Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which storage mechanism should be used to hold form data while a user fills out a multi-step form to avoid data loss during navigation?
Which storage mechanism should be used to hold form data while a user fills out a multi-step form to avoid data loss during navigation?
What storage mechanism is most appropriate for storing a token used to authenticate a user after they log in?
What storage mechanism is most appropriate for storing a token used to authenticate a user after they log in?
Which storage mechanism would best save a user's selected items in an online shopping cart for a seamless shopping experience across pages?
Which storage mechanism would best save a user's selected items in an online shopping cart for a seamless shopping experience across pages?
When using oAuth for authentication, which piece of information is given directly to the user?
When using oAuth for authentication, which piece of information is given directly to the user?
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What should be used to securely store sensitive credentials after a user has logged in using oAuth?
What should be used to securely store sensitive credentials after a user has logged in using oAuth?
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What is the primary function of a CDN?
What is the primary function of a CDN?
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Which of the following is a benefit of using a CDN?
Which of the following is a benefit of using a CDN?
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Which of the following protocols is used to send and receive web content?
Which of the following protocols is used to send and receive web content?
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What is the role of a web server?
What is the role of a web server?
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What is the purpose of session storage in web browsers?
What is the purpose of session storage in web browsers?
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Which of the following options is NOT a CDN provider?
Which of the following options is NOT a CDN provider?
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Which tool is used to convert a normal PC into a server?
Which tool is used to convert a normal PC into a server?
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Which of the following statements about backend and frontend is false?
Which of the following statements about backend and frontend is false?
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What is the primary function of a domain name in internet navigation?
What is the primary function of a domain name in internet navigation?
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What does DNS stand for and what is its primary role?
What does DNS stand for and what is its primary role?
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Which statement correctly describes an IP address?
Which statement correctly describes an IP address?
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Which of the following correctly describes the role of a web server?
Which of the following correctly describes the role of a web server?
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Which of the following best describes HTTPS?
Which of the following best describes HTTPS?
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What does GeoDNS do?
What does GeoDNS do?
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Which entity is primarily responsible for resolving a domain name into its corresponding IP address?
Which entity is primarily responsible for resolving a domain name into its corresponding IP address?
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Which storage mechanism is most suitable for authenticating a user after login?
Which storage mechanism is most suitable for authenticating a user after login?
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What is a defining feature of session storage?
What is a defining feature of session storage?
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Which storage option is typically not used for tasks requiring data persistence beyond the current session?
Which storage option is typically not used for tasks requiring data persistence beyond the current session?
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What is the correct use case for local storage?
What is the correct use case for local storage?
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Which feature of cookies enhances security for user authentication?
Which feature of cookies enhances security for user authentication?
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What issue does local storage commonly face that impacts security?
What issue does local storage commonly face that impacts security?
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Which storage mechanism is the best option for saving a user's selected items in an online shopping cart across multiple pages?
Which storage mechanism is the best option for saving a user's selected items in an online shopping cart across multiple pages?
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When should you consider using session storage over cookies?
When should you consider using session storage over cookies?
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What does a Virtual Private Server (VPS) provide compared to shared hosting?
What does a Virtual Private Server (VPS) provide compared to shared hosting?
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Which web development languages are primarily used for front-end development according to the content?
Which web development languages are primarily used for front-end development according to the content?
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Which hosting method charges users based on the resources they consume?
Which hosting method charges users based on the resources they consume?
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What is a key benefit of AJAX in web pages?
What is a key benefit of AJAX in web pages?
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What primary challenge arises when developing a more complex web system?
What primary challenge arises when developing a more complex web system?
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What is the purpose of renting a domain name in web deployment?
What is the purpose of renting a domain name in web deployment?
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Which of the following is NOT a typical server type mentioned?
Which of the following is NOT a typical server type mentioned?
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What element of web systems does the document indicate may require machine learning?
What element of web systems does the document indicate may require machine learning?
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What does the 'listen 80' directive in the Nginx configuration specify?
What does the 'listen 80' directive in the Nginx configuration specify?
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Which aspect of a website indicates that it is static?
Which aspect of a website indicates that it is static?
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What is indicated by the URL example.com/add?n1=1&n2=2?
What is indicated by the URL example.com/add?n1=1&n2=2?
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What type of files are included when mentioning 'HTML + CSS'?
What type of files are included when mentioning 'HTML + CSS'?
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What additional features can be enabled to make a web page dynamic?
What additional features can be enabled to make a web page dynamic?
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In the context of web servers, what does 'FE' refer to?
In the context of web servers, what does 'FE' refer to?
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Which component of a website is responsible for rendering the user interface?
Which component of a website is responsible for rendering the user interface?
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What is a primary characteristic of the Back-End in a web application?
