Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between the Internet and the World Wide Web (WWW)?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between the Internet and the World Wide Web (WWW)?
- The Internet and the WWW are the same thing and the terms can be used interchangeably in all contexts.
- The World Wide Web is a collection of software that spans the Internet and enables the interlinking of documents and resources. (correct)
- The Internet provides a way of accessing information on the WWW.
- The Internet is a collection of software that enables the interlinking of documents and resources, while the WWW is a vast network of computers and physical connections.
In the context of web development, what is the primary role of a web server?
In the context of web development, what is the primary role of a web server?
- To manage the client-side interactions of a website.
- To display webpages to users.
- To send files to browsers on computers connected to the Internet. (correct)
- To send requests for web pages.
What is the main function of HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) in web communication?
What is the main function of HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) in web communication?
- To define the visual layout of a webpage.
- To handle the request sent to the Web server and the response received from the Web server. (correct)
- To establish a secure connection between a client and a server.
- To manage the database interactions on a server.
Which of the following best describes a URL (Uniform Resource Locator)?
Which of the following best describes a URL (Uniform Resource Locator)?
How does a domain name relate to an IP address?
How does a domain name relate to an IP address?
In the context of a URL like https://cloudflare.com/learning/, which part represents the domain name?
In the context of a URL like https://cloudflare.com/learning/, which part represents the domain name?
What does the term 'network topology' refer to?
What does the term 'network topology' refer to?
Which of the following is the correct full name for HTML?
Which of the following is the correct full name for HTML?
What is the primary function of HTML tags?
What is the primary function of HTML tags?
Which of the following is an example of a correctly formatted closing tag in HTML?
Which of the following is an example of a correctly formatted closing tag in HTML?
What is the purpose of a self-closing tag in HTML?
What is the purpose of a self-closing tag in HTML?
Which three HTML tags are considered essential and should be present in every HTML document?
Which three HTML tags are considered essential and should be present in every HTML document?
Which HTML tag is used to display a name for the webpage that appears in the top of the browser window?
Which HTML tag is used to display a name for the webpage that appears in the top of the browser window?
In a basic HTML template, which tag typically contains content that is visible to the user in the browser?
In a basic HTML template, which tag typically contains content that is visible to the user in the browser?
What is the purpose of the <p> tag in HTML?
What is the purpose of the <p> tag in HTML?
Which HTML tag is used to insert a line break within a text?
Which HTML tag is used to insert a line break within a text?
What is the function of the <hr /> tag in HTML?
What is the function of the <hr /> tag in HTML?
Which HTML tags are used to define headings of different sizes?
Which HTML tags are used to define headings of different sizes?
How do you insert a comment in HTML code?
How do you insert a comment in HTML code?
What is the primary difference between an ordered list (<ol>) and an unordered list (<ul>) in HTML?
What is the primary difference between an ordered list (<ol>) and an unordered list (<ul>) in HTML?
Which HTML tag is used to insert an image into a webpage?
Which HTML tag is used to insert an image into a webpage?
Which tag is used to create a hyperlink in HTML?
Which tag is used to create a hyperlink in HTML?
Given the URL https://www.example.com/path/page.html, identify the protocol.
Given the URL https://www.example.com/path/page.html, identify the protocol.
Which of the following is true about HTML tags?
Which of the following is true about HTML tags?
A client requests a webpage from a web server. What is the correct sequence of actions?
A client requests a webpage from a web server. What is the correct sequence of actions?
Which of the following tags is used to define metadata about an HTML document?
Which of the following tags is used to define metadata about an HTML document?
When should you use an unordered list (<ul>) instead of an ordered list (<ol>)?
When should you use an unordered list (<ul>) instead of an ordered list (<ol>)?
Which code snippet correctly inserts a comment in HTML?
Which code snippet correctly inserts a comment in HTML?
Which of the following is a valid use of the <br /> tag?
Which of the following is a valid use of the <br /> tag?
How does the <h1> tag differ from the <h6> tag in HTML?
How does the <h1> tag differ from the <h6> tag in HTML?
In HTML, what is the correct way to define a hyperlink to https://www.example.com with the text 'Visit Example'?
In HTML, what is the correct way to define a hyperlink to https://www.example.com with the text 'Visit Example'?
What is the role of the <!DOCTYPE html> declaration in an HTML document?
What is the role of the <!DOCTYPE html> declaration in an HTML document?
What is meant by Web Terminology?
What is meant by Web Terminology?
What is the web browser described as?
What is the web browser described as?
Which of these is most accurate regarding the Web?
Which of these is most accurate regarding the Web?
Which of these are included as part of 'Web Terminology'?
Which of these are included as part of 'Web Terminology'?
If the domain name for Google is google.com, what is the full URL for google?
If the domain name for Google is google.com, what is the full URL for google?
Which tag is used for comments in HTML?
Which tag is used for comments in HTML?
Which of these is an HTML tag?
Which of these is an HTML tag?
Which tag is used to add a horizontal line?
Which tag is used to add a horizontal line?
