Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a potential negative consequence of the commodification of ethnicity?
What is a potential negative consequence of the commodification of ethnicity?
How does nationalism relate to ethnicity?
How does nationalism relate to ethnicity?
What challenge does the CMIO framework present to mixed heritage individuals in Singapore?
What challenge does the CMIO framework present to mixed heritage individuals in Singapore?
What aspect of identity is emphasized by the Eurasian community to fit into the CMIO framework?
What aspect of identity is emphasized by the Eurasian community to fit into the CMIO framework?
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Which term describes the ongoing class and racial stratifications within the Eurasian community?
Which term describes the ongoing class and racial stratifications within the Eurasian community?
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What role does migration play in ethnic communities?
What role does migration play in ethnic communities?
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What is a key issue associated with ethnic theme parks and restaurants?
What is a key issue associated with ethnic theme parks and restaurants?
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Which of the following best illustrates extreme nationalism effects on minorities?
Which of the following best illustrates extreme nationalism effects on minorities?
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What does Choi argue is a consequence of ethnic tourism in rural Chinese villages?
What does Choi argue is a consequence of ethnic tourism in rural Chinese villages?
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How do ethnic villagers adapt their identity in response to tourism?
How do ethnic villagers adapt their identity in response to tourism?
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What is meant by 'internal orientalism' as described by Choi?
What is meant by 'internal orientalism' as described by Choi?
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What impact does government recognition have on Indigenous nations, according to the shared content?
What impact does government recognition have on Indigenous nations, according to the shared content?
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What role do 'minority models' play in the context of ethnic tourism?
What role do 'minority models' play in the context of ethnic tourism?
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What criticism does Choi express regarding the portrayal of ethnic minorities in visual tourism?
What criticism does Choi express regarding the portrayal of ethnic minorities in visual tourism?
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In what way does the Osage Nation's reform connect to broader themes of ethnic identity?
In what way does the Osage Nation's reform connect to broader themes of ethnic identity?
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How do visual displays in ethnic tourism contribute to national modernisation goals?
How do visual displays in ethnic tourism contribute to national modernisation goals?
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What is the main risk associated with the commodification of ethnic identity?
What is the main risk associated with the commodification of ethnic identity?
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How is ethnicity defined in contrast to race?
How is ethnicity defined in contrast to race?
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In social interactions, how might an individual's ethnic identity be negotiated?
In social interactions, how might an individual's ethnic identity be negotiated?
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What does the term 'relational nature of ethnicity' imply?
What does the term 'relational nature of ethnicity' imply?
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What aspect does 'situational negotiation of identity' highlight about ethnicity?
What aspect does 'situational negotiation of identity' highlight about ethnicity?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding ethnic tourism?
Which of the following statements is true regarding ethnic tourism?
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How does internal orientalism relate to ethnic identity?
How does internal orientalism relate to ethnic identity?
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What is a characteristic feature of ethnic identity as a cultural construct?
What is a characteristic feature of ethnic identity as a cultural construct?
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Study Notes
Week 7 - Class and Inequality
- Jack's study examines how class and cultural capital influence student engagement at an elite university.
- Interviews with 89 undergraduates revealed variations in how students from different class backgrounds interact with authority figures.
- Class differences weren't solely determined by family background.
- Three groups were analyzed: middle class, privileged poor, and doubly disadvantaged.
- Middle-class students are generally comfortable interacting with authority figures.
- Privileged poor students, despite economic disadvantage, often have pre-college exposure to elite norms, fostering similar confidence in their interactions with authority figures.
- Doubly disadvantaged students often lack confidence and experience resistance when interacting with authority figures due to unfamiliarity with elite educational norms.
- Economic capital affects access to quality pre-college education, impacting academic success at university.
- Cultural capital is present in privileged poor students from elite schools, while doubly disadvantaged students lack this.
- Established social networks (social capital) are more common in elite and higher-income students.
- Elite universities often prioritize independence and proactive engagement, potentially disadvantaging unfamiliar working-class students.
- The "hidden curriculum" creates a cultural mismatch for students unfamiliar with these practices.
- This alienation reinforces inequality by limiting access to resources and opportunities impacting academic experiences and long-term outcomes.
- Institutional expectations, such as mandatory office hours, may disproportionately affect students lacking familiarity with these norms.
