Questions and Answers
What is the radius of the plunger in the guided-bend test jig?
What should be the width of the die in the guided-bend test jig?
Where should the weld be placed on the side bend specimen in the guided-bend test jig?
What happens if a single side bend specimen fails the test for a weld diameter greater than 12 3/4 in. (323.9 mm)?
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When does a change in welding direction necessitate requalification?
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What change in joint design requires requalification?
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What is required for a welder to complete multiple qualification?
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What does the first test for multiple qualification involve?
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What does the second test for multiple qualification involve?
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What qualifies a welder to weld in various scenarios?
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What is outlined in the text regarding test weld specimens?
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When is requalification necessary for a change in filler metal classification?
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What does a welder's successful completion of the butt weld qualification test qualify them for?
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What is required for a welder to be qualified for various welding scenarios?
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What does a change in welder's qualified position require?
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What does the text provide detailed guidelines for?
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What type of testing can be used for nondestructive testing (NDT) of butt welds?
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Under what conditions is retesting possible for a welder who fails a test?
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What type of records must be maintained for each welder and their test results?
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What type of surfaces must be welded?
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What should the alignment of abutting ends minimize?
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What must be used for butt welds in accordance with the welding procedure specification?
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What must mill bevels on pipe ends conform to?
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Under what weather conditions should welding not be done?
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What is the minimum working clearance around the pipe at the weld when the pipe is welded above ground?
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Where can detailed requirements for preparing and testing fillet weld specimens be found?
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Who must weld piping according to the text?
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What type of testing is not mentioned as a method for nondestructive testing (NDT) of butt welds?
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What is the minimum width required for test specimens of fillet-welded joints?
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How are fillet weld specimens required to be cooled prior to testing?
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What is the aim of the welder qualification test?
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When is a welder considered qualified after completing the procedure qualification test?
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What happens if there are changes in the essential variables for welder qualification?
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What type of weld must a welder make for qualification to a single weld procedure specification?
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What is required for a welder to be qualified within the limits of the essential variables described?
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When is requalification necessary for a change in filler metal classification?
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What must mill bevels on pipe ends conform to?
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What happens if a single side bend specimen fails the test for a weld diameter greater than 12 3/4 in. (323.9 mm)?
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What does a welder need to do if there are changes in welding procedure specifications?
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What type of testing is required for destructive testing of butt welds?
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When may high-strength pipe welds have bend test limitations?
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Where can detailed guidelines for destructive testing of production welds be found?
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What is required for sampling of test fillet welds for testing?
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What is the consequence of failure in destructive testing of butt welds?
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What does completion of butt weld and branch weld requirements on pipe with OD less than 12.750 in. qualify a welder for?
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What is required for a welder to be qualified to weld in various scenarios?
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When is requalification necessary for a change in filler metal classification?
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What are the visual examination requirements for qualification tests?
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What is outlined in Table 3 regarding destructive testing of production welds?
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What is required for destructive testing of butt welds?
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Study Notes
Welding Standards and Requirements for Fillet Welds and Butt Welds
- Fillet weld specimens must be prepared and tested as described in section 5.8
- Nondestructive testing (NDT) for butt welds can be done using radiography or automatic ultrasonic testing
- Radiography or automatic ultrasonic testing must be performed on each test weld to qualify a welder
- Retesting is possible if a welder fails due to unavoidable conditions, but subsequent welder training is required
- Detailed records of tests given to each welder and their results must be maintained
- Piping must be welded by qualified welders using qualified procedures
- Surfaces to be welded must be smooth, uniform, and free from deleterious material
- Alignment of abutting ends must minimize the offset between surfaces
- Lineup clamps must be used for butt welds in accordance with the welding procedure specification
- Mill bevels on pipe ends must conform to the joint design used in the welding procedure specification
- Welding must not be done in weather conditions that would impair the quality of the completed weld
- When the pipe is welded above ground, the working clearance around the pipe at the weld should not be less than 16 in. (400 mm)
Welding Test Joints and Qualification of Welders
- The fillet weld for the test joint must be made following the welding procedure specification and one of the configurations shown in Figure 10.
- Test specimens for fillet-welded joints must be at least 1 inch wide and long enough to be broken in the weld.
- Fillet weld specimens must be broken in the weld by any convenient method and then air cooled to ambient temperature prior to testing.
- Requirements for fillet weld specimens include complete penetration and fusion, limited gas pockets, and specific dimensions for slag inclusions.
- Test specimens for joints with an OD less than 2.375 in. are cut from the same general location, with two specimens removed from each of two test welds.
- The location of test specimens for joints with an OD greater than or equal to 2.375 in. is shown in Figure 10.
- The welder qualification test aims to determine the ability of welders to make sound butt or fillet welds using previously qualified procedures.
- A welder who satisfactorily completes the procedure qualification test is considered qualified, provided the test specimens meet the acceptance criteria.
- The qualification of welders is conducted in the presence of a representative acceptable to the company, and essential variables for welder qualification are different from those for procedure qualification.
- For qualification to a single weld procedure specification, a welder must make a test weld using a qualified procedure to join pipe nipples or segments of pipe nipples.
- Changes in the essential variables require requalification of the welder, and the weld must meet specific requirements to be acceptable.
- A welder who has successfully completed the qualification test is qualified within the limits of the essential variables described, and any changes to these variables require requalification using an applicable qualified procedure.
Welder Qualification and Testing Requirements for Pipe Welding
- A welder who completes butt weld and branch weld requirements on pipe with OD less than 12.750 in. is qualified to weld in all positions, wall thicknesses, joint designs, and pipe ODs less than or equal to the OD used in qualification tests.
- Changes in welding procedure specifications, filler metal classification, or welding direction require requalification of the welder.
- Visual examination requirements for qualification tests include being free from cracks, inadequate penetration, and presenting a neat appearance.
- Destructive testing involves sampling of test butt welds, with specific locations for specimen removal and testing procedures outlined.
- Tensile strength, nick break, and bend test procedures are required for butt welds, with specific test requirements and consequences for failure.
- High-strength pipe welds may have bend test limitations, and additional specimens may be used for retesting if the imperfection observed is not representative of the weld.
- Table 3 outlines the type and number of butt weld test specimens required per welder for welder qualification test and destructive testing of production welds based on pipe diameter and wall thickness.
- Sampling of test fillet welds for testing involves specific locations for specimen removal and air cooling prior to testing.
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Description
Test your knowledge of welding standards and requirements for fillet welds and butt welds with this quiz. Explore the specific criteria for preparing and testing fillet weld specimens, nondestructive testing methods for butt welds, and the qualification process for welders. Brush up on essential variables, acceptance criteria, and requalification requirements in this comprehensive quiz.
