Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the null hypothesis assume?
What does the null hypothesis assume?
- The effect observed in the data reflects a real effect
- There is a difference between groups/variables/etc.
- The sample has a strong positive correlation coefficient
- There is no difference between groups/variables/etc. (correct)
What does the standard error of measurement (SEM) measure?
What does the standard error of measurement (SEM) measure?
- The variability of a person taking the same test several times (correct)
- The accuracy of the test scores
- The percentage of test scores falling within one standard deviation
- The variability of test scores within a group
What does the range measure?
What does the range measure?
- The variability of test scores within a group
- The biggest number in the distribution
- The smallest number in the distribution
- The difference between the biggest and smallest numbers in the distribution (correct)
Which type of measurement scale has the highest level of measurement?
Which type of measurement scale has the highest level of measurement?
What does skew measure in a distribution?
What does skew measure in a distribution?
What does a low standard error of measurement (SEM) indicate?
What does a low standard error of measurement (SEM) indicate?
What does a strong positive correlation coefficient indicate?
What does a strong positive correlation coefficient indicate?
What does qualitative research aim to figure out?
What does qualitative research aim to figure out?
Which type of sampling method involves grouping the samples and then randomly selecting from each group?
Which type of sampling method involves grouping the samples and then randomly selecting from each group?
What type of error occurs when the original hypothesis stated there was no difference in the variables, but the research showed there are differences, leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis?
What type of error occurs when the original hypothesis stated there was no difference in the variables, but the research showed there are differences, leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis?
What is the purpose of factor analysis?
What is the purpose of factor analysis?
Which effect is defined as the placebo effect, where knowing you are in a study can skew the results?
Which effect is defined as the placebo effect, where knowing you are in a study can skew the results?
What type of variables are manipulated to create a desired outcome in an experiment?
What type of variables are manipulated to create a desired outcome in an experiment?
When a study blends similar study results to review the outcomes, what method is being used?
When a study blends similar study results to review the outcomes, what method is being used?
'The original hypothesis said there was no difference in the variables and the research proved it to be correct, so the null is accepted.' What type of error does this statement reflect?
'The original hypothesis said there was no difference in the variables and the research proved it to be correct, so the null is accepted.' What type of error does this statement reflect?
Flashcards
Null Hypothesis
Null Hypothesis
The assumption that there is no significant difference or relationship between variables.
Standard Error of Measurement (SEM)
Standard Error of Measurement (SEM)
Measures the amount of random variation or error in a measurement.
Range
Range
The difference between the highest and lowest values in a dataset.
Skew
Skew
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Low SEM
Low SEM
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Strong Positive Correlation
Strong Positive Correlation
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Qualitative Research
Qualitative Research
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Cluster Sampling
Cluster Sampling
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Type I Error
Type I Error
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Type II Error
Type II Error
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Factor Analysis
Factor Analysis
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Independent Variables
Independent Variables
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Meta-Analysis
Meta-Analysis
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Hawthorne Effect
Hawthorne Effect
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Failing to Reject the Null Hypothesis
Failing to Reject the Null Hypothesis
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Study Notes
Hypothesis and Measurement
- The null hypothesis assumes that there is no significant difference or relationship between variables.
- The standard error of measurement (SEM) measures the amount of random variation or error in a measurement.
Data Analysis
- The range measures the difference between the highest and lowest values in a dataset.
- Skew measures the asymmetry of a distribution, with a positive skew indicating that the distribution is asymmetrical to the right, and a negative skew indicating that the distribution is asymmetrical to the left.
Research Methods
- A low standard error of measurement (SEM) indicates that the measurement is precise and reliable.
- A strong positive correlation coefficient indicates that there is a strong relationship between two variables, with high values of one variable corresponding to high values of the other.
- Qualitative research aims to gain a deeper understanding of a phenomenon, often through non-numerical data collection and analysis.
Sampling
- Cluster sampling involves grouping the samples and then randomly selecting from each group.
Errors
- Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is rejected, but it is actually true, leading to a false conclusion that there is a difference between variables.
- Type II error occurs when the null hypothesis is accepted, but it is actually false, leading to a false conclusion that there is no difference between variables.
Statistical Analysis
- Factor analysis is a statistical method used to reduce a large number of variables to a smaller set of underlying factors.
Experimentation
- Independent variables are manipulated to create a desired outcome in an experiment.
Research Synthesis
- Meta-analysis is a method of blending similar study results to review the outcomes and draw more general conclusions.
Experimental Design
- The Hawthorne effect is a phenomenon where knowing you are in a study can skew the results, due to changes in behavior or attitude caused by being part of the study.
Hypothesis Testing
- Failing to reject the null hypothesis, or accepting the null hypothesis, means that there is no significant difference or relationship between variables, and the original hypothesis is supported.
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