Waterway Design and Navigation

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Questions and Answers

What is a major concern for ports when it comes to infragravity waves?

  • They disrupt sensitive cargo transfer operations (correct)
  • They improve vessel steerability
  • They cause erosion of the port basin
  • They increase the depth of the access channel

What can trigger a seiche in a port basin?

  • A decrease in the port's water depth
  • A vessel entering the port basin
  • A sudden change in wind speed or atmospheric pressure (correct)
  • A gradual increase in water temperature

What is the main reason for considering currents in port design?

  • To improve vessel entrance and departure (correct)
  • To increase the width of access channels
  • To reduce sedimentation and erosion
  • To reduce the required depth of the access channel

What is an important factor to consider when designing the access channel of a port?

<p>The cross currents that influence vessel steerability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary way to understand the nature of currents at a port site?

<p>By conducting surveys and hydrodynamic modelling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important consideration for ports located in extreme climate zones?

<p>The impact of dense fog, snow, and ice on port operations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of not considering infragravity waves in port design?

<p>Downtime due to resonant surges (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of currents in ports?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the combination of sinkage and trim caused by uneven loading?

<p>Squat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor in determining the number of navigation lanes required in a waterway?

<p>Traffic intensity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cross-sectional widening on a vessel's navigation?

<p>Decrease pressure at the bow of the ship (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a third navigation lane in a waterway?

<p>To provide an overtaking opportunity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the water flowing from the side of an expansion in a waterway?

<p>Return current (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary organization that provides design standards for waterborne transport infrastructure?

<p>Water Association for Waterborne Transport Infrastructure (PIANC) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of wave is longer than gravity waves, with periods ranging from 20-600 seconds?

<p>Infragravity waves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why infragravity waves are difficult to detect?

<p>They cannot be easily seen by the naked eye (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key responsibility of the port authority in a Landlord Port model?

<p>Maintenance of port infrastructure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of port model typically results in monopolistic behavior that limits further addition of value to society?

<p>Private Port (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major disadvantage of the Public Service Port model?

<p>Does not encourage competition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of development do successful ports typically undergo from their inception?

<p>Continuous development (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common factor that determines the location, size, and shape of successful ports?

<p>Natural access to the hinterland (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advantage do private companies have in a Private Port model?

<p>Maximum flexibility in investment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which port model places the private sector in charge of civil engineering infrastructure and equipment acquisition?

<p>Build, Operate, and Transfer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What natural feature is important for providing shelter from waves, winds, and strong currents?

<p>Good harbor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate throughput of an LNG terminal with 2 berths?

<p>10 Mt/yr (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of port zoning?

<p>To position berths and terminals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate gross terminal area required for a container terminal with a throughput of 8 MTEU/yr?

<p>400 ha (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consideration for local zoning in port layout development?

<p>Clusters within the port/industrial zone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate berth productivity of a dry bulk terminal?

<p>5 Mt/(berth · yr) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of benchmarking against throughput and physical dimensions of existing terminals?

<p>To derive rules of thumb for terminal design (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is identified as a significant factor for the development of the port of Singapore?

<p>Unique geographical position (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What often influences the decision to develop an existing port or locate a new one?

<p>Access to a large hinterland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can good hinterland connections benefit a port?

<p>Reduce logistics costs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is integrated into a larger infrastructure development plan during early port masterplanning?

<p>Developing road, rail, and waterways (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not listed as a common port service area?

<p>Tourist hotels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of support craft is mentioned as requiring a base inside the port?

<p>Oil spill response vessels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following services is explicitly mentioned as part of port water areas?

<p>Water treatment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

One cost-reducing measure for port development is to:

<p>Keep access channels short (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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