Waves, Optics and Relativity Concepts

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Questions and Answers

If the frequency of a wave increases while its speed remains constant, what happens to its wavelength?

  • It remains the same.
  • It fluctuates unpredictably.
  • It increases.
  • It decreases. (correct)

When does constructive interference occur between two waves?

  • When the crests of both waves align.
  • When the crest of one wave meets the trough of another wave.
  • Both B and C (correct)
  • When the troughs of both waves align.

What type of lens is used to correct farsightedness (hyperopia)?

  • A cylindrical lens
  • A bifocal lens
  • A diverging (concave) lens
  • A converging (convex) lens (correct)

How does the speed of light in a vacuum relate to different inertial frames of reference, according to the special relativity postulate?

<p>It is constant for all observers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are soap bubbles often used as an example of thin-film interference?

<p>They exhibit colorful patterns due to light interference from the thin film of the bubble. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the principles of relativity, how does the measured length of a moving object change for a stationary observer relative to the object's rest length?

<p>It appears shorter. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during gamma decay?

<p>The emission of a high-energy photon without changing mass or atomic number. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In nuclear physics, what does the term 'binding energy' refer to?

<p>The energy required to break a nucleus into its constituent protons and neutrons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key requirement for nuclear transmutation to occur?

<p>Bombarding a nucleus with a particle. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an object is placed closer to a concave mirror than its center of curvature (but still in front of the focal point), what will be the characteristics of the image formed?

<p>Inverted, real, and enlarged (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Wavelength

The distance between two consecutive crests or troughs in a wave.

Wave Characteristics

Frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional.

Law of Reflection

The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.

Concave Mirror Image Orientation

Can be inverted, real, and either enlarged or diminished depending on the object's position.

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Polaroids and Light

When two polaroids are perpendicular, light is blocked.

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Electromagnetic Waves

Includes radio waves, microwaves and X-rays, but not sound waves.

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3D Wavefront Formation

Requires a uniform and relative medium and velocity.

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Interference

Formation of nodal and antinodal lines when waves meet.

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Constructive vs. Destructive Interference

Constructive occurs when crests align; destructive when a crest and a trough meet.

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Special Relativity Postulate

The laws of physics remain the same in all inertial frames.

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