Week 13: Information Society and Technology
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the benefits of genetic engineering in food production?

  • Lower food variety
  • Increased pest and disease resistance (correct)
  • Decreased nutritional value
  • Higher pesticide usage

What distinguishes climate from weather?

  • Weather changes slowly, while climate can change rapidly.
  • Climate refers to average conditions over a long period, while weather refers to short term conditions. (correct)
  • Weather is a large geographic concept, while climate is localized.
  • Climate is temporary, while weather is long-term.

Which statement accurately describes climate change?

  • It is a temporary change in atmospheric conditions.
  • It solely results from human activities.
  • It only affects small geographic areas.
  • It includes long-term changes in average temperature and precipitation. (correct)

What is global warming primarily attributed to?

<p>A buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does current scientific consensus say about genetically engineered (GE) crops?

<p>There is no evidence of harm compared to traditionally bred crops. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the greenhouse effect primarily responsible for?

<p>Trapping heat close to Earth's surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following gases is NOT considered a greenhouse gas?

<p>Oxygen (O2) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which climate adaptation strategy can help mitigate the impact of rising sea levels?

<p>Installing seawalls (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'net zero' by 2050 imply?

<p>Balancing carbon emissions by removing CO2 from the atmosphere (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some consequences of climate change as indicated in the content?

<p>Loss of coastal land due to flooding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason individuals use the Internet in a social virtual community?

<p>Socialization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which taxonomic category is the broadest and most inclusive?

<p>Domain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are genes primarily responsible for?

<p>Making proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between biotechnology and genetic engineering?

<p>Genetic engineering is a subset of biotechnology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the three Domains of life?

<p>Protista (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who co-discovered the theory of evolution through natural selection?

<p>Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes organisms that have been genetically altered in a way that does not occur naturally?

<p>GMO (genetically modified organisms) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the modification of traits through selective breeding?

<p>Artificial selection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of language?

<p>To convey information/message (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Industrial Revolution phase is characterized by the transition from hand production methods to machines?

<p>Industrial Revolution 1.0 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant impact did the Industrial Revolution have on factory workers?

<p>Surge in unemployment due to machine replacements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the World Wide Web (WWW) play in the Information Society?

<p>It connects all resources and users utilizing HTTP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Information Age emphasize about knowledge access?

<p>Access to information and knowledge is easier (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the printing press in the 15th century impact communication?

<p>It significantly contributed to the preservation of words (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary shift in production during the Information Society?

<p>From material goods to knowledge and information (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does cuneiform represent in the context of language history?

<p>The first known form of written language (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Information Age

An era where information and knowledge are easily accessible due to advancements in technology.

World Wide Web (WWW)

This refers to the combination of all resources and users on the internet using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol.

Industrialization

The process of creating goods on a larger scale using advanced technology and manufacturing processes.

Industrial Revolution 1.0

A period marked by the transition from hand-made goods to machine production using steam and water power.

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Industrial Revolution 2.0

This period saw a significant increase in production, economic growth, and unfortunately, unemployment due to machines replacing workers in factories.

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Industrial Revolution 3.0

Marked by the widespread use of computers and communication technologies in manufacturing processes, resulting in a slowdown of industrialization and technological advancement.

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Industrial Revolution 4.0

This revolution is characterized by the automation of manufacturing processes, driven by a focus on data exchange and the use of advanced technologies.

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Information Society

A society that is heavily reliant on technology and information, shaping every aspect of daily life.

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Climate Change

Changes in weather patterns that persist for a long period of time, typically 30 years or more. These changes are observed across a large area and include shifts in average temperature, rainfall, and other climate variables.

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Global Warming

The increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to the buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

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Weather

The short-term atmospheric conditions at a specific time and location, including temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind, and cloud cover.

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Genetic Engineering

The process of altering the genetic makeup of an organism, often to enhance its characteristics. This can involve adding, deleting, or modifying genes to improve traits such as nutritional value, disease resistance, or pest tolerance.

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Genetic Modification

A type of genetic engineering that involves introducing foreign genes into the genome of an organism, often to enhance its characteristics. It can improve factors like nutritional value, pest resistance, or tolerance to harsh environments.

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Genes

Segments of DNA that carry instructions for making proteins, influencing traits.

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Biodiversity

The total variety of life on Earth, encompassing all living organisms and their ecosystems.