What is a primary characteristic of the Back-End in a web application?
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Study Notes
Web Basics & Request LifeCycle
- Web Basic Concepts include IP Address, Domain Name, DNS, GeoDNS, HTTP, HTTPS, CDN, AJAX, Request, and Response.
- Agenda items also cover API, Frontend (Client Side), Backend (Server Side), Web Server, Web Development Concepts.
- Web Sites Evolution: Key elements are Web Server, Front-End (HTML, CSS, JavaScript), and Back-End (Backend).
- Get & Deploy a Server: Includes deployment choices and methods.
- Web Browser Storage: This section details cookies, session storage, and local storage.
IP Address & Domain Name
- IP Address (Internet Protocol): A unique identifier for devices on a network, used for routing data between devices (e.g., 157.240.201.35).
- Domain name: A human-readable address for accessing websites or resources on the internet. (e.g., Facebook.com). It translates to an IP address for network communication.
DNS (Domain Name System)
- DNS: A naming system for computers, services, and resources connected to the internet or a private network.
- It translates human-readable domain names (e.g., facebook.com) into corresponding IP addresses (e.g., 157.240.201.35).
GeoDNS (Geographical DNS)
- GeoDNS is an extension to DNS that provides different DNS answers based on the client's geographical location. It routes users to servers closer to their location, improving response times.
Port
- Port: A numbered endpoint on a computer for network communication, enabling multiple services to run simultaneously (0-65535). Ports allow clients to connect to specific services on a server using its IP address and port number.
HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)
- HTTP is a standard protocol for transferring and receiving data on the web.
- It's a request-response system, where a client (e.g., a browser) sends requests for resources, and a server sends responses containing the requested data (e.g., HTML, images).
- HTTP typically uses TCP/IP (Reliable) with features like Ack, Retry, and Chunks for handling data transmission.
HTTP Security
- HTTP Security is a crucial topic in web development, focused on safeguarding data transmission, protecting sensitive information from interception, and preventing unauthorised access.
HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure)
- HTTPS is a secure version of HTTP. It adds encryption to protect data sent over the internet, ensuring only the website and the client can read the data.
- Encryption uses a key only decoded through the user key.
- HTTPS uses port 443.
CDN (Content Delivery Network)
- CDN is a network of distributed servers strategically placed to deliver web content (images, videos, scripts) efficiently to users. It minimizes latency and improves website performance.
- Examples include Amazon CloudFront, Cloudflare, Microsoft Azure CDN, and Google Cloud CDN.
HTTP(S) Request & Response
- HTTP(S) works with requests and responses.
- A browser sends an HTTP request to a server.
- The server processes the request and sends an HTTP response back.
Imaginary Evolution of Websites
- This section explores the transition from static websites to dynamic websites. Covers the evolution from simple static files to the addition of HTML, CSS, JS for front-end (FE) and PHP/Node.js for backend (BE).
- Evolution also touches on how you can convert a regular PC into a server.
- Includes topics on converting a normal PC to a server, including tools like web servers (Apache, Nginx, IIS) and configuration settings (like environment variables).
Nginx Example
- This section provides an example configuration snippet for Nginx. It demonstrates how to configure port, server name or IP, root path, and default index file.
Web Development Concepts & Storage Options
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JWT (JSON Web Tokens): commonly used in web applications for authentication and authorization.
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Cookies: Small amounts of data persisting across multiple browser sessions or when a browser closes and reopens. Used in tasks - user authentication and tracking user behavior.
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Session storage: Data accessible during the same browser session. It's suitable for temporary data needed for a specific page or tasks.
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Local storage: Data persists beyond the user session, suitable for larger amounts of data like application state, caching data, and storing user preferences. Tables compare attributes for these options.
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Discusses security concerns like XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) and emphasizes using secure features like HTTPOnly cookies to enhance security.
Question: Choose Storage Mechanism
- Presents scenarios and asks students to identify the most suitable storage mechanism (Cookies, Session Storage, or Local Storage) for the provided scenario (authenticating users, saving shopping cart items, holding multi-step form data).
oAuth
- oAuth is an authorization framework that enables third-party applications to access user data in applications like Facebook/Google without needing user credentials.
- The developer creates a Facebook App and receives a client ID and client secret. The client ID can be used by the user directly, whereas the client secret is solely for server use.
Transferring File: FTP vs SFTP (SSHFTP)
- FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a protocol for transferring files over a network in a non-secure way.
- SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) is based on SSH and provides secure transfer over the network.
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Description
This quiz covers essential web concepts including IP addresses, domain names, DNS, HTTP/HTTPS, and the request lifecycle. Explore the evolution of websites and the roles of frontend and backend development. Additionally, learn about web server deployment and browser storage options.
