Web Security Threats and Solutions Quiz 5
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Questions and Answers

Which element in HTML5 is used as a grouping of content, e.g. chapters or tabbed pages?

  • (correct)

    • What does the 'autoplay' attribute in HTML5 video element indicate to the browser?

  • Start downloading the video file as soon as the page loads and play it automatically as soon as possible (correct)
  • Download the video file only when the user clicks play
  • Download the video file but wait for user interaction to start playing
  • Prompt the user to allow video autoplay

    • Which HTML5 element is used for multimedia content and supports audio and video natively?

  • (correct)

    • What is the purpose of the element in HTML5?

    <p>To define navigation links</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which HTML5 element is used to define self-contained content, such as a blog post or a newspaper article?

    Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the element in HTML5?

    <p>To define the header of a document or a section</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the TOR network?

    <p>To provide an anonymous path between users and the sites they visit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of web is accessible only to those who use TOR software?

    <p>Dark Web</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significant feature of the Stuxnet worm?

    <p>It was the first to include Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) rootkit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which company experienced a significant breach involving credit card users' data?

    <p>Equifax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of the Invisible Web?

    <p>Can only be accessed by individuals with logins for the websites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Onion routing in the TOR network?

    <p>To conceal a user's location and usage from network surveillance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cyber attack involves using altered versions of viruses?

    <p>Malware</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of attack involves denying access to files and demanding ransom payments?

    <p>Ransomware</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common vulnerability in web security related to user credentials?

    <p>Weak passwords</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which notorious international group is responsible for major cyber attacks?

    <p>Anonymous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method involves using spam emails to gain control of accounts?

    <p>Phishing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of attack involves automated trial and error to guess user credentials?

    <p>Brute force attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature of HTML5 supports complex graphical operations and animations within the browser?

    <p>Canvas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which HTML5 feature allows users to share their physical location with web applications?

    <p>Geolocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of HTML5 is crucial due to the high prevalence of vulnerabilities in websites?

    <p>Web security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which HTML5 feature is particularly popular for game development?

    <p>Canvas and WebGL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does HTML5 provide for consistent user experience across browsers and devices, including mobile?

    <p>Cross-platform compatibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which HTML5 capability enables more efficient, faster-loading web pages and mobile optimization features like touch events?

    <p>Improved parsing rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Diceware used for?

    <p>Creating secure passphrases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Bill Burr regret recommending in the NIST 2003 password guidelines?

    <p>Passwords with uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, special characters, and a minimum of 8 characters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary defense mechanism to stop Cross-site scripting (XSS)?

    <p>Contextual output encoding/escaping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can mitigations for XSS be achieved?

    <p>Tying session cookies to the user's IP address and using the HttpOnly flag</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of JSON with Padding (JSONP)?

    <p>Bypassing the same-origin policy by using JSON in combination with the script tag</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Injection attacks, including SQL/LDAP/XPATH/SOAP/JSON Injection, occur due to?

    <p>Improper validation of user input</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Web Security Threats and Solutions

    • Diceware is a method for creating secure passphrases by rolling a dice to select words from a list of 7,776 English words.
    • Bill Burr, the original author of NIST 2003 password guidelines, regrets recommending passwords with uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, special characters, and a minimum of 8 characters.
    • Session prediction/hijacking involves impersonating a website user by compromising their session ID or cookies.
    • Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a vulnerability in web applications that allows attackers to inject client-side scripts and bypass access controls.
    • Contextual output encoding/escaping is the primary defense mechanism to stop XSS, but many web applications still rely on session cookies for authentication.
    • Mitigations for XSS include tying session cookies to the user's IP address and using the HttpOnly flag to prevent client-side scripts from accessing cookies.
    • Browser and plugin vulnerabilities, such as Java/ActiveX/Flash/Acrobat, can enable various attacks and need to be patched by vendors.
    • Clickjacking is a method used by malicious individuals to trick users into clicking on invisible iframes positioned above clickable buttons on a website.
    • Injection attacks, including SQL/LDAP/XPATH/SOAP/JSON Injection, occur when an application does not properly validate user input.
    • JavaScript Hijacking allows unauthorized attackers to read confidential data from a vulnerable application by bypassing the Same Origin Policy using a dynamic script tag.
    • Search worms automate finding vulnerable web servers by sending carefully crafted queries to search engines, evading common detection methods.
    • JSON with Padding (JSONP) is a way to bypass the same-origin policy by using JSON in combination with the script tag, allowing the execution of information from the server.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of web security threats and solutions with this quiz. Explore concepts such as Diceware passphrases, session prediction/hijacking, cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities, clickjacking, injection attacks, and more. Learn about defense mechanisms and mitigations to safeguard against these threats.

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