Flashcards
The Internet
The Internet
A vast, international network of computers and physical connections allowing communication.
World Wide Web (WWW)
World Wide Web (WWW)
A collection of software that spans the Internet, enabling document and resource interlinking.
Web server
Web server
A computer programmed to send files to browsers over the Internet.
Web browser
Web browser
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HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)
HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)
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URL
URL
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Domain name
Domain name
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Network topology
Network topology
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HTML
HTML
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HTML tags
HTML tags
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tag
tag
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tag
tag
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Required HTML tags
Required HTML tags
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Study Notes
- Introduction to Web Design
Internet vs WWW
- Although often used interchangeably, the terms "Internet" and "World Wide Web" (WWW) have distinct meanings.
- The Internet refers to the vast international network of interconnected computers and the infrastructure for communication (wires, routers).
- The World Wide Web (WWW), often called "the Web," is a collection of software programs that operate over the Internet, enabling the linking of documents and resources.
- WWW provides a means to access information available on the internet.
- For history, check: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet
Web Servers and Clients
- A Web server refers to a computer that is programmed to send files to browsers on devices connected to the Internet.
- Web browsers, like Firefox or Internet Explorer, function as clients that requests a web page from a web server.
- The web server then responds with the requested page that will display on the browser.
HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)
- HTTP enables computers on the WWW to communication.
- HTTP also handles the exchange of "request" and "response" between Web server and clients
URLs (Uniform Resource Locators)
- URL, also called a webpage address, stands for Uniform Resource Locator.
- URLs are typically entered into a web browser's location bar to view a specific web page.
- A URL consists of the "protocol needed to communicate with the Web server" and the "Name of the Web server"
- Example: http://www.umbc.edu
Domain Names
- A domain name is a textual string that corresponds to a numerical IP address, which is used to access websites via client software.
- A domain name is user-friendly text a user can type into a browser to navigate to a specific website.
- Example: google.com is the domain name that represents Google
- A URL contains the domain name, the protocol and the path
Network Topology
- Network topology refers to the physical as well as logical arrangement of nodes and connections within a network.
- Nodes in a network consist of devices such as switches, routers, and related software features.
- Network topologies are often graphically represented.
HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
- HTML is a markup language used to create web pages.
- It is made up of tags that define the structure of the document, such as headings, paragraphs, etc.
- HTML sample document:
<html>
<head>
<title>Bob’s Web page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is my first Web page</h1>
</body>
</html>
HTML Tags
- Opening and closing tags are used in pairs for most HTML tags.
- Example:
<p>Some content here.</p> - The
<p>...</p>tag is used to display a paragraph - The
<p>tag opens a paragraph - The
</p>tag closes a paragraph - The text "Some content here.” will be displayed on the page
Self-Closing HMTL Tags
- Some HTML tags are self closing
- Example:
<br /> - The
<br />tag displays a line break
Required Tags
- An HTML document must contain
html,head, andbodytags along with theDOCTYPEidentifier. !DOCTYPEtells browsers the standards the page adheres to.<html>...</html>surrounds all the contents of the webpage.<head>...</head>specifies identifying information of the page like its title.<title>...</title>names the page in the browser window's top bar<body>...</body>encloses the actual page content to be displayed in the browser.
Basic HMTL Template
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>CMSC104 HTML Template</title>
</head>
<body>
This is just a basic HTML template to be used in CMSC104.
</body>
</html>
Common HTML Tags and Meanings
<p>...</p>creates a paragraph.<br />adds a line break.<hr />separates sections using a horizontal rule.<h1>...</h1>displays a heading (h1 to h6).<!--...-->inserts a comment.<ol>...</ol>creates an ordered list.<ul>...</ul>creates an unordered list.<img />inserts an image into the document.<a>...</a>inserts a link into the document.
Paragraph Example
<p>
The exam next week will consist of T/F,
multiple choice, short answer and pseudocode
questions. You cannot use a calculator.
</p>
<p>
After the exam, we will learn JavaScript.
It should be fun!!
</p>
Line Break Example
<p>
Roses are Red. <br />
Violets are Blue. <br />
You should study for Exam 1. <br />
It will be good for you!
</p>
Horizontal Rule Example
<p>
The exam next week will consist of T/F,
multiple choice, short answer and
pseudocode questions. You cannot use a
calculator.
</p>
<hr />
<p>
After the exam, we will learn JavaScript.
It should be fun!!
</p>
Heading Example
<h1>This is heading 1</h1>
<h2>This is heading 2</h2>
<h3>This is heading 3</h3>
<h4>This is heading 4</h4>
<h5>This is heading 5</h5>
<h6>This is heading 6</h6>
Comment Example
<!-- This is just some sample html
to illustrate the use of a
comment -->
<p>
Here is my paragraph.
</p>
<!-- Here is another comment -->
Ordered List Example
<ol>
<li>Print Review Questions for Exam 1.</li>
<li>Work on Review Questions for Exam
1.</li>
</ol>
Unordered List Example
<ul>
<li>country music</li>
<li>monday mornings</li>
<li>brussels sprouts</li>
</ul>
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