Web Security Threats and Solutions Quiz 5 new
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Questions and Answers

Which element in HTML5 is used as a grouping of content, e.g. chapters or tabbed pages?

  • (correct)

    • What attribute is used to tell the browser to start downloading and playing a video automatically as soon as possible?

  • loop
  • controls
  • autoplay (correct)
  • preload

    • Which HTML5 element is used for multimedia content and supports audio and video natively?

  • / (correct)

    • What is the purpose of the element in HTML5?

    <p>To define navigation links</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which attribute is used to specify that a video should start downloading as soon as the page loads, but not playing automatically?

    <p>preload='auto'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the element in HTML5?

    <p>To contain introductory content or navigational links</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the canvas element in HTML5?

    <p>To draw graphics with JavaScript</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature of HTML5 allows users to share their physical location with web applications?

    <p>Geolocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is HTML5 popular for game development?

    <p>It supports scalable vector graphics (SVG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does HTML5 provide for consistent user experience across browsers and devices?

    <p>Cross-platform compatibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of web security does HTML5 emphasize improvements on?

    <p>Semantic elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of HTML5 that enables more efficient, faster-loading web pages?

    <p>Improved parsing rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is TOR and what does it provide?

    <p>A protective layer that provides an anonymous path between the user and the Internet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of the Invisible Web?

    <p>NASA's internal database</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the first discovered malware that spies and subverts industrial systems?

    <p>Worms Stuxnet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of the Dark Web?

    <p>It is accessible only through software called TOR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Intranet' refer to?

    <p>Web content that can only be accessed by individuals with logins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Onion routing implemented by TOR?

    <p>To conceal a user's location and usage from network surveillance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of phishing?

    <p>To gain unauthorized access to accounts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common vulnerability in web security?

    <p>Insufficient authentication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of passphrases in comparison to passwords?

    <p>Longer and more secure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method do brute force attacks use to guess user credentials?

    <p>Automated trial and error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of attacks did Wannacry specifically target?

    <p>Hospitals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What experienced a 600% increase in cyber attacks?

    <p>IoT devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Diceware used for?

    <p>Creating secure passphrases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Bill Burr, the original author of NIST 2003 password guidelines, regret recommending?

    <p>Passwords with uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, special characters, and a minimum of 8 characters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary defense mechanism to stop Cross-site scripting (XSS)?

    <p>Contextual output encoding/escaping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a mitigation for XSS?

    <p>Tying session cookies to the user's IP address and using the HttpOnly flag</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Clickjacking?

    <p>A method used by malicious individuals to trick users into clicking on invisible iframes positioned above clickable buttons on a website</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does JSONP (JSON with Padding) allow?

    <p>Bypassing the same-origin policy by using JSON in combination with the script tag</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Web Security Threats and Solutions

    • Diceware is a method for creating secure passphrases by rolling a dice to select words from a list of 7,776 English words.
    • Bill Burr, the original author of NIST 2003 password guidelines, regrets recommending passwords with uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, special characters, and a minimum of 8 characters.
    • Session prediction/hijacking involves impersonating a website user by compromising their session ID or cookies.
    • Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a vulnerability in web applications that allows attackers to inject client-side scripts and bypass access controls.
    • Contextual output encoding/escaping is the primary defense mechanism to stop XSS, but many web applications still rely on session cookies for authentication.
    • Mitigations for XSS include tying session cookies to the user's IP address and using the HttpOnly flag to prevent client-side scripts from accessing cookies.
    • Browser and plugin vulnerabilities, such as Java/ActiveX/Flash/Acrobat, can enable various attacks and need to be patched by vendors.
    • Clickjacking is a method used by malicious individuals to trick users into clicking on invisible iframes positioned above clickable buttons on a website.
    • Injection attacks, including SQL/LDAP/XPATH/SOAP/JSON Injection, occur when an application does not properly validate user input.
    • JavaScript Hijacking allows unauthorized attackers to read confidential data from a vulnerable application by bypassing the Same Origin Policy using a dynamic script tag.
    • Search worms automate finding vulnerable web servers by sending carefully crafted queries to search engines, evading common detection methods.
    • JSON with Padding (JSONP) is a way to bypass the same-origin policy by using JSON in combination with the script tag, allowing the execution of information from the server.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of web security threats and solutions with this quiz. Explore concepts such as Diceware passphrases, session prediction/hijacking, cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities, clickjacking, injection attacks, and more. Learn about defense mechanisms and mitigations to safeguard against these threats.

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