Introduction to the World Wide Web and HTML

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the closing tag in an enclosing tag?

To prevent the display of the content on the web page.

To define nested elements within an enclosing element.

To start a new element in the document.

To indicate where the content for that element ends. (correct)

What is an example of a non-enclosing (empty) tag?

<li>First Item</li>

Your text here

(correct)

Which of the following statements about nesting tags is correct?

Nesting is used exclusively for non-enclosing tags.

The end tag of the most recent start tag must come first. (correct)

Only compound elements can be nested within each other.

End tags can appear in any order as long as they are included.

Which tag can be used within an unordered list?

<li> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended for better visibility of the structure in HTML?

Aligning start and end tags. Signup and view all the answers

What does the href attribute in an anchor tag specify?

The target location of the link Signup and view all the answers

How can an anchor link direct the user to a different part of the same webpage?

By specifying a location using '#location' in the href attribute Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the text associated with an anchor link?

To become the active clickable link Signup and view all the answers

What syntax is used to create a link that sends an email when clicked?

href='mailto:<a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>' Signup and view all the answers

What must be present to link to a specific spot on the same webpage using an anchor tag?

An id attribute in the target element Signup and view all the answers

What defines the difference between the World Wide Web (WWW) and the Internet?

WWW is a way to access information on the Internet. Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT essential for every HTML page?

JavaScript code Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the client-server model, which statement is true?

Any computer can be classified as either a client or server based on its role. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a requirement for the HTML document structure?

It must start with an HTML tag. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of tags in HTML?

To dictate how the content should be rendered in a web browser. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Document Type Declaration (DTD) in an HTML document?

To initiate the rendering mode of the document. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about HTML file names?

HTML files may have either .htm or .html extensions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of the 'head' tag in an HTML document?

It contains metadata and titles for the document. Signup and view all the answers

In HTML, what is the significance of entity references?

They allow for the inclusion of non-textual information. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of HTML is case-sensitive?

The text content within tags. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of attributes in HTML tags?

To provide additional information about the tag Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct syntax for specifying an attribute in an HTML tag?

attribute-name='attribute value' Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tags is used to create an unordered list in HTML?

<ul> Signup and view all the answers

Which attribute is recommended to always include in an tag?

alt Signup and view all the answers

What type of quotes does HTML accept for attribute values?

Straight quotes only Signup and view all the answers

How are multiple attributes specified for a single HTML tag?

Separated by a space Signup and view all the answers

What does the
tag do in an HTML document?

Inserts a line break Signup and view all the answers

Which tag is used to create hyperlinks in HTML?

<a> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the
tag in HTML?

To define a large block of quoted text Signup and view all the answers

In terms of heading hierarchy, which heading tag represents the highest level?

<h1> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The World Wide Web (WWW)

The WWW is a method of accessing information on the internet.
Information is contained within web pages and displayed in web browsers.
Web pages are interconnected through hypertext links, allowing users to navigate between them.
The WWW is not synonymous with the internet. The internet is the infrastructure, while the WWW is a service built upon it.

Client-Server Model

This model describes the interaction between networked computers.
Clients request information from servers, which then respond with the requested data.
Any computer can act as a client or server, depending on its primary function.

Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML)

HTML documents are text files with the extension .htm or .html.
They consist of a document type declaration (DTD), tags, character-based content, and entity references.
HTML is case-insensitive, except for the text content.
Spacing is ignored but can enhance readability.
Tags are specific words enclosed in angle brackets and act as containers for content.

Anatomy of an HTML Document

Every HTML page requires a basic template containing elements such as the document type declaration, the root-level html tag, and the head and body sections.

The HTML Template

The first line identifies the document as an HTML document.
The second line marks the beginning and end of the document using the html tag.
The head section provides metadata about the page, including character encoding and the title.
The body section contains the actual content displayed on the webpage.

HTML Tags

Two types of tags exist: enclosing and non-enclosing.
Enclosing tags have both a start and an end tag, while non-enclosing tags have only a start tag.
Tags can be nested, ensuring end tags are placed in reverse order of their start tags.
Ending tags can be closed with /> instead of >, though not mandatory in HTML 5.

Compound Elements

Some tags require other specific tags to function correctly, like the li tag within ol or ul.
These compound elements work together to create structured content.

Attributes

Attributes provide additional information about tags, such as resource locations and display styles.
They follow the syntax attribute-name="attribute-value".
Multiple attributes can be specified for a single tag, separated by spaces.
Quotation marks are recommended, especially for XHTML compatibility.

Frequently Used Tags

Headings are defined using h1 to h6, with h1 being the highest level.
Paragraphs are created using the p tag.
Ordered and unordered lists are created using ol and ul tags, respectively, with li tags for individual list items.
Blockquotes are used for quotations.
The br tag inserts a line break within a paragraph, and the hr tag adds a horizontal rule.

Images

Images are inserted into web pages using the img non-enclosing tag.
The src attribute specifies the image file location.
Allowed locations include URLs, full local paths, and relative paths.
The alt attribute provides alternative text for accessibility purposes, displaying when the image is missing or for voice rendering.

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Description

This quiz covers fundamental topics related to the World Wide Web, including its structure and function, as well as the client-server model. You will also learn about Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) and its components. Test your understanding of these essential internet concepts.