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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of convex lenses?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of convex lenses?
What happens to the speed of light when it enters a prism?
What happens to the speed of light when it enters a prism?
What happens to the light rays when they pass through a concave lens?
What happens to the light rays when they pass through a concave lens?
Why is a red object seen as red?
Why is a red object seen as red?
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Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between red and cyan?
Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between red and cyan?
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What are the characteristics of mechanical waves?
What are the characteristics of mechanical waves?
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What does amplitude represent in a wave?
What does amplitude represent in a wave?
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Which type of wave is characterized by particles moving parallel to the direction of wave motion?
Which type of wave is characterized by particles moving parallel to the direction of wave motion?
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What effect causes a change in frequency due to the motion between the source and observer?
What effect causes a change in frequency due to the motion between the source and observer?
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Which type of interference leads to a larger wave?
Which type of interference leads to a larger wave?
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What is the primary factor that determines the pitch of a sound?
What is the primary factor that determines the pitch of a sound?
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Which type of light can be seen by insects but not by humans?
Which type of light can be seen by insects but not by humans?
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Which statement about reflection is true?
Which statement about reflection is true?
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What is unique about convex mirrors compared to flat mirrors?
What is unique about convex mirrors compared to flat mirrors?
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How is a standing wave created?
How is a standing wave created?
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What is the relationship between wavelength and energy in waves?
What is the relationship between wavelength and energy in waves?
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What happens to sound waves as temperature increases?
What happens to sound waves as temperature increases?
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What is the purpose of the Decibel scale (dB)?
What is the purpose of the Decibel scale (dB)?
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Flashcards
Refraction
Refraction
Bending of light when it enters a new medium at an angle.
Concave Lens
Concave Lens
A lens that diverges light rays, producing virtual images.
Convex Lens
Convex Lens
A lens that converges light rays, producing real or virtual images.
Dispersion
Dispersion
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Additive Primary Colors
Additive Primary Colors
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Wave
Wave
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Medium
Medium
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Mechanical Waves
Mechanical Waves
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Electromagnetic Waves
Electromagnetic Waves
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Amplitude
Amplitude
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Wavelength
Wavelength
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Frequency
Frequency
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Doppler Effect
Doppler Effect
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Standing Wave
Standing Wave
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Resonance
Resonance
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Law of Reflection
Law of Reflection
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Transparent
Transparent
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Concave Mirror
Concave Mirror
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Decibel Scale
Decibel Scale
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Study Notes
Waves
- Waves are disturbances that carry energy through matter or space.
- Most waves require a medium to travel through.
- All waves are either mechanical or electromagnetic.
- Mechanical waves need a medium; examples include sound, earthquakes, and tsunamis.
- Electromagnetic waves do not require a medium; examples include light and radio waves.
Energy in Waves
- Energy is the ability to do work.
- Waves carry energy.
- Larger waves carry more energy than smaller waves.
- Energy spreads out as a wave travels outward from its source.
Types of Waves
- Mechanical Waves: waves that require a medium
- Simple Harmonic Motion: a type of vibration where a force moves a mass back and forth to its original position.
- Damped Harmonic Motion: a type of vibration fades as energy is transferred .
- Transverse Waves: waves in which the wave motion is perpendicular to the particle of motion(electromagnetic waves)
- Crest: top of the wave
- Trough: bottom of the wave
- Longitudinal Waves: waves in which the wave motion is parallel to the particle motion
- Compression: area where the wave is crowded
- Rarefactions: area where the wave is spread out
- Surface Waves: waves that occur at the boundary between two different mediums, where the particles move both perpendicular and parallel to the direction of motion.
Wave Properties
- Amplitude: the greatest distance that particles are displaced from their normal resting positions.
- Wavelength: the distance between two consecutive crests or troughs of a wave. Represented by λ (lambda).
- Period: the time required for one complete vibration. Represented by T.
- Frequency: the number of wavelengths that pass a given point in a given time interval. Represented by f (Hertz).
- Wave speed = wavelength * frequency
Wave Behavior
- Doppler Effect: change in frequency of waves due to motion between the source of the waves and the observer.
- Reflection: bouncing back of waves when they meet a surface or boundary. Does not change the wave's speed or frequency.
- Refraction: bending of waves as they pass through an edge or obstacle, depending on wavelength and size of barrier.
- Diffraction: bending of waves as they pass through an edge of an obstacle or narrow opening.
- Interference: combination of two or more waves to form a different resultant wave.
- Constructive: waves combine to make a bigger wave
- Destructive: waves combine to make a smaller wave
Sound
- Sound waves are longitudinal waves and mechanical.
- Loudness: response to sound intensity, measured in decibels (dB).
- Intensity: rate at which sound waves transmit energy.
- Pitch: how high or low a sound is, measured by frequency.
- Infrasound: frequencies below the range humans can hear.
- Ultrasound: frequencies above the range humans can hear.
Musical Instruments and Resonance
- Instruments use standing waves.
- Changing features affects wavelength and pitch.
- Resonance is a phenomenon where two objects naturally vibrate at the same frequency.
Light
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Light has a dual nature (wave and particle).
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Light is an electromagnetic wave.
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Photons: packets of energy in light.
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Electromagnetic Spectrum: the range of all possible electromagnetic waves.
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Transparent: materials that allow most light to pass through.
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Translucent: materials that scatter light.
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Opaque: materials that absorb or reflect all light.
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Reflection: light bouncing off a surface. The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.
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Mirrors: reflect light. Virtual and real images.
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Lenses: focus or disperse light.
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Refraction: light bending as it passes from one medium to another
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Dispersion: separation of light into its component colors.
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Additive Primary Colors: red, green, and blue—mix to make white light.
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Subtractive Primary Colors: cyan, magenta, and yellow—used in paints, etc. (opposite of additives)
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of waves, including definitions, types, and the energy they carry. Explore mechanical and electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, and the effects of wave energy. Perfect for students learning about wave dynamics in physics.
