Web of Things vs Internet of Things

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Questions and Answers

What is a primary feature of a Smart Home Automation System using Raspberry Pi?

  • Limited remote access
  • Use of outdated software for control
  • Central hub connected to Wi-Fi (correct)
  • Dependency on wired connections

Which component is NOT essential for Raspberry Pi operation in IoT projects?

  • 5V power supply
  • High-end graphics card (correct)
  • MicroSD card
  • HDMI connection

What does the use of GPIO pins on a Raspberry Pi enable?

  • Streaming video content
  • Connection to high-speed internet
  • Control of connected external devices (correct)
  • Running complex gaming applications

Which application area is NOT associated with smart homes as mentioned in the content?

<p>IoT in Construction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which application enables patients to get reminders for medication adherence?

<p>Smart Pill Bottles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a Smart Home Automation System, which tool is commonly used for communication?

<p>MQTT (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary benefits of using connected inhalers for asthma patients?

<p>They track usage and medication adherence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technology allows farmers to optimize crop inputs through soil moisture and nutrient content measurement?

<p>Soil Monitoring Sensors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of sensors in the Smart Home Automation System using Raspberry Pi?

<p>To provide data for monitoring and control (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a critical benefit of using Raspberry Pi in smart homes?

<p>Cost-effective solutions for automation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does predictive analytics assist farmers in their decision-making?

<p>By utilizing historical data and weather forecasts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function do IoT agricultural drones serve in crop monitoring?

<p>They provide aerial imaging for crop health assessment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do smart thermostats optimize climate control in a smart home?

<p>By learning user preferences and adapting schedules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature of IoT Smart Greenhouses allows for real-time adjustments based on environmental conditions?

<p>Climate Control (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using wearable sensors for livestock monitoring?

<p>They track health, location, and behavior of livestock. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the function of microclimate sensors in farming?

<p>They collect local weather data to assist in decision-making. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary benefit of wearable devices in home health monitoring?

<p>They provide real-time tracking of vital signs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do telehealth solutions enhance patient care?

<p>They allow remote monitoring, decreasing hospital visits. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following smart home technologies is designed to monitor environmental conditions?

<p>Environmental sensors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of IoT significantly impacts healthcare operational efficiency?

<p>Remote patient monitoring technologies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature is characteristic of smart military applications related to IoT?

<p>Live surveillance and reconnaissance tools. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In precision agriculture, which IoT application is primarily used to improve crop health?

<p>Automated irrigation systems. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of adopting smart energy monitors in a home?

<p>They provide tracking of overall energy consumption for efficiency. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of smart home technology mainly focuses on enhancing security?

<p>Motion sensor integration for lighting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cross-Platform Python

Python code can run on different operating systems (Windows, macOS, Linux) without needing changes.

Raspberry Pi

A small, low-cost computer board useful for DIY projects, programming, and the Internet of Things (IoT).

GPIO Pins

General Purpose Input/Output pins on a Raspberry Pi that connect to external devices like sensors or actuators.

IoT

Internet of Things: Connecting everyday objects to the internet to create smart systems.

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Smart Home Automation

Controlling home devices (lights, fans) remotely and automatically through the internet.

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Smart Lighting

Automated lighting systems that can adjust brightness, schedules, and be controlled remotely.

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Smart Thermostat

A device that learns your preferences to optimize heating and cooling temperature schedules.

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Home Security Systems (IoT)

Home security systems connected to the internet for remote monitoring and control like cameras and locks.

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Connected Inhalers

Devices that track asthma/COPD patient inhaler usage for improved medication adherence.

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Smart Pill Bottles

Medication containers that remind patients to take their meds and track adherence.

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Precision Farming

Using sensor data to optimize crop inputs (fertilizers, water).

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IoT Agricultural Drones

Drones with sensors used for aerial imaging, spraying, and field mapping in agriculture.

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IoT Smart Greenhouses

Automated greenhouses that control climate, soil, and water for optimal plant growth.

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Telemedicine Virtual Consultations

Healthcare consultations via video calls, improving access to care.

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Soil Monitoring (Agriculture)

Using sensors to measure soil moisture, pH, and nutrients for optimal crop growth.

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Wearable Livestock Sensors

Sensors tracking livestock health, location, and behavior to detect problems early.