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Carolus Linnaeus

A Swedish botanist who developed a classification scheme based on morphology, known as Systema Naturae.

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Domain

The broadest taxonomic category, encompassing all living organisms and divided into three domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.

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Evolution

The process of populations changing over time due to variations in traits and environmental pressures.

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Darwin and Wallace

Co-discoverers of the theory of evolution through natural selection, emphasizing the importance of variation and adaptation.

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Biotechnology

A broad field of biology focused on using living organisms to develop products. It involves manipulating DNA in plants and animals.

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Greenhouse effect

The process by which certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere trap heat, causing the planet to warm. These gases act like a blanket, preventing heat from escaping into space.

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Net zero emissions

A strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to zero by balancing the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere with the amount removed.

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Sea level rise

The potential rise in sea level due to climate change, primarily caused by the melting of glaciers and ice sheets, and the expansion of ocean water as it warms.

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Climate adaptation

Actions taken to prepare for and adapt to the impacts of climate change, reducing its negative consequences and increasing resilience.

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Study Notes

Week 13: Information Society and Technology

  • Information Society: Relies on technology for daily life activities, including social media.
  • Social media risks: Dissemination of false information.
  • Information Age: Era of easy access to information and knowledge.
  • World Wide Web (WWW): Combination of all internet resources and users using HTTP.
  • Industrial Revolution:
    • 1.0: Transition from hand production to machines using steam and water power.
    • 2.0: Economic expansion, increased productivity, and machine replacement of workers.
    • 3.0: Slowdown of industrialization, use of computers and communication tech.
    • 4.0: Automation and data exchange in manufacturing.
  • Cuneiform: First known form of written language.
  • Words and meaning: Meaning is given by the speaker and intended for the listener.
  • Information: Facts about a situation, person, or event.
  • Language function: Convey information.
  • Information society and commodity production: Shift from physical goods to knowledge/information.
  • Internet use in social communities: Socialization.
  • Importance of Mathematics: Fundamental to various sciences and technologies, helping understand natural laws and patterns.

Week 14: Gene Theory, Biodiversity, and Evolution

  • Gene theory: Fundamental biological concept explaining trait inheritance.
  • Genes: Segments of DNA containing protein-making instructions.
  • RNA: Single-stranded molecule carrying genetic info from DNA to proteins.
  • Biodiversity: Total variety of life on Earth.
  • Carolus Linnaeus: Swedish botanist, creator of Systema Naturae.
  • Taxonomy: Broadest to narrow categories including Domains
  • Domains: Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya.
  • Evolution: Natural selection explaining gradual changes in populations based on variations and environmental pressures.
  • Co-discoverers of evolutionary theory: Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace.
  • Biotechnology: Use of living systems to create products.

Week 16 & 17: Climate Change

  • Weather: Short-term atmospheric conditions (temperature, precipitation).
  • Climate: Long-term weather pattern (typically 30+ years).
  • Global warming: Increase in Earth's average surface temp. due to greenhouse gases.
  • Climate Change: Long-term changes in climate, including averages.
  • Causes of past climate change:
    • Orbital causes
    • Atmospheric causes (volcanic activity & asteroids)
    • Continents and oceans rearranging
    • Greenhouse gas levels changing
  • Greenhouse effect: Heat trapped close to the Earth's surface by greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O, CH4, etc.).

(Additional info from page 3)

  • Genetic engineering (GMOs): Direct manipulation of an organism's genome.
  • Traditional Breeding: Selective breeding or artificial selection modifying crops and animals.
  • Scientific consensus on genetically modified crops: No evidence of harm to humans or the ecosystem compared to traditional breeds.
  • Climate projections: Models predicting future climate conditions based on emission scenarios.
  • Rising sea levels consequences: Loss of coastal land due to flooding.
  • Net-zero emission goal: Balancing carbon emissions by removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
  • Climate adaptation strategies: Methods to mitigate the effects of climate change, like installing seawalls.
  • Climate emergency: Urgent need for action on severe climate impact.
  • Greenhouse gases: CO2, N2O, CH4, fluorinated gasses, ozone (O3) and water vapor (H2O).
  • Evidence of climate change: Melting glaciers.

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Description

Explore the key concepts of the Information Society and the impact of technology on daily life. This quiz covers social media risks, the Information Age, and the historical context of the Industrial Revolution. Understand the evolution of communication from cuneiform to modern information dissemination.

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