communicate with directories.

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Study Notes

Well-Known Port Numbers

  • Services use port numbers for communication; both servers and clients, and firewalls, need to know the port numbers.
  • Port numbers are crucial for communication; firewalls use port numbers to allow or disallow traffic.
  • Memorizing port numbers is important for network administration and protocols.

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

  • FTP transfers files between devices.
  • FTP uses TCP port 20 for data transfer and TCP port 21 for controlling the transfer.
  • FTP often requires authentication, but anonymous access is possible.
  • FTP has file management functions (listing, adding, deleting, renaming files).

SSH (Secure Shell)

  • SSH provides a secure terminal connection to a remote device.
  • SSH uses TCP port 22.
  • SSH encrypts all communications; it's more secure than Telnet.

Telnet

  • Telnet provides a text-based connection to a remote device's console.
  • Telnet uses TCP port 23.
  • Telnet communications are unencrypted.
  • Telnet is generally discouraged for remote access and security reasons.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

  • SMTP is used for email communication between servers and clients.
  • SMTP uses TCP port 25; both sending and receiving mail use.
  • Receiving mail involves different protocols than sending. IMAP, POP3

DNS (Domain Name System)

  • DNS resolves domain names into IP addresses.
  • DNS uses UDP port 53 to connect with DNS servers.
  • DNS is vital for finding server IP addresses (as they can change).

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

  • DHCP assigns IP addresses dynamically.
  • DHCP uses UDP port 67 (server) and UDP port 68 (client).
  • DHCP servers are commonly built into routers and wireless access points.
  • A leasing system allows for dynamic IP address assignment based on duration.
  • Network Administrators can create DHCP reservations, where the same IP address is assigned to a device each time.

HTTP and HTTPS

  • HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is used by browsers for communicating to web servers.
  • HTTP uses TCP port 80.
  • HTTPS (Secure HTTP) uses TCP port 443 for encrypted communication.

POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3)

  • POP3 retrieves email messages to clients.
  • POP3 uses TCP port 110.
  • POP3 isn't designed for multiple clients accessing the same inbox.

IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)

  • IMAP synchronizes email across multiple clients.
  • IMAP uses TCP port 143.

SMB (Server Message Block)

  • SMB is a protocol used by Windows to transfer files.
  • SMB also known as CIFS (Common Internet File System).
  • Older Windows systems use NetBIOS over TCP/IP.
  • NetBIOS uses UDP port 137 (name service), TCP port 139 (sessions), TCP port 445

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)

  • SNMP allows network management devices to query infrastructure devices for performance details.
  • SNMP uses UDP port 161.
  • SNMP traps use UDP port 162 for alerts.
  • SNMP versions vary in security features (v1 is unencrypted, v2 added bulk transfers, and v3 encrypts).

LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)

  • LDAP accesses directories on a modern network.
  • LDAP uses TCP port 389.
  • Examples of LDAP implementations include Microsoft Active Directory

RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol)

  • RDP facilitates remote access to a Windows desktop.
  • RDP uses TCP port 3389.
  • RDP can be used to control a system or single applications.
  • Clients are available for multiple operating systems.

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Description

This quiz covers essential port numbers used in networking, including FTP, SSH, and Telnet. Test your knowledge on the specific ports and functionalities associated with these important protocols. Understanding these concepts is crucial for network administration and security.

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