Unit 2 - Interventions and Communications

<p>A subtle change in the environment to influence decisions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To gauge specific constructs efficiently (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide a baseline for comparison with the treatment group. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Determining if the intervention was implemented as intended. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They provide a high level of evidence regarding causal relationships between an intervention and its effects. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To clarify the theoretical basis for the intervention and its expected outcomes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Outcome evaluations assess the intervention's impact on participants, while process evaluations assess how the intervention was implemented and experienced. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conducting field experiments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To determine whether the intervention was effectively implemented (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Outcomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obtaining informed consent from participants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CBPR ensures the relevance of research to the community and addresses ethical concerns. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It provides a more comprehensive understanding of the problem by combining both quantitative and qualitative data. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Employing qualitative research methods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Logic models help visualize the connections between inputs, activities, outcomes, and goals of an intervention. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide educational opportunities for boys from disadvantaged backgrounds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The program's activities were insignificant compared to the boys' daily environmental forces. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The subjective impressions showed the program was successful, while the objective evidence suggested it was a failure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The boys may have been labeled as troubled or delinquency prone, leading to a self-fulfilling prophecy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Randomized controlled trial (RCT) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The program was a failure in achieving its intended goals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The program's activities were relatively insignificant compared to the boys' daily environmental influences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because it raises concerns about the potential for interventions to inadvertently harm participants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Less well-off in multiple aspects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Resistance to social influence attempts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Participants are viewed as already receiving help (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>How to avoid trigger reactance among participants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A sense of choice or control (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The importance of understanding participant perceptions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased fear of social influence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It limited their perception of needing outside assistance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To assess if a program is reaching its target audience (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Developmental evaluation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>How well a program meets its defined objectives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It uses multiple trial interventions to find innovative solutions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Process evaluation focuses on implementation whereas outcome evaluation focuses on results. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce injuries related to alcohol consumption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Outcome evaluation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assessing the hypothesized improvements in functioning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It encourages individuals to behave in accordance with corrected perceptions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Campus newspaper (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Offering financial rewards for recall and sharing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pre-intervention data on drinking behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decrease the perceived rate of high-risk drinking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consuming more than five drinks when partying (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rate of academic performance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Comparison of drinking behaviors before and after intervention (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data collected on the target population prior to an intervention (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They reduce cognitive strain on respondents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Captures all relevant aspects of a construct accurately (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Construct validation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The alignment of an item with the construct's definition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They focus on capturing only the relevant characteristics of a construct (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate effective data collection with minimal respondent burden (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clear definitions and relevant examples in item design (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alignment of measure items with construct definition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They serve as unbiased representatives assessing item relevance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Items that accurately reflect the key aspects of a concept (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It establishes whether a measure assesses the theoretical concept accurately. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their validity is context-dependent and should be evaluated appropriately. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They accurately reflect the construct's definition without misleading content. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Independent evaluations without prior exposure to constructs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can compromise validity if evaluated without consideration of context. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The extent to which research findings generalize to real-world settings.

A method of collecting data using a single question or statement.

A field that combines psychology and economics to understand decision-making.

A cognitive bias where people prefer smaller immediate rewards to larger future ones.

Subtle cues or changes in the environment that influence behavior without restricting options.

Participants are randomly placed in treatment or control groups to ensure similarity.

The group that does not receive the intervention, serving as a baseline for comparison.

The group that receives the intervention being studied and is evaluated for effects.

Assess how an intervention was implemented and experienced by participants.

Evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention in achieving its goals post-implementation.

The ability to apply findings from controlled studies to real-world situations.

The extent to which study findings reflect behaviors in natural environments.

The multifaceted issues in real life that complicate research.

Combining quantitative and qualitative research for a fuller picture.

Diagrams that connect program inputs, activities, outcomes, and goals.

Research collaboration with community members to ensure relevance and ethics.

Explains how behavior is influenced by perceived social norms.

Individuals adapt their behaviors based on perceived norms.

When individuals conform to incorrect or exaggerated perceptions of behavior.

Changing incorrect beliefs about norms to alter behavior.

A public outreach strategy using media to inform and influence behavior.

Data collected before an intervention for comparison.

When individuals consume more than five drinks while partying.

Assessing the effectiveness of a program after implementation.

Unintended harmful effects that a program may have on participants.

Resistance to influence when individuals feel their freedom to choose is threatened.

The impact of social forces that may compel individuals to change behavior.

Recognition of how program goals are perceived by participants.

Local entities like clergy or agencies that provide assistance to individuals.

Factors program designers must account for to ensure effectiveness and acceptance.

The level of success individuals reach in their careers over time.

A measure of legal troubles that reflect someone's choices or circumstances.

Data collected after an intervention to assess its impact.

The degree to which a measure accurately represents its intended concept.

The process of testing whether a measure accurately represents a theoretical concept.

How well a measure aligns with the definition of a concept.

The effort required from participants to complete a survey.

Irrelevant characteristics that can skew the results of a measure.

Tests new approaches and multiple trials to develop innovative solutions for complex problems.

A prediction about the effects of a program on its target audience.

To reduce high-risk drinking and related injuries among students at NIU.

A framework illustrating the connection between inputs, activities, outcomes, and goals of a program.

Indicates that items accurately reflect the intended construct without misleading content.

The theoretical concept that a measure is intended to assess.

Individuals who evaluate content validity without prior knowledge of the constructs.

The degree to which a tool measures what it claims to measure appropriately.

Recommendations for additional studies and exploration in the field.

An intervention aimed at preventing juvenile delinquency in boys from lower-class backgrounds.

Participants were randomly designated to intervention or control groups for unbiased evaluation.

Assessing program effects over an extended period, in this case, 40 years.

Personal opinions from caseworkers and participants about program benefits.

Objective numerical data used to evaluate the program's success.

Negative labeling that may have harmed program participants' self-image.

Expectation that causes behavior to make the prediction come true.

External challenges that participants faced, overshadowing the program's impact.