Week 6: Sports Media Introduction
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Questions and Answers

What is often a requirement for a truly meritocratic society?

  • Equal opportunity and equal condition (correct)
  • Recognition of talent and skill
  • High participation in all sports
  • Government funding for all athletes
  • Which factor limits social mobility in professional sports the most?

  • Injury rates and career longevity (correct)
  • Access to training facilities
  • Media representation of athletes
  • The number of available leagues
  • Which demographic is primarily affected by limited access to regular sports participation?

  • Higher income families
  • Those in poverty (correct)
  • Retired athletes
  • Children from middle-class backgrounds
  • Which statement about professional athletes is generally accurate?

    <p>They often have parents with professional careers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the misleading nature of the 'rags to riches' narrative in sports?

    <p>It overlooks the systemic disadvantages faced by many (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do sociologists believe about the causes of serious health problems?

    <p>They are influenced by structural conditions as well as individual factors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is categorized as an upstream factor related to health?

    <p>Access to education (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the societal ideology of healthism primarily characterized?

    <p>By emphasizing health from an individual perspective above other factors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'life chances' refer to?

    <p>The likelihood of achieving economic power and financial success. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the concept of meritocracy as applied to Canadian and American societies?

    <p>It contradicts the notion of equal opportunity for all. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT considered as a structural factor affecting health?

    <p>Genetic predisposition to disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common perception about individuals with larger body sizes?

    <p>They are often judged to have less self-control. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does social mobility differ from life chances?

    <p>Social mobility highlights shifts in wealth across generations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of genetic similarity do humans share according to the Human Genome Project?

    <p>99.9% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary basis for racial classifications?

    <p>Social constructs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The concept of the one-drop rule was primarily used to?

    <p>Ensure purity of the white race (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes scientific racism of the early 1900s?

    <p>It questioned the athletic success of black athletes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Black Girls Run' primarily focus on?

    <p>Encouraging community connections among black women. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Person-first language emphasizes which of the following?

    <p>The person first (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is identity-first language defined?

    <p>It addresses the disability before the individual. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for beliefs that label people as physically or intellectually disabled?

    <p>Ableism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one justification the Government of Canada provides for funding high-performance sports?

    <p>To inspire citizens to participate in sports. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about public subsidy and sports facilities is true?

    <p>Public money helps build facilities for international events that mainly benefit upper classes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do ticket costs for professional sports events affect public participation?

    <p>They have outpaced inflation, making it difficult for average citizens to attend games. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of ethnicity provided in the content?

    <p>A form of identification based on common history and cultural practices. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept is associated with the socially constructed classifications of people based on physical characteristics?

    <p>Race (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did scientific racism claim about Europeans?

    <p>They were superior intellectually, physically, and culturally. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did isolation affect genetic differences in species, including humans?

    <p>It resulted in variations, but not enough to classify distinct races. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influence did Europeans have on the development of racism?

    <p>They constructed beliefs of superiority during their expansion period. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary purposes of sports media narratives?

    <p>To exaggerate the spectacular aspects of sports (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do sports media portray women in sports according to the ideological themes?

    <p>They often undermine women's accomplishments and sexualize their image (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marked the privatization of sports media in Canada?

    <p>The launch of TSN in 1984 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did the CBC argue in their fight to maintain access to broadcast NHL games in the 1990s?

    <p>The NHL audience provided subsidization for other programming (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of how Rogers uses its ownership in the sports industry?

    <p>By promoting mobile devices through exclusive sports broadcast rights (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the relationship of the Sports Media Complex?

    <p>It is a partnership focused on economic benefits and ideology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant outcome of CBC and Radio-Canada televising hockey in 1952?

    <p>It reshaped Canadian identity in the context of sports (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common-sense approach is suggested for addressing poor health issues?

    <p>Physical activity as a solution for health problems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model of disability views the problem as lying within the individual rather than the environment?

    <p>Medical model of disability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one objective of the social model of disability?

    <p>To advocate for rights enshrined in the United Nations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle does universal design emphasize?

    <p>Creating environments that support all levels of ability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the original purpose of the Paralympics?

    <p>To rehabilitate injured veterans through sports (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which demographic was primarily represented in the early Paralympics?

    <p>White men with spinal cord injuries and amputations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant change occurred regarding inclusion in the modern Paralympics?

    <p>Movement to include athletes with cerebral palsy and intellectual disabilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does prioritizing spectator interest have on the Paralympics?

    <p>May reduce events for those with more intensive impairments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What societal aspect is depicted by the term 'Empire of the Normal'?

    <p>Fostering an environment that values normalcy above all (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Healthism

    A societal ideology focusing on individual health, neglecting broader structural conditions.

    Social Determinants of Health

    Factors beyond individual choices that influence health and disease, like access to resources and discrimination.

