Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was the primary purpose of the web as designed by Tim Burners-Lee?
What was the primary purpose of the web as designed by Tim Burners-Lee?
- To create a global marketplace for online shopping
- To facilitate secure financial transactions
- To provide a simple global information system (correct)
- To develop a social networking platform
When was the first web page launched?
When was the first web page launched?
- August 6, 1990
- November 10, 1990
- August 6, 1991 (correct)
- March 1, 1991
What label did Tim Burners-Lee place on his server to prevent it from being powered down?
What label did Tim Burners-Lee place on his server to prevent it from being powered down?
- This machine is a server. DO NOT POWER IT DOWN!! (correct)
- Attention: Server online
- Server in use
- Do not shut down
Who assisted Tim Burners-Lee in formalizing the Web as a management proposal?
Who assisted Tim Burners-Lee in formalizing the Web as a management proposal?
What was a key feature of the web that allowed users to navigate between documents?
What was a key feature of the web that allowed users to navigate between documents?
Which organization released versions of the WWW software for PC and Macintosh environments?
Which organization released versions of the WWW software for PC and Macintosh environments?
In what year did the first web server and browser run at CERN?
In what year did the first web server and browser run at CERN?
What was one significant outcome of Tim Burners-Lee's announcement on Internet newsgroups in March 1991?
What was one significant outcome of Tim Burners-Lee's announcement on Internet newsgroups in March 1991?
What is a significant impact of the web on communication?
What is a significant impact of the web on communication?
What protocol is used for sending emails, independent of the web?
What protocol is used for sending emails, independent of the web?
What foundational concept did Joseph Carl Robnett Licklider contribute to the development of the internet?
What foundational concept did Joseph Carl Robnett Licklider contribute to the development of the internet?
What was the primary purpose of the Domain Name System developed in the 1980s?
What was the primary purpose of the Domain Name System developed in the 1980s?
What was one of the primary consequences of the dot-com bubble burst in 2001?
What was one of the primary consequences of the dot-com bubble burst in 2001?
Which of the following statements about the World Wide Web is true?
Which of the following statements about the World Wide Web is true?
What was an adverse effect of increased access to information through the Internet?
What was an adverse effect of increased access to information through the Internet?
What technology significantly influenced the entertainment industry in the 2000s?
What technology significantly influenced the entertainment industry in the 2000s?
Which component is NOT part of the physical network infrastructure of the Internet?
Which component is NOT part of the physical network infrastructure of the Internet?
What was a notable development project led by Leonard Kleinrock and colleagues?
What was a notable development project led by Leonard Kleinrock and colleagues?
Why does sending an email not necessarily require a web browser?
Why does sending an email not necessarily require a web browser?
What best describes the relationship between the Internet and the World Wide Web?
What best describes the relationship between the Internet and the World Wide Web?
What was the main consequence of ARPANET being decommissioned in the 1990s?
What was the main consequence of ARPANET being decommissioned in the 1990s?
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Study Notes
The World Wide Web (WWW)
- Invented by Tim Berners-Lee, a British scientist, in 1989 while at CERN.
- First proposal written in March 1989, formalized in November 1990 with Robert Cailliau.
- First web server and browser operational at CERN by the end of 1990, using a NeXT computer.
- First website went live on August 6, 1991, at http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html.
- WWW software made available to CERN colleagues in March 1991, publicly announced in August 1991.
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) released PC and Macintosh versions in 1993, significantly increasing accessibility.
- The web is a network of interconnected web pages accessed via links, utilizing hypertext and hypermedia.
The Internet
- A massive global network connecting millions of computers.
- Includes physical cables (copper, fiber optic) and wireless connections (Wi-Fi, 3G/4G).
- Conceptualized in 1962 by Joseph Carl Robnett Licklider.
- Pioneered by work on packet-switching theory by Kleinrock, Merrill, and Roberts.
- ARPANET, a military computer network, was a key development.
- PhoneNet (1982) connected ARPANET with Telenet, expanding access.
- Domain Name System (DNS) developed by Mockapetris, Postel, and Partridge to manage increasing users. Symbolics.com was the first registered domain (1984).
- ARPANET decommissioned in the 1990s.
Web vs. Internet
- The web is an application built on the internet.
- The internet is the underlying infrastructure; the web is a system of information accessed through it.
- Not all internet functions require the web (e.g., email using SMTP).
Impact of the Web and Internet
- Communication: Enabled near-instant communication via email and social media, but also introduced risks of impulsive and careless messaging.
- Information: Increased access to information resources (books, articles, etc.) through search engines, but also fueled the spread of misinformation ("fake news").
- Entertainment: Revolutionized entertainment through gaming websites, streaming services, and digital media, but can lead to unhealthy habits and reduced real-world interaction.
- Education: Played a crucial role during COVID-19 lockdowns, facilitating online learning but also highlighting potential for over-reliance on digital platforms.
Key Dates and Events
- 1962: Licklider's vision of a global computer network.
- 1982: PhoneNet connects ARPANET and Telenet.
- 1984: Symbolics.com registers as the first domain name.
- 1989: Tim Berners-Lee invents the World Wide Web.
- 1991: First webpage and WWW software release.
- 1993: NCSA releases web browser versions for PC and Macintosh.
- 1995: Microsoft launches Windows 95, Amazon, Yahoo, and eBay emerge, Java is created.
- 1995-2000: Dot-com bubble.
- 2000s: Google's rise, emergence of Wi-Fi and smartphones.
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