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Questions and Answers

How can limiting screen time help in managing weight?

  • It decreases interest in fast foods.
  • It increases exposure to food advertisements.
  • It helps avoid exposure to advertisements for less-nutritious foods. (correct)
  • It reduces the time available for physical activities.

    • What is a potential result of banning fast-food advertising during children’s programs?

  • Reduction in number of teens affected by overweight (correct)
  • Increase in consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks
  • Increase in food company revenue
  • Increase in children's interest in fast foods

    • Why is it beneficial to have a friend join you in weight management activities?

  • Because it provides social support and motivation. (correct)
  • Because it reduces the need for professional advice.
  • Because friends can make decisions for you.
  • Because friends are more knowledgeable about weight management.

    • Who should be consulted for determining the best weight-management strategy for your health?

    <p>A healthcare professional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one characteristic of effective weight loss competitions?

    <p>They offer social support.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between screen time and exposure to food advertisements?

    <p>More screen time increases exposure to less-nutritious food advertisements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might someone participate in formal groups to lose weight?

    <p>To gain social support and motivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of advertisements seen by children and teens relate to food?

    <p>More than one-half</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can undermine weight-loss efforts?

    <p>Mind-set about weight-management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of foods do most advertisements aimed at children and teens promote?

    <p>Fast foods, snack foods, and sugar-sweetened drinks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Managing Your Weight

    Factors Influencing Weight

    • Genetics play a role in obesity, but it's not the only factor
    • Environmental factors:
      • Food intake: types and amounts of food consumed
      • Energy density: calories per volume of food
      • Satiety: feeling of fullness after eating
      • Physical activity: amount of activity each day
      • Sedentary lifestyle: little physical activity
    • Psychological factors:
      • Stress: can lead to overeating and weight gain
      • Emotional eating: eating in response to negative emotions
      • Body image: perception of one's own body
    • Weight loss and maintenance: calorie restriction, low-calorie diet, very-low-calorie diet (VLCD), behavior modification, self-monitoring, goal setting, social support

    Energy Balance and Weight

    • Energy balance: relationship between energy intake and expenditure
    • If energy intake = energy expenditure, weight stays the same
    • If energy intake > energy expenditure, weight gain occurs
    • If energy intake < energy expenditure, weight loss occurs
    • Basal metabolic rate (BMR): energy body uses for basic physiological processes
    • Metabolism: sum of all chemical reactions in the body
    • Physical activity: any movement that uses energy

    Body Composition

    • Relative amounts of lean body mass and fat in the body
    • Body-fat distribution: important for health
    • Measuring body composition: skinfold calipers, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), underwater weighing

    Body Mass Index (BMI)

    • Tool for assessing weight status
    • Calculated by dividing weight in pounds by height in inches squared
    • BMI values interpreted differently for children, teens, and adults
    • Imperfect tool, as muscles may have a high BMI

    Healthy Weight Management Strategies

    • Set and reward realistic goals
    • Avoid unhealthy strategies: fad diets, appetite suppressants, diuretics
    • Eat mindfully: appreciate food, portion out snacks, take small bites, savor flavors
    • Keep a food diary
    • Limit screen time: watching TV, playing video games, scrolling through social media
    • Enlist support: friends, family, healthcare professionals

    Fad Diets

    • Promise more than they can deliver
    • Often unsafe and ineffective long-term weight-loss strategies
    • Examples: fat-free/low-fat, keto, Atkins, paleo, zone, South Beach
    • Health effects: nutritional deficiencies, constipation, diabetes, kidney stones, gout

    Health Consequences of Overweight and Obesity

    • Cardiovascular disease
    • Hypertension
    • High cholesterol and triglycerides
    • Liver and bladder disease
    • Cancers of the breast, colon, kidney, pancreas, cervix, and prostate
    • Type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Respiratory, sleep, and joint conditions
    • Trouble getting pregnant

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    Description

    Learn about the impact of underweight, overweight, and obesity on your health, including skin, hair, and bone conditions, and decreased immunity.

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