    Structural conditions (upstream)

    Social factors and environmental conditions affecting health.

    Individual level factors

    Personal characteristics and choices affecting health.

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    Social Class

    A group of people sharing the same economic position.

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    Life Chances

    The likelihood of an individual achieving economic success.

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    Social Mobility

    Changes in economic status across generations or within a lifetime.

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    Meritocracy

    A society where success is based on individual merit and effort.

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    Limited Social Mobility in Sports

    Reaching professional sports is challenging, with only a small percentage of high school athletes making it to professional leagues. Many factors hinder progress, including longevity concerns, injury risks, and opportunity costs related to pursuing sports.

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    Social Class & Sports Participation

    Social class greatly influences participation in organized sports. Access to equipment, coaching, and the time commitment needed for sports are largely affected by social class. Lower-income individuals and families often have limited access to or participation opportunities in sports.

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    Meritocracy Illusion in Sports

    While sports often are perceived to be meritocratic (rewarding ability), true meritocracy requires equal opportunity and conditions for all. In reality, disparities in equipment, coaching, and resources often prevent equal opportunity.

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    Social Class and Sports Type

    The type of sports people participate in, and their success in sports, are often connected to their social class. For example, some sports (e.g. golf) are more accessible to wealthier individuals and are often played by them.

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    Social Class and Professional Athletes

    Professional athletes often come from families with higher socio-economic backgrounds. This family background is a possible determinant of their sports participation.

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    Sports media portrayal

    Sports are presented to audiences selectively through images & narratives, often focusing on dramatic events, heroes, and villains.

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    Sports Media Complex

    A network of media outlets, sports organizations, and advertisers that operate interdependently for mutual profit.

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    Ideological themes in sports media

    Sports media often conveys societal biases related to gender, sexuality, race, and nationality through selective reporting and narratives.

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    Televised sport in Canada (early)

    Early televised sports (like hockey) in Canada promoted a sense of national identity and unity.

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    Privatization of sports media

    Rise of paid cable channels like TSN led to a shift in control over sports broadcasts from public organizations to private entities.

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    CBC's struggle for sports access

    CBC faced challenges in maintaining access to sports broadcasts (NHL, Olympics) as private channels grew.

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    Sports media and economics

    The sports media complex is built upon an economic foundation where media, sports leagues, and advertisers all benefit financially.

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    Physical activity and health

    Physical activity is commonly seen as a way to address poor health, as it has positive impacts on both physical and mental well-being.

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    Trickle-down effect in sports

    The idea that if wealthy or high-profile individuals or teams in sports do well, their success will "trickle down" and benefit everyone.

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    Public subsidy in sports

    Using public funds (taxes) to support sports facilities or events, often for professional teams.

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    Ethnicity

    A shared sense of identity based on common history, culture, and social norms.

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    Race

    A socially constructed classification of people based on perceived physical or genetic characteristics.

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    Racial ideology

    Ideas and beliefs used to explain or justify differences between perceived racial groups.

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    Racism

    The discriminatory belief that one race is superior to others.

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    Scientific racism

    A discredited idea that falsely uses scientific claims to support the belief that one race is superior.

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    Variation within species

    Different members of a species will naturally show a wide variety of characteristics and traits - true of humans and animals.

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    Human Genome Project Similarity

    Humans are 99.9% genetically identical.

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    Race as Social Construction

    Race is a concept created by society based on perceived physical traits, not biology.

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    One-Drop Rule

    A rule used to define racial purity, often in terms of white descent, to maintain social hierarchy.

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    Sports and Racial Ideology

    Sports are shaped by and reflect societal beliefs about race.

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    Person-First Language

    Describing a person with a disability first, e.g., 'person with autism'.

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    Identity-First Language

    Describing a person with a disability focusing on their identity first, e.g., 'autistic person'.

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    Ableism

    Using beliefs to categorize people as disabled, physically or intellectually.

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    Medical Model of Disability

    Views disability as an individual's problem needing to be fixed or cured. It focuses on the individual's perceived deficit rather than societal barriers.

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    Social Model of Disability

    Views disability as a social problem stemming from inaccessible environments and attitudes, rather than individual deficits.

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    Universal Design

    Creating products and environments that can be used by people of all abilities without need for specialized adaptations.

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    "Empire of the Normal"

    A societal tendency to prioritize and promote 'normal' standards of health, ability, and performance, often marginalizing those who are perceived as different.

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    Paralympics History

    Organized sporting events for athletes with disabilities, with roots in rehabilitation and wartime activities.

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    Modern Paralympics

    Focus on commercial aspects of the games including advertising, competition, sponsorship, and spectator interest. This has resulted in potentially excluding athletes with intensive impairments from participation and celebration.

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    Early Paralympic Inspirations

    Precursors to the modern Paralympics , including events for the deaf, blind, and injured war veterans across the globe.

