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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of the warp yarns passing through the 1st heald frame?
What is the main function of the warp yarns passing through the 1st heald frame?
The warp yarns passing through the 1st heald frame form the bottom shed line.
Explain how the reversing mechanism contributes to shedding in the weaving process.
Explain how the reversing mechanism contributes to shedding in the weaving process.
The reversing mechanism allows the 1st frame to move up while the 2nd frame moves down, enabling continuous shedding.
What defines positive tappet shedding?
What defines positive tappet shedding?
Positive tappet shedding is defined as shedding where heald frames are raised and lowered by double cams.
Describe the role of the tappet shaft in positive tappet shedding.
Describe the role of the tappet shaft in positive tappet shedding.
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How does the rotary motion of double cams affect the heald frames?
How does the rotary motion of double cams affect the heald frames?
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What is the purpose of the clamp screw in the mechanism described?
What is the purpose of the clamp screw in the mechanism described?
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Explain the sequence of movements when the lower cam presses the treadle roller.
Explain the sequence of movements when the lower cam presses the treadle roller.
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What happens to the heald frames when the upper cam presses the upper treadle roller?
What happens to the heald frames when the upper cam presses the upper treadle roller?
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How does the fork lever affect the shed opening?
How does the fork lever affect the shed opening?
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What is one advantage of the dobby shedding mechanism compared to crank shedding?
What is one advantage of the dobby shedding mechanism compared to crank shedding?
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What impact does the length of link rods have on shed height?
What impact does the length of link rods have on shed height?
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Why might dobby shedding be considered more complex than crank or cam systems?
Why might dobby shedding be considered more complex than crank or cam systems?
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What is the advantage of having no limit on the number of picks per repeat in dobby shedding?
What is the advantage of having no limit on the number of picks per repeat in dobby shedding?
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What is a common installation position for dobby mechanisms in water jet looms?
What is a common installation position for dobby mechanisms in water jet looms?
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Describe the maintenance cost of dobby shedding mechanisms.
Describe the maintenance cost of dobby shedding mechanisms.
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What is one potential disadvantage of using a dobby shedding loom?
What is one potential disadvantage of using a dobby shedding loom?
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What effect does increasing the number of cams have on the force (R) in the system?
What effect does increasing the number of cams have on the force (R) in the system?
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What is the maximum number of cams that can be installed on a counter shaft to avoid excessive force?
What is the maximum number of cams that can be installed on a counter shaft to avoid excessive force?
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Define negative tappet shedding.
Define negative tappet shedding.
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In positive tappet shedding, how are the heald frames manipulated?
In positive tappet shedding, how are the heald frames manipulated?
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What role does the reversing media play in the tappet shedding mechanism?
What role does the reversing media play in the tappet shedding mechanism?
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Describe the construction of the treadle lever in the negative tappet shedding mechanism.
Describe the construction of the treadle lever in the negative tappet shedding mechanism.
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What happens to the heald frames when the tappet cam presses the treadle lever?
What happens to the heald frames when the tappet cam presses the treadle lever?
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Explain how the rotary motion of tappet cams affects the heald frames.
Explain how the rotary motion of tappet cams affects the heald frames.
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What are the two main categories of dobbies based on the selection method?
What are the two main categories of dobbies based on the selection method?
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Name the three principal mechanisms that constitute every dobby shedding mechanism.
Name the three principal mechanisms that constitute every dobby shedding mechanism.
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How does the selection mechanism determine the lift of a heald frame in a dobby?
How does the selection mechanism determine the lift of a heald frame in a dobby?
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What differentiates the Keighley Double Lift Negative (KDLN) Dobby from other dobbies?
What differentiates the Keighley Double Lift Negative (KDLN) Dobby from other dobbies?
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Describe Case 4 in the selection mechanism for a dobby.
Describe Case 4 in the selection mechanism for a dobby.
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In the context of dobby mechanisms, what is the function of the lifting mechanism?
In the context of dobby mechanisms, what is the function of the lifting mechanism?
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What is the role of the drive mechanism in a dobby?
What is the role of the drive mechanism in a dobby?
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How does the selection mechanism transmit motion to the lifting mechanism?
How does the selection mechanism transmit motion to the lifting mechanism?
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What advantage do positive dobbies have over negative dobbies in terms of speed control?
What advantage do positive dobbies have over negative dobbies in terms of speed control?
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Describe the type of mechanism used in the Knowles Single Lift Positive (KSLP) Dobby.
Describe the type of mechanism used in the Knowles Single Lift Positive (KSLP) Dobby.
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What role do the cylinders C1 and C2 play in the operation of the Knowles Dobby?
What role do the cylinders C1 and C2 play in the operation of the Knowles Dobby?
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Explain the initial position of the vibrator gear in the Knowles Dobby mechanism.
Explain the initial position of the vibrator gear in the Knowles Dobby mechanism.
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How does the selection mechanism influence the lifting of the heald frame in the Knowles Dobby?
How does the selection mechanism influence the lifting of the heald frame in the Knowles Dobby?
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What unique feature do the cylinder gears C1 and C2 have regarding their design?
What unique feature do the cylinder gears C1 and C2 have regarding their design?
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In the context of the Knowles Dobby, how do the rotational directions of C1 and C2 differ?
In the context of the Knowles Dobby, how do the rotational directions of C1 and C2 differ?
