Weaving Mechanisms Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the warp yarns passing through the 1st heald frame?

The warp yarns passing through the 1st heald frame form the bottom shed line.

Explain how the reversing mechanism contributes to shedding in the weaving process.

The reversing mechanism allows the 1st frame to move up while the 2nd frame moves down, enabling continuous shedding.

What defines positive tappet shedding?

Positive tappet shedding is defined as shedding where heald frames are raised and lowered by double cams.

Describe the role of the tappet shaft in positive tappet shedding.

<p>The tappet shaft provides the drive for the double cams that raise and lower the heald frames during the shedding operation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the rotary motion of double cams affect the heald frames?

<p>The rotary motion of double cams is converted into up and down motion of the heald frames.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the clamp screw in the mechanism described?

<p>The clamp screw is used for the adjustment of the fork lever by moving it up and down.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the sequence of movements when the lower cam presses the treadle roller.

<p>When the lower cam presses the treadle roller, the treadle lever moves toward the loom side, lowering the heald frame.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the heald frames when the upper cam presses the upper treadle roller?

<p>The upper cam pressing the upper treadle roller causes the heald frames to move upwards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the fork lever affect the shed opening?

<p>Moving the fork lever upward increases the shed opening, while moving it downward decreases it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of the dobby shedding mechanism compared to crank shedding?

<p>Dobby shedding allows for a variety of weave designs to be produced more easily than crank shedding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does the length of link rods have on shed height?

<p>Increasing the length of link rods raises the shed height, while decreasing it lowers the shed height.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might dobby shedding be considered more complex than crank or cam systems?

<p>Dobby shedding involves more intricate mechanisms and settings, making it more complicated to operate and maintain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of having no limit on the number of picks per repeat in dobby shedding?

<p>It allows for the creation of intricate weave designs with continuous patterns without restrictions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common installation position for dobby mechanisms in water jet looms?

<p>In water jet looms, dobbies are mounted in the upper position to avoid contact with water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the maintenance cost of dobby shedding mechanisms.

<p>Dobby shedding mechanisms typically incur higher initial and maintenance costs compared to simpler shedding systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential disadvantage of using a dobby shedding loom?

<p>Dobby shedding looms tend to operate slower than crank and tappet/cam shedding systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does increasing the number of cams have on the force (R) in the system?

<p>Increasing the number of cams raises the force (R) in the system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of cams that can be installed on a counter shaft to avoid excessive force?

<p>The maximum number of cams that can be installed is between 8 and 12.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define negative tappet shedding.

<p>Negative tappet shedding occurs when heald frames are lowered by single cams and returned by external devices like springs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In positive tappet shedding, how are the heald frames manipulated?

<p>Heald frames are raised and lowered by double cams.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the reversing media play in the tappet shedding mechanism?

<p>Reversing media, such as springs or pulleys, returns the frames to their original position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the construction of the treadle lever in the negative tappet shedding mechanism.

<p>The treadle lever has one end as a fulcrum connected to point 'F' and the other end linked to the bottom of the heald frames via a connecting rod.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the heald frames when the tappet cam presses the treadle lever?

<p>When the tappet cam presses the treadle lever, the connected heald frame moves down while another frame rises due to the reversing mechanism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the rotary motion of tappet cams affects the heald frames.

<p>The rotary motion of tappet cams is converted into the up and down motion of heald frames.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main categories of dobbies based on the selection method?

<p>Mechanical Dobbies and Electronic Dobbies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the three principal mechanisms that constitute every dobby shedding mechanism.

<p>Drive Mechanism, Selection Mechanism, and Lifting Mechanism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the selection mechanism determine the lift of a heald frame in a dobby?

<p>It checks the weave design information from the punched card, pegged lattice, or electronic means.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates the Keighley Double Lift Negative (KDLN) Dobby from other dobbies?

<p>It has two working knives, two hooks, and two feelers for each heald frame, allowing it to select two picks at a time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe Case 4 in the selection mechanism for a dobby.

<p>Case 4 occurs when there are pegs for both Feelers (F1 and F2).</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of dobby mechanisms, what is the function of the lifting mechanism?

<p>The lifting mechanism operates the lifting and lowering of the heald frames.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the drive mechanism in a dobby?

<p>The drive mechanism provides the necessary motion through either reciprocating knives or rotary components/cams.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the selection mechanism transmit motion to the lifting mechanism?

<p>It transmits motion based on the weave design information it receives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advantage do positive dobbies have over negative dobbies in terms of speed control?

<p>Positive dobbies can run safely at higher speeds due to better control of the shedding mechanism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the type of mechanism used in the Knowles Single Lift Positive (KSLP) Dobby.

<p>The KSLP Dobby employs a single acting or single lift mechanism, which performs shedding after every pick.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do the cylinders C1 and C2 play in the operation of the Knowles Dobby?

<p>Cylinders C1 and C2 drive the vibrator gear, enabling the movement of the heald frames during shedding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the initial position of the vibrator gear in the Knowles Dobby mechanism.

<p>At the initial position, the vibrator gear is down with a one-tooth gap at the top and a three-tooth gap at the bottom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the selection mechanism influence the lifting of the heald frame in the Knowles Dobby?

<p>The selection mechanism determines whether to lift a heald frame based on the positioning of the vibrator gear.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What unique feature do the cylinder gears C1 and C2 have regarding their design?

<p>Both cylinder gears have teeth on only half of their circumference, with the other half left blank.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the Knowles Dobby, how do the rotational directions of C1 and C2 differ?

<p>Cylinder C1 is rotated clockwise, while cylinder C2 is driven counterclockwise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the gaps left on the circumferences of the vibrator gear and cylinder gears?