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    Guttman's Role

    Used sports as a form of rehabilitation for injured war veterans, laying groundwork for the Paralympic movement.

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    Study Notes

    Week 6 Lecture 1: Sport Mediation

    • Sports are portrayed to the public using selected images
    • Storytelling in sports media uses melodramatic narratives, featuring heroes, villains, and women in supporting roles.
    • Sports media often exaggerates the spectacular and promotes rivalries.
    • Athletes are frequently presented as celebrity icons.

    Ideological Themes in Sports Mediation

    • Gender: Women's accomplishments are often undermined and sexualized in sports media. There is an underrepresentation of women in sports media.
    • Sexuality: Homosexuality is often erased or hidden in sports.
    • Racial Identity: Sports media may use racial stereotypes, with white people often portrayed in certain sports.
    • Nationality: Sports media often promotes national pride and nationalism.

    Week 6 Lecture 2: Sports Media Complex

    • Sports media is driven by economics and ideology.
    • Sports media organizations partner with pro sports leagues and advertisers to benefit mutually.
    • Partnerships generate billions of dollars in revenue via televised sports coverage.
    • Televised sport is a major industry in Canada.

    Week 7: Physical Activity and Poor Health

    • Physical activity has benefits for mental and physical health.
    • Sociologists and health professionals see physical activity as a simplistic approach.
    • Serious health problems are chronic and multifactorial (multiple sources contributing to the problem).
    • Example chronic health problems include heart disease, cancer, diabetes, asthma, and malnutrition.

    Week 8 Lecture 1: Social Mobility and Sport

    • Life chances are the odds of an individual reaching economic power and financial success.
    • Social mobility is how wealth changes within a generation.
    • Sport media portrays the narrative of rags to riches.
    • Sports media promotes the "rags-to-riches" narrative, which can be misleading and contradict the concept of meritocracy.

    Week 8 Lecture 2: Meritocracy and Social Mobility

    • Meritocracy is the belief that success is based on ability; however, Canada and the USA are seen as contradicting this.
    • Social mobility in professional sports is often limited for high school athletes reaching professional leagues.
    • Concerns about longevity, injuries, and opportunity costs (disadvantages players may face compared to those who do not play).
    • Athletes' social class backgrounds often correlate with the type of sport they play, with expensive sports like golf more accessible to those with wealth.

    Week 8, Lecture 3: Income, Poverty, and Sports Participation

    • Income affects health and development of children.
    • Women in poverty have less time for sports and leisure
    • People in poverty face barriers to participation in sports due to financial constraints.
    • The Canadian government's funding of high-performance sports is sometimes seen as a "trickle-down" effect encouraging participation in other sports.

    Week 9, Lecture 1: Race, Racial Ideology, and Sports

    • Ethnicity: A form of identification based on common history, social, and cultural norms.
    • Race: A socially constructed concept, based on physical/genetic traits, and not biologically valid.
    • Racial Ideology: Ideas and beliefs, like associating Black people with athleticism, assigning different abilities based on physical characteristics, etc.
    • Racism: Racism can be seen as a historical process with European roots.

    Week 9, Lecture 3: Sports and Radicalized Athletes

    • Sports are products and producers of racial ideology.
    • Racial minorities' experiences in sports are often structured and reflected in the socio-political hierarchy of the time.
    • Cultural factors play a role in how sports are portrayed.

    Week 10, Lecture 1: Person-First Language and Ableism

    • Person-First Language: A way of referencing people with disabilities, starting with the person before their disability (e.g., "person with a disability").
    • Ableism: Ideas and beliefs that treat people who are not able-bodied as inferior or undeserving with less societal value.
    • People are frequently categorized into able-bodied and differently-abled groups. This categorization affects their access to resources, cultural representation, and overall impact on society.

    Medical and Social Models of Disability

    • Medical Model: Disability is presented as an individual's problem which needs to be fixed.
    • Social Model: Disability is a social problem, caused by the inaccessible environment. It focuses on adapting the environment to meet the needs of people with disabilities.
    • Universal Design: Designing environments and products to be accessible and usable for everyone, regardless of their abilities.

    Week 10: Continued

    • "Empire of the Normal": A concept that describes the prioritization of competitive and high-performance sports that marginalize other types of sports.
    • Paralympic History: Discussion of the history of disability sports and movements, such as the work of Ludwig Guttman in the postwar era.
    • The Paralympics were initially created to assist injured military veterans.
    • Inspiration Porn: The idea that people with disabilities are glorified more often than not, resulting in a skewed and unrealistic portrayal of their struggles.

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    Description

    Explore the complex world of sports mediation and ideology in this engaging quiz. From storytelling techniques to the portrayal of gender, sexuality, and race in sports media, this assessment will challenge your understanding of how sports narratives are shaped. Delve into the powerful influence of economics and partnerships within the sports media landscape as well.

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