Weather Concepts and Atmospheric Science

Autotrophs produce their own food, serving as the primary energy source for other organisms in the ecosystem.

Carrying capacity is the maximum population size that an environment can sustain given its resources.

Bioaccumulation refers to the buildup of toxins in a single organism, while biomagnification describes the increase of toxin concentration as it moves up trophic levels.

<p>Mutualism is a relationship where both species benefit, enhancing survival and reproductive success for each.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limiting factors restrict population growth by affecting resources like food and space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eutrophication is the process where excess nutrients lead to algal blooms and subsequent oxygen depletion in aquatic ecosystems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Invasive species are non-native organisms that disrupt local ecosystems and can outcompete native species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biodiversity enhances ecosystem resilience and stability, supporting various ecological processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By subtracting the atomic number from the atomic mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pure substances consist of only one type of element or compound, while mixtures are combinations of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Noble gases are non-reactive and exist in Group 18 of the periodic table.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Condensation is the change of state from gas to liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They represent the valence electrons of an atom as dots around its chemical symbol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons resulting in charged ions, while covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The formula for sodium chloride is NaCl, and it is an ionic compound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A balanced chemical equation shows the reactants and products involved in a reaction along with their respective amounts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acid rain lowers pH levels in soil, leaching nutrients and harming plant growth, which damages forests and reduces biodiversity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eliminating wolves leads to overpopulation of deer, resulting in overgrazing that destroys vegetation and causes soil erosion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis, converting it into glucose and oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deforestation removes trees that absorb carbon dioxide, increasing greenhouse gas levels and contributing to climate change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Overfishing can collapse the food web, causing imbalances that lead to overpopulation or decline of predator or prey species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biomagnification is the process where DDT accumulates in increasingly higher concentrations as it moves up the food chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decomposing organisms release carbon stored in their bodies back into the soil and atmosphere, maintaining the carbon cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Long-term nutrient leaching can lead to soil degradation, reducing agricultural productivity and ecosystem stability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main products of photosynthesis are glucose and oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deforestation leads to loss of biodiversity and habitat destruction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eutrophication is the excessive growth of algae in water bodies due to nutrient overload, primarily caused by the use of fertilizers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical properties describe a substance's ability to undergo chemical reactions, while physical properties can be observed or measured without changing the substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rusting of iron is a chemical change, indicated by a color change and the formation of a new substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protons have a positive charge and are found in the nucleus, while neutrons are neutral and also located in the nucleus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methods include using integrated pest management, reducing pesticide use, and promoting organic alternatives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transitioning to clean energy and enforcing environmental regulations can mitigate pollution effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A skeletal equation uses chemical formulas without ensuring the same number of atoms on both sides, while a balanced equation has an equal number of each type of atom on both sides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>This is a synthesis reaction, where two reactants combine to form one product.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If the litmus paper turns red, the substance is an acid; if it turns blue, it is a base.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A neutralization reaction produces salt and water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A physical property can be observed without changing the substance's identity, while a chemical property involves a change in the substance. For example, 'iron rusts in moist air' is a chemical property.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The melting of sodium chloride is a physical change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biodiversity is the variety of living organisms in an ecosystem. It contributes to resilience by providing a range of species that can adapt to changes and maintain ecosystem functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common acids include vinegar and lemon juice, while common bases include baking soda and soap.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The combustion of methane occurs when it reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy in the form of heat and light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Zebra mussels are an invasive species that outcompete native mussels for food and space. They disrupt the balance of the ecosystem and reduce native species populations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with non-living elements such as air, water, and soil. Its components include both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A population consists of all members of one species in an area, while a community includes all populations of different species in the same area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biotic components are the living parts of an ecosystem, such as plants and animals. They interact with each other and their environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abiotic components are the non-living elements of an ecosystem, such as sunlight and water. They influence the living organisms in the ecosystem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If a primary consumer is removed, predators will likely decline due to a lack of food, while the producer population may increase unchecked, disrupting the ecosystem's balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first trophic level consists of producers, typically plants; the second level includes primary consumers like herbivores; the third level includes secondary consumers like small carnivores; and the fourth level includes top predators like eagles.</p> Signup and view all the answers