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Smart Appliances

Connected kitchen appliances that track food, monitor washer/dryer cycles, and manage energy efficiently

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Energy Management

Controlling and monitoring appliances and home energy usage

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Voice Assistants

Managing home devices via voice commands like Amazon Alexa or Google Assistant

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Smart Sensors

Monitoring environmental conditions and triggering actions based on them

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Home Health Monitoring

Using devices to track health, and alert caregivers for emergencies.

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Smart Entertainment

Controlling TVs, speakers, and streaming services from one interface, to create a multi-room audio experience

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Smart Gardening

Automated irrigation and plant health monitoring.

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Remote Patient Monitoring

Monitoring patient health conditions remotely using wearable devices and telehealth solutions.

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Study Notes

Web of Things (WoT) vs Internet of Things (IoT)

  • WoT is a subset of IoT and uses REST, HTTP, and URIs for device interaction
  • IoT is a network of physical devices embedded with sensors, software and other technologies to connect and exchange data over the internet
  • IoT focuses on connectivity and data exchange between devices, emphasizing communication between devices
  • WoT emphasizes interoperability, usability, and integration of devices with the web
  • WoT uses web technologies like HTTP, REST, and JSON to allow for easier integration with existing web applications
  • WoT defines a "Thing Description" (TD) to describe the capabilities and interactions of devices

Two Pillars of the Web

  • Architecture Standardization for WoT - Platform Middleware for WoT - Unified Multitier WoT architecture
  • Standardized ways for IoT devices to communicate effectively and understand each other's data formats and protocols
  • Thing Description (TD) describes a device's capabilities, properties, actions, and events
  • Utilizes JSON-LD (Linked Data) for semantic understanding
  • Employing common web protocols (HTTP, WebSocket, MQTT) for easy access and control from standard web interfaces
  • RESTful APIs for straightforward interactions with devices

Programming Paradigms

  • Imperative Programming: State change via a sequence of instructions using variables, loops, conditionals, and function calls. (e.g., C, Java, Python)
  • Declarative Programming: Focuses on what to achieve, not how, using expressions and declarations, rather than control flow. (e.g., SQL, HTML)
  • Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): Organizes code around objects that encapsulate data and behavior. (e.g., Java, C++, Python)
  • Functional Programming: Treats computation as function evaluations, avoids mutable data, and emphasizes immutability, first-class functions, and higher-order functions. (e.g., Haskell, Lisp, Scala)
  • Logic Programming: Uses facts and rules to derive conclusions in formal logic. (e.g., Prolog)

IoT Applications in Smart Homes

  • Smart Lighting: Automated control, energy efficiency
  • Smart Thermostats: Climate control, remote monitoring
  • Home Security Systems: Surveillance cameras, smart locks
  • Smart Appliances: Connected kitchen appliances, washer/dryer monitoring
  • Energy Management: Smart plugs, outlets, home energy monitors

IoT in Healthcare

  • Remote Patient Monitoring: Wearable devices for vital sign tracking
  • Telehealth Solutions: Remote patient monitoring, reducing hospital visits
  • Smart Medical Devices: Connected inhalers, smart pill bottles
  • Telemedicine: Video consultations, improving access to care.

IoT in Agriculture

  • Precision Farming: Soil monitoring, variable rate technology
  • Crop Monitoring: Remote sensing, satellite imaging
  • Livestock Monitoring: Wearable sensors, automated feeding systems

IoT in Military Applications

  • Surveillance and Reconnaissance: Drones, sensors for real-time intelligence
  • Asset Tracking: IoT devices for tracking equipment
  • Smart Wearables: Enhanced situational awareness for personnel
  • Automated Logistics: Streamlines supply chain operations

IoT in Politics

  • Smart Cities: Monitoring urban infrastructure, enhancing public services
  • Citizen Engagement: Platforms for better communication between governments and citizens

IoT in Construction

  • Smart Equipment: Monitoring machinery performance
  • Site Monitoring: Sensors for worker safety and equipment status
  • Project Management: Real-time data for scheduling and resource allocation

IoT in Self-Driving Cars, Fitness Trackers, Factories, and Hospitality

  • IoT Smart Self-Driving Cars: Sensors, cameras, vehicle-to-everything communication, real-time data processing, for enhanced safety and efficiency
  • IoT Fitness Trackers: Monitor activity, track metrics, personalized plans for health awareness and goal tracking
  • IoT in Connected Factories: Smart sensors, predictive maintenance, automation, enhances productivity, efficiency, quality control
  • IoT in Hospitality: Smart room technology, personalized experiences, data collection for service improvement

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