<p>The gaps on the gears ensure that the drive mechanism functions correctly by providing necessary clearance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between rotary dobbies and traditional shedding mechanisms?

<p>Rotary dobbies use rotary elements with cam units instead of reciprocating knives, allowing for different shedding methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List the four main components of a cam unit in a rotary dobby mechanism.

<p>The components are the cam itself, ball bearings, coupling ring, and moveable key.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an electronic rotary dobby differ from a mechanical rotary dobby?

<p>An electronic rotary dobby uses solenoids or electromagnets for movement, while a mechanical dobby relies on physical ratchets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the moveable key in the rotary dobby mechanism?

<p>The moveable key engages with the coupling ring to enable the transfer of rotation necessary for lifting the heald frames.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who invented the Jacquard shedding mechanism and in what year?

<p>Joseph Marie Jacquard invented the Jacquard shedding mechanism in 1801.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of shedding mechanisms are mentioned apart from Jacquard shedding?

<p>Crank shedding, tappet shedding, and dobby shedding are other types of shedding mechanisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of the microprocessor in an electronic rotary dobby.

<p>The microprocessor reads the weaving design and signals the solenoids to lift the frame as required.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism moves the moveable key in an electronic rotary dobby?

<p>In an electronic rotary dobby, the ratchet is moved by solenoids controlled by electrical signals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Weaving Mechanisms

  • Warping yarns are divided into two layers
  • The top layer is called the top shed line
  • The bottom layer is called the bottom shed line
  • The gap between the two layers is called the shed

Objectives of the Shedding Motion

  • Raising and lowering of the heald frames, carrying warp yarns
  • Creating an opening for picking media to pass through
  • Adjusting warp yarns' positions for warp and weft interlacing according to weave design

Types of Sheds

  • Different shedding mechanisms create various shed types:
    • Bottom closed shed
    • Semi open shed
    • Centre closed shed
    • Fully open shed

Types of Shedding Mechanisms

  • Four types of shedding mechanisms:
    • Crank shedding
    • Tappet shedding
    • Dobby shedding
    • Jacquard shedding

Jacquard Shedding

  • Uses individual harnesses to lift individual warp yarns
  • These are attachments that can be fitted on any loom
  • Looms can be classified as:
    • Crank loom
    • Tappet loom
    • Dobby loom
    • Jacquard loom

Positive Shedding

  • Raising and lowering of heald frames done by double cams

Negative Shedding

  • Heald frames are either raised or lowered by a mechanism
  • Returned to their original position by external devices like springs

Reversing Media

  • Media that returns frames to their original positions
  • Examples: springs, pulleys, and elastic

Crank Shedding

  • Simplest shedding mechanism
  • Operated at high loom speeds with minimum fabric faults
  • Uses two identical eccentrics/levers placed opposite to each other
  • Suitable only for plain weaves

Tappet Shedding

  • Simple, inexpensive, and easy to maintain
  • Handles up to 8-12 heald frames
  • Suitable for plain weave, warp rib, weft rib, simple twills, satin/sateen, and stripe satin
  • Number of cams depends on the weave repeat
  • Mechanism does not cause fabric faults, does not limit loom speed
  • Disadvantages include needing to change tappets/cams when changing weave design

Dobby Shedding

  • Versatile method of creating a shed
  • Commonly designed to handle 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, or up to 32 heald frames
  • Capable of producing more complex weaves
  • More complicated than crank or cam systems
  • Higher initial and maintenance costs
  • Slower than crank or tappet shedding

Electronic Rotary Dobby

  • Electronic means of shedding
  • Uses solenoids or electromagnets for lifting/lowering heald frames
  • Computer-controlled
  • No physical medium to signal

Principle of Dobby Shedding Mechanism

  • Three main mechanisms: drive, selection, and lifting
  • Drive is from main or bottom shaft, using knives or rotary components for selecting which frames to lift

Classification of Dobby Shedding

  • Systems are classified by their working principle, drive, and method of weave selection

Principles of Jacquard Shedding Mechanism

  • The mechanism has drive, selection, and lifting mechanisms.
  • Drive mechanism: It's permanent, either from main or bottom shaft, and it either operates reciprocating knives or rotary components.
  • Selection mechanism: It determines which heald frame to lift and is based on punched, pegged, or electronic devices.
  • Lifting mechanism: It raises or lowers heald frames using various methods dependent on the design

Types of Tappet Shedding

  • Two types: positive and negative

Positive Tappet Shedding

  • Heald frames are raised and lowered by double cams.

Negative Tappet Shedding

  • Raising and lowering by single cams, with reversing media like springs or reversal pulleys for returning to original position.

Shed Settings

  • Adjusting shed opening: moving the fork (lever) upwards changes the shed opening
  • Adjusting height: length changes height of the shed

Shed Height

  • Adjusting shed height, by changing the length of the link rods
  • Increasing the length for increasing height; vice versa.

Different Cam-Follower Arrangements

  • Various ways of arranging cams and follower components for specific purposes

Number of Cams or Hooks

  • Number of individual cams or hooks varies according to the design of the weave, with minimum and maximum counts.

Additional Information

  • Fabric and loom speed limitations
  • Detailed analyses of specific mechanisms
  • Differences in component construction and arrangement.
  • Detailed construction and functions of various mechanisms
  • Numerous diagrams and illustrations for clarification
  • Detailed descriptions of several different types of looms

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Weaving Mechanisms PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on various weaving mechanisms and their objectives. This quiz covers key concepts such as sheddings, shedding types, and mechanisms including Jacquard, Dobby, and more. Perfect for textile and weaving students!

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