Water
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of Earth's water is fresh water suitable for use?

  • 3%
  • 70%
  • 30%
  • 1% (correct)

    • Which of the following statements accurately describes the state of fresh water on Earth?

  • Fresh water is primarily found in the oceans.
  • Most of the fresh water is located in rivers and lakes.
  • Fresh water is evenly distributed across the Earth's surface.
  • The majority of fresh water is frozen in polar regions and glaciers. (correct)

    • What is the term for the substance that is dissolved in a solution?

  • Solvent
  • Mixture
  • Solution
  • Solute (correct)

    • Which activity is likely to be least affected by a scarcity of water?

    <p>Drinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one significant reason for water pollution?

    <p>Inadequate conservation efforts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when the saturated solution of copper sulfate is heated?

    <p>It becomes unsaturated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the effect of cooling a hot unsaturated solution of copper sulfate?

    <p>It becomes saturated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following solutes is noted to have decreased solubility with increasing temperature?

    <p>Calcium sulfate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the solubility of copper sulfate at 20°C?

    <p>32 g per 100 g of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is water considered essential for living organisms?

    <p>It constitutes almost 70% of body mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a solution in the context of water?

    <p>A homogeneous mixture of a solute in a solvent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of water is considered the purest form of natural water?

    <p>Rainwater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can't water from seas and oceans be directly used for drinking or irrigation?

    <p>It contains large amounts of dissolved salts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of groundwater?

    <p>Surface water seeping into the ground</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of water makes it a universal solvent?

    <p>Its capacity to dissolve many substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does water play in temperature regulation?

    <p>It absorbs heat to maintain a constant temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which living organism has the highest water content?

    <p>Milk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is water involved in food absorption?

    <p>It acts as a solvent for nutrient extraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary purpose of water in agriculture?

    <p>To irrigate fields.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one recreational use of water?

    <p>Swimming and boating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about water's role in aquatic life is true?

    <p>Water is essential for nutrient and oxygen absorption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an everyday use of water?

    <p>Nutrient absorption in plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is water often referred to as a solvent in biological processes?

    <p>It can dissolve a wide range of substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given quantity of solvent at a specific temperature?

    <p>Solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recognized source of surface water?

    <p>Springs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common control measure for reducing water pollution?

    <p>Effluent treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a method of water conservation that can be practiced at an individual level?

    <p>Collecting rainwater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily distinguishes groundwater from surface water?

    <p>Groundwater is made accessible through wells and tube wells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is water pollution fundamentally defined as?

    <p>Any undesirable alteration in the physical, chemical, or biological conditions of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of water pollution?

    <p>Use of renewable energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does eutrophication have on aquatic ecosystems?

    <p>Causes a depletion of dissolved oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of waste primarily contains harmful microorganisms leading to diseases?

    <p>Untreated sewage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does thermal pollution impact aquatic life?

    <p>Reduces dissolved oxygen in water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pollutant is a direct result of excessive use of fertilizers in agriculture?

    <p>Eutrophication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon results from acid rain affecting water bodies?

    <p>Acidification of water, harming aquatic life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major consequence of oil spills in water bodies?

    <p>Death of marine life and habitat destruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a saturated solution?

    <p>No more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT affect the solubility of a solute in a solvent?

    <p>The size of the container used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does heating generally affect the solubility of substances?

    <p>It increases the solubility of most substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do finer solute particles dissolve faster than larger particles?

    <p>They have a larger surface area relative to their volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the presumed aim of preparing a saturated solution of copper sulphate?

    <p>To compare solubility at room temperature versus higher temperatures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about insoluble substances is correct?

    <p>Insoluble substances do not dissolve in their given solvent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does stirring play in the formation of a solution?

    <p>It increases the rate at which the solute dissolves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pairs exemplifies soluble substances in water?

    <p>Salt and water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of effluent treatment plants?

    <p>To remove harmful chemicals from industrial waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following practices can help in reducing water pollution?

    <p>Use of biodegradable detergents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major consequence of excessive groundwater use?

    <p>Water scarcity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can drip irrigation contribute to water conservation?

    <p>By reducing water runoff and evaporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant contribution did Rajendra Singh make to water conservation?

    <p>Built over 5000 water-harvesting structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of recycling industrial and domestic wastewater?

    <p>It allows for conservation and reduced wastage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the important reasons for conserving water as mentioned?

    <p>To meet the demands of industrialization and agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method can increase rainfall according to water conservation practices?