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What is the significance of the gaps left on the circumferences of the vibrator gear and cylinder gears?
What is the significance of the gaps left on the circumferences of the vibrator gear and cylinder gears?
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What is the primary difference between rotary dobbies and traditional shedding mechanisms?
What is the primary difference between rotary dobbies and traditional shedding mechanisms?
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List the four main components of a cam unit in a rotary dobby mechanism.
List the four main components of a cam unit in a rotary dobby mechanism.
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How does an electronic rotary dobby differ from a mechanical rotary dobby?
How does an electronic rotary dobby differ from a mechanical rotary dobby?
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What is the function of the moveable key in the rotary dobby mechanism?
What is the function of the moveable key in the rotary dobby mechanism?
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Who invented the Jacquard shedding mechanism and in what year?
Who invented the Jacquard shedding mechanism and in what year?
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What types of shedding mechanisms are mentioned apart from Jacquard shedding?
What types of shedding mechanisms are mentioned apart from Jacquard shedding?
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Explain the role of the microprocessor in an electronic rotary dobby.
Explain the role of the microprocessor in an electronic rotary dobby.
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What mechanism moves the moveable key in an electronic rotary dobby?
What mechanism moves the moveable key in an electronic rotary dobby?
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Study Notes
Weaving Mechanisms
- Warping yarns are divided into two layers
- The top layer is called the top shed line
- The bottom layer is called the bottom shed line
- The gap between the two layers is called the shed
Objectives of the Shedding Motion
- Raising and lowering of the heald frames, carrying warp yarns
- Creating an opening for picking media to pass through
- Adjusting warp yarns' positions for warp and weft interlacing according to weave design
Types of Sheds
- Different shedding mechanisms create various shed types:
- Bottom closed shed
- Semi open shed
- Centre closed shed
- Fully open shed
Types of Shedding Mechanisms
- Four types of shedding mechanisms:
- Crank shedding
- Tappet shedding
- Dobby shedding
- Jacquard shedding
Jacquard Shedding
- Uses individual harnesses to lift individual warp yarns
- These are attachments that can be fitted on any loom
- Looms can be classified as:
- Crank loom
- Tappet loom
- Dobby loom
- Jacquard loom
Positive Shedding
- Raising and lowering of heald frames done by double cams
Negative Shedding
- Heald frames are either raised or lowered by a mechanism
- Returned to their original position by external devices like springs
Reversing Media
- Media that returns frames to their original positions
- Examples: springs, pulleys, and elastic
Crank Shedding
- Simplest shedding mechanism
- Operated at high loom speeds with minimum fabric faults
- Uses two identical eccentrics/levers placed opposite to each other
- Suitable only for plain weaves
Tappet Shedding
- Simple, inexpensive, and easy to maintain
- Handles up to 8-12 heald frames
- Suitable for plain weave, warp rib, weft rib, simple twills, satin/sateen, and stripe satin
- Number of cams depends on the weave repeat
- Mechanism does not cause fabric faults, does not limit loom speed
- Disadvantages include needing to change tappets/cams when changing weave design
Dobby Shedding
- Versatile method of creating a shed
- Commonly designed to handle 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, or up to 32 heald frames
- Capable of producing more complex weaves
- More complicated than crank or cam systems
- Higher initial and maintenance costs
- Slower than crank or tappet shedding
Electronic Rotary Dobby
- Electronic means of shedding
- Uses solenoids or electromagnets for lifting/lowering heald frames
- Computer-controlled
- No physical medium to signal
Principle of Dobby Shedding Mechanism
- Three main mechanisms: drive, selection, and lifting
- Drive is from main or bottom shaft, using knives or rotary components for selecting which frames to lift
Classification of Dobby Shedding
- Systems are classified by their working principle, drive, and method of weave selection
Principles of Jacquard Shedding Mechanism
- The mechanism has drive, selection, and lifting mechanisms.
- Drive mechanism: It's permanent, either from main or bottom shaft, and it either operates reciprocating knives or rotary components.
- Selection mechanism: It determines which heald frame to lift and is based on punched, pegged, or electronic devices.
- Lifting mechanism: It raises or lowers heald frames using various methods dependent on the design
Types of Tappet Shedding
- Two types: positive and negative
Positive Tappet Shedding
- Heald frames are raised and lowered by double cams.
Negative Tappet Shedding
- Raising and lowering by single cams, with reversing media like springs or reversal pulleys for returning to original position.
Shed Settings
- Adjusting shed opening: moving the fork (lever) upwards changes the shed opening
- Adjusting height: length changes height of the shed
Shed Height
- Adjusting shed height, by changing the length of the link rods
- Increasing the length for increasing height; vice versa.
Different Cam-Follower Arrangements
- Various ways of arranging cams and follower components for specific purposes
Number of Cams or Hooks
- Number of individual cams or hooks varies according to the design of the weave, with minimum and maximum counts.
Additional Information
- Fabric and loom speed limitations
- Detailed analyses of specific mechanisms
- Differences in component construction and arrangement.
- Detailed construction and functions of various mechanisms
- Numerous diagrams and illustrations for clarification
- Detailed descriptions of several different types of looms
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Description
Test your knowledge on various weaving mechanisms and their objectives. This quiz covers key concepts such as sheddings, shedding types, and mechanisms including Jacquard, Dobby, and more. Perfect for textile and weaving students!