Global and Local Inequality
- Global Disparities: Inequality between countries often stems from colonial legacies.
- Internal Disparities: Inequalities within individual countries, impacting access to resources, opportunities, and social mobility.
- Inequalities extend beyond income and wealth, incorporating education, healthcare, infrastructure, and social status.
- "Geographic imaginary": stereotypes and perceptions about regions or groups, influencing views about places and people.
- Systemic issues in capitalism and colonialism contribute to economic inequality.
- Capitalism drives inequality by accumulating wealth for those already having capital, often at the expense of workers.
- Colonial history creates global economic disparities favoring former colonizers.
Intersectionality
- Definition: A framework to analyze how social categories (e.g., race, class, gender) interact and shape individual experiences.
- Application: Understanding how multiple forms of oppression and privilege intertwine to impact individuals' lives.
Week 8 - Gender and Sexuality
- Martin's article critiques scientific descriptions of reproductive biology, highlighting how gender stereotypes shape the portrayal of biological processes.
- Scientific language often reflects societal gender stereotypes, portraying the egg as passive and the sperm as active.
- Martin suggests a shift towards more neutral language in scientific descriptions.
- Wekker examines cultural and social constructions of identity, sexuality, and gender in Suriname through the mati community.
- Western notions of fixed sexual identities are challenged, presenting alternative frameworks of sexuality as fluid and multiplicitous.
- Mati relationships often encompass same-sex and both-sex interactions, challenging Western models of fixed sexual identities.
Week 9 - Ethnicity and Race (Part 1)
- Dennison's study examines the Osage Nation's citizenship reform affecting their sovereignty in a settler-colonial context.
- U.S. policies historically used bodily identification (blood quantum) to control and limit Indigenous identity and territorial claims.
- U.S. recognition policies often impose identity markers as criteria for Indigenous citizenship.
- The Osage Nation's reform process illustrates conflicts between traditional cultural practices and modern political realities.
- Cultural practices, like language, ceremonies, and traditions, are integral to Indigenous identity and sovereignty.
- Tying sovereignty to fixed cultural markers may limit adaptation to societal changes.
Week 10 - Ethnicity and Race (Part 2)
- Rocha and Yeoh's study examines Eurasian identity in Singapore, analyzing how hierarchies of race, class, and phenotype shape belonging and identity.
- Singapore's CMIO framework (Chinese, Malay, Indian, Other) simplifies racial categorization, often marginalizing mixed-race communities.
- Eurasian experiences exhibit historical internal divisions and ongoing class and racial inequalities.
- Racialized hierarchies influence self-perception and recognition of mixed-race identities.
- Garth's study of Cuba examines persistent racial logics despite claims of a post-racial society.
- "Nivel de cultura" (level of culture) serves as a racialized class marker, associating lighter skin with higher social status.
- Despite claims of racial equality, anti-Blackness and biases persist.
Week 11 - Ethnicity and Race (Part 3)
- Racism impacts access to power, resources, and opportunities.
- Racism operates on interpersonal and structural levels.
- Colorblindness aims to resolve racism by ignoring racial distinctions.
- Structural Racism: Inequality embedded in institutions and norms.
Week 12 - Environment
- Chao's study examines oil palm plantations in West Papua, analyzing cultural and ecological consequences for the Marind people.
- Marind culture views the forest as a network of interconnected beings (multispecies cosmology).
- Oil palm, as a monoculture, disrupts traditional Marind relationships with the forest and its inhabitants.
- Capitalism's focus on resources and profit contrasts with the value of reciprocity in Marind culture.
- Mehta's study, examining crab collecting in the Sundarbans, reveals accusations of greed against collectors reflecting the broader political economy and environmental policies.
- Mehta's study highlights how environmental issues often reflect deeper economic and political hierarchies.
General
- Scapegoating environmental problems onto vulnerable communities.
- Environmental injustice impacting marginalized communities.
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Description
This quiz explores the impact of class and cultural capital on student engagement at elite universities. It highlights differences in authority interactions among middle-class, privileged poor, and doubly disadvantaged students, illustrating how these backgrounds shape their educational experiences. Dive into the findings from interviews with 89 undergraduates to understand the nuances of class influences in higher education.