    <p>Increasing forest areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Water's Role in Life Processes

    • Water is crucial for various life processes, acting as a solvent, regulating temperature, aiding plant growth, and supporting aquatic life.
    • Water dissolves substances, allowing for food absorption and waste product removal within organisms.
    • Water helps regulate body temperature through sweating and evaporation, maintaining a stable internal environment.
    • Plants rely on water to produce food through photosynthesis and absorb nutrients from the soil.
    • Aquatic ecosystems depend on dissolved nutrients and oxygen in water for the survival of plants and animals.

    Water Content in Living Things

    • The human body comprises approximately 70% water, emphasizing its vital role in biological functions.
    • Milk, tomatoes, wheat, and eggs have varying water contents, highlighting its presence in food sources.

    Everyday and Additional Uses of Water

    • Water is essential for basic needs like drinking, washing, cooking, and bathing, demonstrating its fundamental importance.
    • Hydroelectric power stations utilize water's energy to generate electricity.
    • Agriculture heavily relies on water for irrigation, showcasing its indispensable contribution to food production.
    • Water serves as a medium for transportation, facilitating the movement of goods and people.
    • Various manufacturing processes rely on water for its properties as a solvent and coolant.
    • Water provides recreational opportunities through activities like swimming, boating, and water skiing.
    • Water is a crucial fire extinguisher due to its cooling properties, signifying its important role in safety.

    Solubility of Copper Sulfate

    • An experiment demonstrates the effect of temperature on the solubility of copper sulfate in water.
    • Heating a saturated solution of copper sulfate increases its solubility, allowing for more solute to dissolve.
    • Cooling the saturated solution results in the precipitation of copper sulfate crystals.

    Solubility

    • The solubility of a substance refers to the amount of solute that dissolves in a specific amount of solvent at a given temperature.
    • Solubility is typically expressed in grams of solute per 100 grams of solvent.
    • The solubility of most substances in water increases with increasing temperature.

    Importance of Water

    • Almost 70% of the human body is composed of water, emphasizing its crucial role in maintaining life.

    Sources of Water

    • Water can be classified into two categories: surface water and underground water.
    • Surface water includes rainwater, water bodies like rivers, lakes, streams, and oceans, with oceans containing significant amounts of dissolved salts.
    • Underground water, commonly known as groundwater, is collected above non-porous rocks and can be accessed through wells and tube wells.

    Water as the Universal Solvent

    • Water is considered the universal solvent due to its exceptional ability to dissolve a wide range of substances.

    Water Pollution

    • Water pollution occurs when undesirable changes alter the physical, chemical, or biological conditions of water, making it harmful to life.
    • Common causes of water pollution include domestic sewage, industrial wastes, pesticides, oil spills, acid rain, garbage dumping, and thermal pollution.

    Eutrophication

    • Eutrophication is the excessive growth of algae and aquatic plants caused by excess fertilizers entering water bodies.
    • This process leads to oxygen depletion, ultimately harming aquatic life.

    Control of Water Pollution

    • Measures to control water pollution involve treating industrial and sewage waste, recycling waste products, promoting organic farming, using biodegradable detergents, increasing forest areas, and utilizing recycled wastewater.

    Conservation of Water

    • Conserving water involves reducing waste without compromising daily life, important for industrialization, agriculture, and mitigating groundwater overuse.

    How Can Water Be Conserved?

    • Increasing forest areas can enhance rainfall, contributing to water conservation.
    • Recycling and reusing industrial and domestic wastewater can reduce water consumption.
    • Drip irrigation systems efficiently deliver water to plants, minimizing waste.
    • Implementing rainwater harvesting systems efficiently captures and stores rainwater.

    Rajendra Singh's Contribution

    • Rajendra Singh and his organization, Tarun Bharat Sangh, have significantly impacted water conservation.
    • They have constructed over 5000 water-harvesting structures and revived five rivers in Rajasthan, restoring life in drought-prone villages.

    Concept Map

    • A concept map visualizes the interconnectedness of water sources, characteristics, pollution, and conservation.
    • The map highlights the relationship between surface water (rainwater, rivers, lakes, oceans), underground water (groundwater, wells), and water pollution.

    Water in Everyday Life

    • Water plays a pivotal role in daily life, from fundamental needs to technological advancements.
    • Water's properties as a solvent, coolant, and energy source are indispensable in various applications.

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    Description

    Explore the essential functions of water in biological systems and its importance in ecosystems. This quiz covers how water acts as a solvent, regulates temperature, and supports plant growth, as well as its presence in various foods and everyday uses. Test your knowledge on the significance of water in sustaining life.

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